Large-scale genome-wide SNP analysis reveals the rugged (and ragged) landscape of global ancestry, phylogeny, and demographic history in chicken breeds.

The worldwide chicken gene pool encompasses a remarkable, but shrinking, number of divergently selected breeds of diverse origin. This study was a large-scale genome-wide analysis of the landscape of the complex molecular architecture, genetic variability, and detailed structure among 49 populations. These populations represent a significant sample of the world's chicken breeds from Europe (Russia, Czech Republic, France, Spain, UK, etc.

Comparative peculiarities of genomic diversity in Gallus gallus domesticus chickens with decorative plumage: the muffs and beard phenotype.

Throughout history, humans have been attempting to develop the ornamental features of domestic animals in addition to their productive qualities. Many chicken breeds have developed tufts of elongated feathers that jut out from the sides and bottom of the beak, leading to the phenotype known as muffs and beard. It is an incomplete autosomal dominant phenotype determined by the Mb locus localised on chromosome GGA27.

[Potential for infusion correction of COVID-19-associated endotheliopathy].

Aim: To evaluate the relationship between the systemic inflammatory response and the severity of COVID-19-associated endotheliopathy and the effect of succinate-containing crystalloid solution (sodium meglumine succinate) on it in patients with severe COVID-19.

Materials And Methods: Clinical and laboratory parameters of 53 intensive care unit's patients with COVID-19 complicated by community-acquired bilateral multisegmental pneumonia were analyzed. Intensive therapy complex of 27 patients (study group) included daily infusion of 1.

The Genetic Diversity of Horse Native Breeds in Russia.

Horses were domesticated later than other farm animals. Horse breeds have been selectively developed by humans to satisfy different needs and purposes. The factory and indigenous breeds are of particular interest, having been bred in purity for many centuries without the addition of foreign blood.

Expression of Hairpin-Enriched Mitochondrial DNA in Two Hairworm Species (Nematomorpha).

Nematomorpha (hairworms) is a phylum of parasitic ecdysozoans, best known for infecting arthropods and guiding their hosts toward water, where the parasite can complete its life cycle. Over 350 species of nematomorphs have been described, yet molecular data for the group remain scarce. The few available mitochondrial genomes of nematomorphs are enriched with long inverted repeats, which are embedded in the coding sequences of their genes-a remarkably unusual feature exclusive to this phylum.

The Genetic Diversity of Stallions of Different Breeds in Russia.

The specifics of breeding and selection significantly affect genetic diversity and variability within a breed. We present the data obtained from the genetic analysis of 21 thoroughbred and warmblood horse breeds. The most detailed information is described from the following breeds: Arabian, Trakehner, French Trotter, Standardbred, and Soviet Heavy Horse.

Salmonidae Genome: Features, Evolutionary and Phylogenetic Characteristics.

The salmon family is one of the most iconic and economically important fish families, primarily possessing meat of excellent taste as well as irreplaceable nutritional and biological value. One of the most common and, therefore, highly significant members of this family, the Atlantic salmon ( L.), was not without reason one of the first fish species for which a high-quality reference genome assembly was produced and published.

Comparative Analysis of Molecular RFLP and SNP Markers in Assessing and Understanding the Genetic Diversity of Various Chicken Breeds.

Monitoring the genetic diversity of small populations is important with respect to conserving rare and valuable chicken breeds, as well as discovery and innovation in germplasm research and application. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), the molecular markers that underlie multilocus DNA fingerprinting (MLDF), have historically been employed for this purpose, but over the past two decades, there has been an irreversible shift toward high-throughput single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of archived MLDF results and new data from whole-genome SNP genotyping (SNPg) among 18 divergently selected breeds representing a large sample of the world gene pool.

Elemental composition of sediments on exterior window surfaces along vertical gradient in Moscow.

Despite numerous studies on the spatial distribution of pollutants in urban environments, little is known about their vertical profile. The presented research aims to analyze loadings and concentration of elements sedimented on exterior glass window surfaces of a high-rise building in Moscow city. The roadside part of a typical 17-level building was examined.

Comparative effectiveness of immune system stimulators in calves' vaccination.

The work aimed to study the comparative effectiveness of the immunostimulants "Roncoleukin" and propolis milk for increasing the nonspecific and specific resistance and immunological reactivity of calves during vaccination against salmonellosis. A study of the "Roncoleukin" effect combined with propolis milk on the biochemical, immunological, and serological parameters of calves during vaccination against salmonellosis was carried out. The objects of research were calves from birth to 2 months of age of the Simmental breed.

Prevalence of Recombinant Strains of Potato Virus Y in Seed Potato Planted in Idaho and Washington States Between 2011 and 2021.

Potato virus Y (PVY) has emerged as the main reason for potato seed lot rejections, seriously affecting seed potato production in the United States throughout the past 20 years. The dynamics of PVY strain abundance and composition in various potato growing areas of the United States has not been well documented or understood up to now. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of PVY strains in potato fields in the Pacific Northwest (PNW), including seed potato production systems in the State of Idaho and commercial potato fields in the Columbia Basin of Washington State between 2011 and 2021.

Structural Insight into LaCaMnCoO Decomposition in the Methane Combustion Process.

Perovskite-like solid solution LaCaMnCoO was tested during the total methane combustion reaction. During the reaction, there is a noticeable decrease in methane conversion, the rate of catalyst deactivation increasing with an increase in temperature. The in situ XRD and HRTEM methods show that the observed deactivation occurs as a result of the segregation of calcite and cobalt oxide particles on the perovskite surface.

Immunomodulatory effect of the combined use of Vetosporin Zh probiotic and Gumi-malysh biologically active additive.

Background And Aim: Various means and methods, including probiotics and biologically active additives, have been developed and proposed for production to increase the immunobiological reactivity of the body, regardless of the etiology of its decrease. This study aimed to find out the immune status of calves during the preweaning period in association with Vetosporin Zh, Normosil, and Gumi-malysh.

Materials And Methods: The research object was 30-day-old calves of black-and-white Holstein breed.

Duration of Applications Affects the Long-Term Efficacy of Cryoballoon Ablation Pulmonary Veins.

Aim      To evaluate the effect of cryo-exposure duration and the use of the Achieve circular mapping catheter on efficacy of cryoballoon ablation (CBA).Material and methods  CBA of pulmonary vein ostia (PVO) is a major method for heart rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Since the inception, the PVO CBA method has evolved; the recommended application time was changed, and the Achieve circular catheter appeared.

Linking pollution of roadside soils and ecotoxicological responses of five higher plants.

This research studies a typical landscape of an agricultural area separated from the road by a ditch with trees. Soils were sampled at 1, 2, 7, 25, and 50 m from the road. The concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), total and phyto-available heavy metals (HM), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), and de-icing salts (DS, Cl) were determined using standard techniques.

[Modulation of cardiac contractility in patients with chronic heart failure and atrial fibrillation].

Aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of cardiac contractility modulation (MSS) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and atrial fibrillation (AF).

Materials And Methods: The following studies were performed in 40 patients with CHF and AF before implantation of the MSS device and after 2 and 6 months of follow-up: 12-channel ECG, transthoracic EchoCG, 6-minute walk test, determination of the level of Pro-natriuretic N-terminal peptide (NT-proBNP), daily ECG monitoring, and a questionnaire based on the Minnesota quality of life questionnaire for patients with CHF (MHFLQ). All patients received long-term optimal drug therapy for CHF before surgery.

[Implantable loop recorders for prolonged heart-rhythm monitoring in patients with cryptogenic stroke].

Objective: The timely diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with cardiac embolism with implantable loop recorders (ILR).

Material And Methods: Twenty-nine patients, hospitalized within 6 months after stroke (=19) or transient ischemic attack (=10), were included in the study. ILR were implanted in all cases.

Influence of interferon-based drugs on immunological indices in specific prevention.

Aim: The research aimed to study the effect of interferon (IFN)-based drugs on the behavior of immunological parameters in calves during the specific prevention of associative infections.

Materials And Methods: The object of research was 45 black motley cows and their calves from birth to 2 months of life. Serum and colostrum samples were screened for antibodies against , diarrhea, and coronavirus using serological methods.

Core-shell polymeric nanoparticles co-loaded with photosensitizer and organic dye for photodynamic therapy guided by fluorescence imaging in near and short-wave infrared spectral regions.

Background: Biodistribution of photosensitizer (PS) in photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be assessed by fluorescence imaging that visualizes the accumulation of PS in malignant tissue prior to PDT. At the same time, excitation of the PS during an assessment of its biodistribution results in premature photobleaching and can cause toxicity to healthy tissues. Combination of PS with a separate fluorescent moiety, which can be excited apart from PS activation, provides a possibility for fluorescence imaging (FI) guided delivery of PS to cancer site, followed by PDT.

Hyperspectral Multiplexed Biological Imaging of Nanoprobes Emitting in the Short-Wave Infrared Region.

Optical bioimaging with exogenous luminophores emitting in short-wave infrared spectral region (SWIR, ~ 1000-1700 nm) is a rapidly developing field, and the development of multiple SWIR-photoluminescent nanoprobes has recently been reported. In this regard, hyperspectral imaging (HSI), combined with unmixing algorithms, is a promising tool that can allow for efficient multiplexing of the SWIR-emitting nanoagents by their photoluminescence (PL) spectral profiles. The SWIR HSI technique reported here is developed to multiplex two types of nanoprobes: polymeric nanoparticles doped with organic dye (PNPs) and rare-earth doped fluoride nanoparticles (RENPs).

[Complications of the Catheter Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation: Stenosis of All Pulmonary Veins after Radiofrequency Ablation].

Radiofrequency ablation is the "gold standard" in atrial fibrillation treatment. The frequency of complications is about 3.5-3.

Ecotoxicological effects of traffic-related pollutants in roadside soils of Moscow.

The objective of this research is to find correlations between traffic-related contaminants in the roadside soils and their ecotoxicity. The study was conducted in Moscow in the vicinity of a highway of 125 000 vehicles per day. The topsoils (0-3 cm depth) were sampled perpendicular to the road at 1-, 6-, 10-, 18- and 50-m distances from the roadbed.

Uptake of Chlorin e Photosensitizer by Polystyrene-Diphenyloxazole-Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) Hybrid Nanosystem Studied by Electronic Excitation Energy Transfer.

Polystyrene (PS)-diphenyloxazole (PPO) nanoparticles with attached cross-linked poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) chains were obtained resulting in PS-PPO-PNIPAM hybrid nanosystems (NS). Fluorescence spectra of chlorin e added to PS-PPO-PNIPAM hybrid NS revealed electronic excitation energy transfer (EEET) from PS matrix and encapsulated PPO to chlorin e. EEET efficiency increased strongly during 1 h after chlorin e addition, indicating that uptake of chlorin e by PNIPAM part of hybrid NS still proceeds during this time.

Transient interaction between the N-terminal extension of the essential light chain-1 and motor domain of the myosin head during the ATPase cycle.

The molecular mechanism of muscle contraction is based on the ATP-dependent cyclic interaction of myosin heads with actin filaments. Myosin head (myosin subfragment-1, S1) consists of two major domains, the motor domain responsible for ATP hydrolysis and actin binding, and the regulatory domain stabilized by light chains. Essential light chain-1 (LC1) is of particular interest since it comprises a unique N-terminal extension (NTE) which can bind to actin thus forming an additional actin-binding site on the myosin head and modulating its motor activity.