Duration of untreated psychosis and clinical outcomes of first episode psychosis: An observational and an instrumental variables analysis.

Aim: Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is considered as a key prognostic variable in psychosis. Yet, it is unclear whether a longer DUP causes worse outcomes or whether reported associations have alternative explanations.

Methods: Data from 2 cohorts of patients with first episode psychosis were used (n = 2134).

Negative symptoms in first-episode psychosis: Clinical correlates and 1-year follow-up outcomes in London Early Intervention Services.

Aim: Negative symptoms (NS) have been associated with poor outcome and remain difficult to treat in patients with psychosis. This study examined the association of NS with clinical features at first presentation to mental health services for psychosis and with outcomes at 1-year follow-up.

Methods: Clinical data were utilized from five London Early Intervention Services (EIS) included in the MiData audit database.

Clinical and demographic differences between patients with manic, depressive and schizophrenia-spectrum psychoses presenting to Early Intervention Services in London.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between the presenting clinical and demographic characteristics in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients with their clinical diagnostic grouping 1 year later.

Methods: Data from 1014 first-presentation psychosis patients from seven London-based Early Intervention Services were extracted from the MiData audit database. Associations between clinical and demographic measures at presentation and clinical diagnosis made at 1 year were assessed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi-square tests.

Gender differences in one-year outcomes of first-presentation psychosis patients in inner-city UK Early Intervention Services.

Aim: Men and women have historically been shown to differ in their presentation and outcome of psychotic disorders and thus are likely to have different treatment needs. It is unclear whether Early Intervention Services (EIS) are able to provide equitable care for both men and women presenting for the first time with psychosis. The main aim of this study was to explore gender differences for first-presentation psychosis patients at the time of their referral to inner-city EIS and their outcomes 1 year later.

Predictors of vocational activity over the first year in inner-city early intervention in psychosis services.

Aim: Work and educational activities are an important part of recovery for young people with psychosis, and improving vocational outcomes is a key target for early intervention services (EIS). This study evaluated predictors of vocational activity for first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients during the first year of EIS care. It was hypothesized that longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and minority ethnic status would predict poorer vocational outcomes, whereas a history of good vocational functioning would predict better vocational functioning during follow up.

Duration of untreated psychosis in adolescents: ethnic differences and clinical profiles.

Background: Duration of Untreated Psychosis (DUP) is an important measure associated with outcome of psychosis. This first study in the UK compared DUP between adolescent and adult-onset individuals and explored whether the adolescent-onset group showed variations in DUP that could be accounted for by sociodemographic and selected risk factors.

Methods: This naturalistic cohort study included 940 new first-episode psychosis cases aged 14-35years (136 adolescent-onset versus 804 adult-onset psychotic individuals) referred to nine Early Intervention Services for Psychosis in London (2003-2009).

Ethnic variations in pathways into early intervention services for psychosis.

Background: Ethnic variations have previously been identified in the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and pathways into psychiatric services. These have not been examined in the context of early intervention services, which may alter these trajectories.

Aims: To explore ethnic differences in the nature and duration of pathways into early intervention services.

Specialised care for early psychosis: symptoms, social functioning and patient satisfaction: randomised controlled trial.

Background: The provision of early intervention services for people with psychosis is UK government policy, although evidence for benefit of such services is sparse.

Aims: To evaluate the effects of a service providing specialised care for early psychosis (the Lambeth Early Onset Team) on clinical and social outcomes, and on service user satisfaction.

Method: One hundred and forty-four people with psychosis, presenting to mental health services for the first or second time (if previously failed to engage in treatment), were randomly allocated to care by the early onset team or to standard care.

The Lambeth Early Onset (LEO) Team: randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of specialised care for early psychosis.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a service for early psychosis.

Design: Randomised controlled clinical trial.

Setting: Community mental health teams in one London borough.