A Ru/RuO-Doped TiO Nanotubes as pH Sensors for Biomedical Applications: The Effect of the Amount and Oxidation of Deposited Ru on the Electrochemical Response.

In the field of orthopedic or dental implants, titanium and its alloys are most commonly used because of their excellent mechanical and corrosion properties and good biocompatibility. After implantation into the patient's body, there is a high risk of developing bacterial inflammation, which negatively affects the surrounding tissues and the implant itself. Early detection of inflammation could be done with a pH sensor.