Safety and usability of oncology information systems - a systematic review.

Background: Digitalization has become integral to healthcare and specifically cancer treatment. Healthcare providers in oncology widely use electronic data collection and management systems in contemporary clinical practice. However, some reports point to severe problems regarding usability, which negatively impact the clinical workforce, as well as safety issues related to electronic health records, which potentially endanger patients.

Person-based design and evaluation of MIA, a digital medical interview assistant for radiology.

Introduction: Radiologists frequently lack direct patient contact due to time constraints. Digital medical interview assistants aim to facilitate the collection of health information. In this paper, we propose leveraging conversational agents to realize a medical interview assistant to facilitate medical history taking, while at the same time offering patients the opportunity to ask questions on the examination.

Title and abstract screening for literature reviews using large language models: an exploratory study in the biomedical domain.

Background: Systematically screening published literature to determine the relevant publications to synthesize in a review is a time-consuming and difficult task. Large language models (LLMs) are an emerging technology with promising capabilities for the automation of language-related tasks that may be useful for such a purpose.

Methods: LLMs were used as part of an automated system to evaluate the relevance of publications to a certain topic based on defined criteria and based on the title and abstract of each publication.

Exploring Capabilities of Large Language Models such as ChatGPT in Radiation Oncology.

Purpose: Technological progress of machine learning and natural language processing has led to the development of large language models (LLMs), capable of producing well-formed text responses and providing natural language access to knowledge. Modern conversational LLMs such as ChatGPT have shown remarkable capabilities across a variety of fields, including medicine. These models may assess even highly specialized medical knowledge within specific disciplines, such as radiation therapy.

Extraction of Interoperable Data from Healthcare Documents by Identifying Common Data Elements: An Analysis of Radiation Therapy Planning CT Physician Order Entry Records.

Introduction: Documentation as well as IT-based management of medical data is of ever-increasing relevance in modern medicine. As radiation oncology is a rather technical, data-driven discipline, standardization, and data exchange are in principle possible. We examined electronic healthcare documents to extract structured information.

(Common) Data Elements in Radiation Oncology: A Systematic Literature Review.

Purpose: Structured medical data documentation is highly relevant in a data-driven discipline such as radiation oncology. Defined (common) data elements (CDEs) can be used to record data in clinical trials, health records, or computer systems for improved standardization and data exchange. The International Society for Radiation Oncology Informatics initiated a project for a scientific literature analysis of defined data elements for structured documentation in radiation oncology.

Designing a Digital Medical Interview Assistant for Radiology.

Radiologists rarely interact with the patients whose radiological images they are reviewing due to time and resource constraints. However, relevant information about the patient's medical history could improve reporting performance and quality. In this work, our objective was to collect requirements for a digital medical interview assistant (DMIA) that collects the medical history from patients by means of a conversational agent and structures as well as provides the collected data to radiologists.

Current Research and Development in Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC)-A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Clinical Trials Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Introduction: Over the past two decades, cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC has improved outcomes for selected patients with peritoneal metastasis from various origins. This is a cross-sectional study with descriptive analyses of HIPEC trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Accuracy of the Apple Watch Oxygen Saturation Measurement in Adults: A Systematic Review.

The purpose of this review is to summarize the research on the accuracy of oxygen saturation (spO) measurements using the Apple Watch (Apple Inc., Cupertino, California). The Medline and Google Scholar databases were searched for papers evaluating the spO measurements of the Apple Watch vs.

Applications of Machine Learning in Palliative Care: A Systematic Review.

To summarize the available literature on using machine learning (ML) for palliative care practice as well as research and to assess the adherence of the published studies to the most important ML best practices. The MEDLINE database was searched for the use of ML in palliative care practice or research, and the records were screened according to PRISMA guidelines. In total, 22 publications using machine learning for mortality prediction (n = 15), data annotation (n = 5), predicting morbidity under palliative therapy (n = 1), and predicting response to palliative therapy (n = 1) were included.

Toward Data-Driven Radiation Oncology Using Standardized Terminology as a Starting Point: Cross-sectional Study.

Background: The inability to seamlessly exchange information across radiation therapy ecosystems is a limiting factor in the pursuit of data-driven clinical practice. The implementation of semantic interoperability is a prerequisite for achieving the full capacity of the latest developments in personalized and precision medicine, such as mathematical modeling, advanced algorithmic information processing, and artificial intelligence approaches.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the state of terminology resources (TRs) dedicated to radiation oncology as a prerequisite for an oncology semantic ecosystem.

Contemporary treatment patterns and survival of cervical cancer patients in Ethiopia.

Background: Cervical cancer is the second commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in women in Ethiopia, with rates among the highest worldwide. However, there are limited data on cervical cancer treatment patterns and survival in the country. Herein, we examine treatment patterns and survival of cervical cancer patients treated in Tikur Anbessa Hospital Radiotherapy Center (TAHRC), the only hospital with radiotherapy facility in the country.

Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy-Related Clinical Trials in the Treatment of Peritoneal Metastases.

Introduction: Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a treatment option for patients with peritoneal metastases. We evaluated the current status of ongoing prospective clinical trials investigating PIPAC to provide an overview and predict trends in this field.

Methods: All 367,494 records of clinical trials registered at ClinicalTrials.

The prognostic impact of daytime and seasonality of radiotherapy on head and neck cancer.

Background: The potential impact of daytime and season of radiotherapy application on prognosis is unclear. This was analyzed in a retrospective cohort of patients who were diagnosed with non-metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and treated with definitive radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Patient and tumor characteristics, treatment parameters and outcome until last follow-up or death were obtained.

The impact of delivery daytime and seasonality of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer on toxicity burden.

Aim: The potential impact of the daytime and season of radiotherapy application on acute and late toxicity burden was analyzed on a cohort of curatively treated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Methods: Through a retrospective chart review, patient and tumor characteristics, treatment parameters and outcome were obtained. Patients treated with definitive or adjuvant radiotherapy with and without chemotherapy receiving ≥60 Gy between 2002 and 2015 were included (n = 617).

Multidisciplinary Cancer Management of Colorectal Cancer in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.

Purpose: Multidisciplinary cancer care is currently considered worldwide as standard for the management of patients with cancer. It improves patient diagnostic and staging accuracy and provides patients the benefit of having physicians of various specialties participating in their treatment plan. The purpose of this study was to describe the profile of patients discussed in the Tikur Anbessa Multidisciplinary Tumor Board (MTB) and the potential benefits brought by multidisciplinary care.

Breast cancer care in northern Ethiopia - cross-sectional analysis.

Background: In Ethiopia, the incidence of new cases of breast cancer is currently increasing resulting to high rates of morbidity and mortality. Breast cancer is by far the most common cancer accounting for more than one out of three cancer cases in women and one out of every five in the general population. The study was conducted in University of Gondar Hospital cancer center, located in the North-West Ethiopia; to evaluate the clino-pathologic characteristics of breast cancer and care provided for patients.

Emerging patient-specific treatment modalities in head and neck cancer - a systematic review.

Introduction: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is an immunosuppressive disease that demonstrates heterogeneous molecular characteristics and features of tumor-host interaction. Beside radiotherapy and surgery, the current standard of care in systemic treatment involves the use of cytotoxic chemotherapy, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). There are also other modalities being developed under the category of immunotherapy, but they are overshadowed by the recent advancements of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Current efforts in research of pleural mesothelioma-An analysis of the ClinicalTrials.gov registry.

Objectives: Currently there are many uncertainties in the optimal treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), this is reflected in discrepancies between current guidelines. Our aim was to evaluate the current status of prospective interventional clinical trials within the ClinicalTrials.gov registry in MPM in order to predict a potential impact on MPM management in the next years.

Decision Making Criteria in Oncology.

Decision making is one of the most complex skills required of an oncologist and is affected by a broad range of parameters. For example, the wide variety of treatment options, with various outcomes, side-effects and costs present challenges in selecting the most appropriate treatment. Many treatment choices are affected by limited scientific evidence, availability of therapies or patient-specific factors.

Clinical trials involving positron emission tomography and prostate cancer: an analysis of the ClinicalTrials.gov database.

Background: The goal of this study is to evaluate the status and future perspectives of clinical trials on positron emission tomography in prostate cancer for diagnostic or therapeutic as well as for surveillance purposes.

Methods: The www.ClinicalTrials.