Analysis of spine motion during prehospital extrication procedures in motorsport.

Purpose: The appropriate extrication techniques for trauma patients after car accidents remain a topic of controversy. Various techniques for immobilizing the cervical spine during prehospital extrication have been investigated.

Methods: This explorative study compared the amount of spinal motion during five different extrication procedures from a racecar and a rallycar performed by two teams: a professional motorsport extrication team and a team of professional emergency medical technicians (EMTs).

Evaluating time until ligation in a novel tourniquet - A crossover randomized-controlled trial.

Introduction And Aim: Severe external hemorrhage is a significant reason for morbidity and mortality in adults; thus, the swift and correct application of a tourniquet by laypersons can be lifesaving. We conducted this randomized-controlled cross-over study to investigate the use of a novel tourniquet.

Methods: Participants were recruited at the Heidelberg University Hospital.

[Extracorporeal Life Support in Critical Care Medicine].

Veno-arterial extracorporeal life support (ECLS) may be indicated in patients with refractory heart failure. The list of conditions in which ECLS is successfully used is growing and includes cardiogenic shock following myocardial infarction, refractory cardiac arrest, septic shock with low cardiac output and severe intoxication. Femoral ECLS is the most common and often preferred ECLS-configuration in the emergency setting.

Non-Invasive Ventilation as a Therapy Option for Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Acute Cardiopulmonary Oedema in Emergency Medical Services.

In this observational prospective multicenter study conducted between October 2016 and October 2018, we tested the hypothesis that the use of prehospital non-invasive ventilation (phNIV) to treat patients with acute respiratory insufficiency (ARI) caused by severe acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and acute cardiopulmonary oedema (ACPE) is effective, time-efficient and safe. The data were collected at four different physician response units and three admitting hospitals in a German EMS system. Patients with respiratory failure due to acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute cardiopulmonary oedema were enrolled.

Evaluation of external stabilization of type II odontoid fractures in geriatric patients-An experimental study on a newly developed cadaveric trauma model.

Background: Along with the growing geriatric population, the number of odontoid fractures is steadily increasing. However, the effectiveness of immobilizing geriatric odontoid fractures using a cervical collar has been questioned. The aim of the present study is to analyze the physiological and pathological motion in odontoid fractures and to assess limitation of motion in the cervical spine when applying a cervical collar.

Analysis of remaining motion using one innovative upper airway opening cervical collar and two traditional cervical collars.

The aim of this study was to compare the remaining motion of an immobilized cervical spine using an innovative cervical collar as well as two traditional cervical collars. The study was performed on eight fresh human cadavers. The cervical spine was immobilized with one innovative (Lubo Airway Collar) and two traditional cervical collars (Stifneck and Perfit ACE).

Cervical Spine Immobilization in Patients With a Geriatric Facial Structure: The Influence of a Geriatric Mandible Structure on the Immobilization Quality Using a Cervical Collar.

Introduction: Demographic changes have resulted in an increase in injuries among geriatric patients. For these patients, a rigid cervical collar is crucial for immobilizing the cervical spine. However, evidence suggests that patients with a geriatric facial structure require a different means of immobilization than patients with an adult facial structure.

[Diagnostics and Invasive Techniques in the Treatment of Chest Trauma].

Chest Trauma is a complex injury pattern whose diagnostics and therapy demand everything from an emergency response team. Chest trauma subsumes thoracic injuries in all facets from the bounce mark of a seat belt to fatal rollover trauma with contusion or disruption of organs located in the thorax. Possible causes comprise blunt or penetrating trauma, as well as decelerations, chemical and thermal damage.

Motion and dural sac compression in the upper cervical spine during the application of a cervical collar in case of unstable craniocervical junction-A study in two new cadaveric trauma models.

Background: Unstable conditions of the craniocervical junction such as atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD) or atlanto-axial instability (AAI) are severe injuries with a high risk of tetraplegia or death. Immobilization by a cervical collar to protect the patient from secondary damage is a standard procedure in trauma patients. If the application of a cervical collar to a patient with an unstable craniocervical condition may cause segmental motion and secondary injury to the spinal cord is unknown.

Spinal movement and dural sac compression during airway management in a cadaveric model with atlanto-occipital instability.

Purpose: To analyze the compression of the dural sac and the cervical spinal movement during performing different airway interventions in case of atlanto-occipital dislocation.

Methods: In six fresh cadavers, atlanto-occipital dislocation was performed by distracting the opened atlanto-occipital joint capsule and sectioning the tectorial membrane. Airway management was done using three airway devices (direct laryngoscopy, video laryngoscopy, and insertion of a laryngeal tube).

Cadaveric study of movement in the unstable upper cervical spine during emergency management: tracheal intubation and cervical spine immobilisation-a study protocol for a prospective randomised crossover trial.

Introduction: Emergency management of upper cervical spine injuries often requires cervical spine immobilisation and some critical patients also require airway management. The movement of cervical spine created by tracheal intubation and cervical spine immobilisation can potentially exacerbate cervical spinal cord injury. However, the evidence that previous studies have provided remains unclear, due to lack of a direct measurement technique for dural sac's space during dynamic processes.

Enlarged hyperechogenic substantia nigra as a risk marker for Parkinson's disease.

Background: SN hyperechogenicity (SN+), determined by transcranial sonography, has been proposed as a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, we reported a 17.4-fold increased risk for PD in individuals with SN+ older than 50 years within 3 years.