Comparative effectiveness of bivalent BA.4-5 or BA.1 mRNA booster vaccines among immunocompromised individuals across three Nordic countries: A nationwide cohort study.

Objectives: To estimate the effectiveness and waning of the bivalent BA.4-5 or BA.1 mRNA booster vaccine against Covid-19-related hospitalization and death in immunocompromised individuals.

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol response to statins according to comorbidities and co-medications: A population-based study.

Background: The response of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) to statin therapy is variable, and may be affected by the presence of co-morbid conditions or the use of concomitant medications. Systematic variation in the response to statins based on these factors could affect the selection of the statin treatment regimen in population subgroups. We investigated whether common comorbidities and co-medications had clinically important effects on statin responses in individual patients.

Effectiveness of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction with lipid lowering therapy for secondary prevention amongst older individuals: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Data about the clinical benefit from initial low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction with lipid lowering treatment for secondary prevention and risk of major vascular events amongst older as compared with younger individuals treated during routine clinical care are limited. We investigated this in a nationwide cohort.

Methods: Individuals aged ≥ 50 years with a first-time hospitalisation for a cardiovascular event (index event, including acute coronary syndrome, non-haemorrhagic stroke, transient ischaemic attack and coronary revascularisation), 1 January 2008 to 31 October 2018, who subsequently used lipid lowering treatment, and had an LDL-C measurement before and after the event were included.

COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Among Adolescents.

Background: For adolescents, data on the long-term effectiveness of the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines against severe COVID-19 outcomes are scarce. Additionally, only a few studies have evaluated vaccine effectiveness (VE) for mRNA-1273 or heterologous mRNA vaccine schedules (ie, mixing BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273).

Methods: Nationwide register-based 1-to-1 matched cohort analyses were conducted in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden between May 28, 2021, and April 30, 2023, to estimate VE for primary COVID-19 vaccine (2-dose) schedules among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years.

Cumulative Incidence of Thiazide-Induced Hyponatremia : A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: According to drug labels, the frequency of thiazide-induced hyponatremia is unknown or uncommon to very rare (that is, <1 in 10 000 to <1 in 100), but the exact burden remains unclear.

Objective: To estimate the increase in the cumulative incidence of hyponatremia using thiazide diuretics compared with nonthiazide antihypertensive drugs in routine clinical practice.

Design: Population and register-based cohort study using target trial emulation.

LDL-C Reduction With Lipid-Lowering Therapy for Primary Prevention of Major Vascular Events Among Older Individuals.

Background: Reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol with lipid-lowering therapy has consistently been shown to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease in primary prevention trials where the majority of individuals are aged <70 years. For older individuals, however, evidence is less clear.

Objectives: In this study, the authors sought to compare the clinical effectiveness of lowering LDL cholesterol by means of lipid-lowering therapy for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease among older and younger individuals in a Danish nationwide cohort.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Postacute Risk of Non-Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infectious Disease Hospitalizations: A Nationwide Cohort Study of Danish Adults Aged ≥50 Years.

Background: Reports suggest that the potential long-lasting health consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may involve persistent dysregulation of some immune populations, but the potential clinical implications are unknown. We investigated the associated risk of hospitalization due to non-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infectious diseases following the postacute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: By cross-linking data from the comprehensive Danish test and surveillance system for COVID-19 together with nationwide healthcare and demographic registers, we established a study cohort of 2 430 694 individuals aged ≥50 years, from 1 January 2021 to 10 December 2022, with no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection prior to study entry.

Safety of BA.4-5 or BA.1 bivalent mRNA booster vaccines: nationwide cohort study.

Objective: To examine the association between the omicron adapted bivalent mRNA covid-19 booster vaccines received as a fourth dose and risk of adverse events.

Design: Nationwide cohort study.

Setting: Denmark.

Comparative effectiveness of bivalent BA.4-5 and BA.1 mRNA booster vaccines among adults aged ≥50 years in Nordic countries: nationwide cohort study.

Objective: To estimate the effectiveness of the bivalent mRNA booster vaccines containing the original SARS-CoV-2 and omicron BA.4-5 or BA.1 subvariants as the fourth dose against severe covid-19.

Comparative effectiveness of heterologous third dose vaccine schedules against severe covid-19 during omicron predominance in Nordic countries: population based cohort analyses.

Objective: To investigate the comparative vaccine effectiveness of heterologous booster schedules (ie, three vaccine doses) compared with primary schedules (two vaccine doses) and with homologous mRNA vaccine booster schedules (three vaccine doses) during a period of omicron predominance.

Design: Population based cohort analyses.

Setting: Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden, 27 December 2020 to 31 December 2022.

Safety of heterologous primary and booster schedules with ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccines: nationwide cohort study.

Objective: To assess the risk of adverse events associated with heterologous primary (two dose) and booster (three dose) vaccine schedules for covid-19 with Oxford-AstraZeneca's ChAdOx1-S priming followed by mRNA vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech's BNT162b2 or Moderna's mRNA-1273) as compared with homologous mRNA vaccine schedules for covid-19.

Design: Nationwide cohort study.

Setting: Denmark, 1 January 2021 to 26 March 2022.

Evaluation of Topical Corticosteroid Use in Pregnancy and Risk of Newborns Being Small for Gestational Age and Having Low Birth Weight.

Importance: Topical corticosteroids are frequently used during pregnancy. Limited data have raised concerns about an increased risk of the newborn being small for gestational age (SGA) and having low birth weight, in particular with use of potent to very potent agents during pregnancy.

Objective: To evaluate whether topical corticosteroid use in pregnancy is associated with increased risks of SGA and low birth weight.

Adverse childhood experiences and asthma: trajectories in a national cohort.

Objective: Research has linked early adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with asthma development; however, existing studies have generally relied on parent report of exposure and outcome. We aimed to examine the association of early life ACEs with empirically determined trajectories of childhood asthma risk, using independent register information on both exposures and outcome.

Methods: Based on nationwide registries, we established a study cohort of 466 556 children born in Denmark (1997-2004).

Association between use of macrolides in pregnancy and risk of major birth defects: nationwide, register based cohort study.

Objective: To examine the association between the use of macrolide antibiotics in pregnancy and the risk of major birth defects.

Design: Nationwide, register based cohort study.

Setting: Denmark, 1997-2016.

Fetal safety of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine use during pregnancy: a nationwide cohort study.

Objective: The antimalaria 4-aminoquinoline drugs chloroquine and HCQ are used in the treatment of a wide range of CTDs. Data to inform on the safety of their use in pregnancy are limited.

Methods: In a Danish nationwide cohort study from 1996 through 2016, we identified 4-aminoquinoline-exposed pregnancies from a cohort of 1 240 875 pregnancies to investigate the associated risks of major birth defects, preterm birth, and small size for gestational age (SGA).

High-Dose Glucagon Has Hemodynamic Effects Regardless of Cardiac Beta-Adrenoceptor Blockade: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background Intravenous high-dose glucagon is a recommended antidote against beta-blocker poisonings, but clinical effects are unclear. We therefore investigated hemodynamic effects and safety of high-dose glucagon with and without concomitant beta-blockade. Methods and Results In a randomized crossover study, 10 healthy men received combinations of esmolol (1.

Maternal life and work stressors during pregnancy and asthma in offspring.

Background: Maternal stressors during pregnancy are potential risk factors for asthma in offspring. However, previous studies have been limited by the use of self-reported data focusing on stressors either in private life or at work. This study examined the association between maternal stressors both in private life and at work during pregnancy and asthma in offspring.

Association Between Fexofenadine Use During Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes.

Importance: Fexofenadine hydrochloride is a frequently used drug for treatment of allergic conditions during pregnancy, but the fetal safety of fexofenadine use has not been well studied.

Objective: To investigate the risk of adverse fetal outcomes associated with fexofenadine use during pregnancy.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A nationwide registry-based cohort study was conducted on pregnancies in Denmark from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2016.

Desloratadine Use During Pregnancy and Risk of Adverse Fetal Outcomes: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Desloratadine is a frequently used drug for the treatment of allergic disorders, which often also require treatment during pregnancy. However, information on the fetal safety of desloratadine use during pregnancy is limited.

Objective: To investigate the association between desloratadine use during pregnancy and adverse fetal outcomes.

Evaluation of Association Between Oral and Topical Terbinafine Use in Pregnancy and Risk of Major Malformations and Spontaneous Abortion.

Importance: Terbinafine is a commonly used antifungal agent, but safety data of its use in pregnancy are limited.

Objective: To examine the association between oral and topical terbinafine exposure in pregnancy and the risk of major malformations and spontaneous abortion.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A nationwide, registry-based cohort study was conducted in Denmark from January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2016, in a cohort of 1 650 649 pregnancies.