Adverse events associated with robotic-assistance in total hip arthroplasty: an analysis based on the FDA MAUDE database.

Background: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) maintains the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database for reporting adverse events associated with medical devices, including emerging technologies, such as robotic-assisted total hip arthroplasty (THA). Aim of this study was to evaluate the variation of adverse events associated with robotics in THA.

Methods: Medical device reports (MDRs) within the MAUDE database were identified between 2017 and 2021.

New Patient Referral Patterns May Reflect Gender Biases in Orthopedics.

Background Orthopedic surgery traditionally has been a male-dominant specialty with the lowest percentage of female residents and female faculty of all medical specialties. Prior studies demonstrate gender biases from both referring providers and patients. This study investigates surgeon, referring provider, and patient demographic differences in new patient orthopedic referrals.

How Many Patients Do We Need? Predictors of Consent to Participate in Clinical Research Studies in Orthopaedic Trauma.

Objectives: To characterize the recruitment rates at a Level I trauma center enroling for multiple prospective orthopaedic trauma research studies and identify patient-related and study-related predictors of consent.

Design: We conducted a case-control study to identify predictors of study consent. The authors categorized studies based on intensity of the study intervention (low, intermediate, or high).

Wrist Arthroscopy: Can We Gain Proficiency Through Knee Arthroscopy Simulation?

Objective: Wrist arthroscopy is a challenging discipline with limited training exposure during residency. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual knee arthroscopy simulation training for gaining proficiency in wrist arthroscopy.

Design: Participants were recorded performing a cadaveric wrist arthroscopy simulation.

Soft tissue sarcomas in skin: presentations and management.

Soft tissue sarcomas are a rare but heterogeneous family of malignant tumors that are predominantly found deep to the integumentary layer. Only a small number of these primary mesenchymal tumors actually originate from the dermal layers. A systematic approach to the evaluation and workup of these neoplasms can prevent inappropriate management.

Defining the Lower Limit of a "Critical Bone Defect" in Open Diaphyseal Tibial Fractures.

Objectives: To determine healing outcomes of open diaphyseal tibial shaft fractures treated with reamed intramedullary nailing (IMN) with a bone gap of 10-50 mm on ≥50% of the cortical circumference and to better define a "critical bone defect" based on healing outcome.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Patients: Forty patients, age 18-65, with open diaphyseal tibial fractures with a bone gap of 10-50 mm on ≥50% of the circumference as measured on standard anteroposterior and lateral postoperative radiographs treated with IMN.

Healing Time and Complications in Operatively Treated Atypical Femur Fractures Associated With Bisphosphonate Use: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to characterize demographics, healing time, and complications of a large series of operatively treated atypical femur fractures.

Design: Retrospective multicenter review.

Setting: Seventeen academic medical centers.

Disease-modifying effects of phosphocitrate and phosphocitrate-β-ethyl ester on partial meniscectomy-induced osteoarthritis.

Background: It is believed that phosphocitrate (PC) exerts its disease-modifying effects on osteoarthritis (OA) by inhibiting the formation of crystals. However, recent findings suggest that PC exerts its disease-modifying effect, at least in part, through a crystal-independent action. This study sought to examine the disease-modifying effects of PC and its analogue PC-β-ethyl ester (PC-E) on partial meniscectomy-induced OA and the structure-activity relationship.

Heterotopic ossification rates after acetabular fracture surgery are unchanged without indomethacin prophylaxis.

Background: We previously found no reduction in heterotopic ossification (HO) rates after acetabular surgery with indomethacin compared with a placebo. We subsequently abandoned routine indomethacin therapy after acetabular surgery but questioned whether the incidence had changed using a posterior approach.

Questions/purposes: We therefore determined (1) the incidence of HO after acetabular fracture surgery through a posterior approach; (2) the incidence of symptoms attributable to HO; and (3) the rate of reoperation for HO.

Translational research in pediatric extracorporeal life support systems and cardiopulmonary bypass procedures: 2011 update.

Over the past 6 years at Penn State Hershey, we have established the pediatric cardiovascular research center with a multidisciplinary research team with the goal to improve the outcomes for children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and extracorporeal life support (ECLS). Due to the variety of commercially available pediatric CPB and ECLS devices, both in vitro and in vivo translational research have been conducted to achieve the optimal choice for our patients. By now, every component being used in our clinical settings in Penn State Hershey has been selected based on the results of our translational research.

Clinical outcomes of pulsatile and non-pulsatile mode of perfusion.

A longstanding debate remains over whether or not pulsatile flow provides better perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This paper provides a guide for clinical investigation, as well as current laboratory and clinical evidence concerning pulsatile and non-pulsatile perfusion. This evidence is in the form of in vitro and in vivo experiments and clinical trials.

Quantification of pressure-flow waveforms and selection of components for the pulsatile extracorporeal circuit.

The debate on pulsatile flow during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has continued for more than half a century. This longstanding debate stems from imprecise quantification methods for arterial pressure and pump flow waveforms and the inability to determine which waveforms accurately depict pulsatile flow. The differences in in vitro and in vivo research outcomes for pulsatile and non-pulsatile flow experiments compounds these issues.

Impact of the postpump resistance on pressure-flow waveform and hemodynamic energy level in a neonatal pulsatile centrifugal pump.

This study tested the impact of different postpump resistances on pulsatile pressure-flow waveforms and hemodynamic energy output in a mock extracorporeal system. The circuit was primed with a 40% glycerin-water mixture, and a PediVAS centrifugal pump was used. The pre- and postpump pressures and flow rates were monitored via a data acquisition system.

Hemodynamic energy delivery of the pulsatile flow in a simulated pediatric extracorporeal circuit.

Objectives of this study were 1) to precisely measure the generation and delivery of hemodynamic energy levels during pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass procedure using a simulated circuit and 2) to quantify energy losses of the extracorporeal circuit components. A conventional roller pump, pediatric hollow-fiber membrane oxygenator, arterial filter, arterial cannula, and (1/4)-in tubing were used. The circuit was primed with 40/60 glycerin/water mixture.

Extracorporeal Life Support Registry Report 2008: neonatal and pediatric cardiac cases.

Each year thousands of patients require extracorporeal life support (ECLS) for a variety of respiratory, cardiac, and emergency reasons. The ECLS registry, a Federal Drug Administration approved control group, provides a database of approximately 37,000 ECLS patients from domestic and international hospitals, with details about demographic factors, diagnosis, treatment, and complications. The report is circulated to Extracorporeal Life Support Organization members with the goal of providing feedback on each center's practices relative to the performance of all of the centers, and to the general public with the goal of enhancing research and improving patient care.