Genetic Prediction of Smoking Cessation Medication Side Effects: A Genome-Wide Investigation of Abnormal Dreams on Varenicline.

Varenicline, the most efficacious smoking cessation monotherapy, produces abnormal dreams. Although genetic contributions to varenicline-associated nausea and cessation have been identified, the role of genetics in abnormal dreams is unknown. We conducted a genomewide association study (GWAS) of abnormal dreams in 188 European ancestry smokers treated with varenicline (NCT01314001).

Does sex alter the relationship between CYP2B6 variation, hydroxybupropion concentration and bupropion-aided smoking cessation in African Americans? A moderated mediation analysis.

Background And Aims: CYP2B6, a genetically variable enzyme, converts bupropion to its active metabolite hydroxybupropion. CYP2B6 activity and bupropion-aided cessation differ between women and men. The aim of this study was to determine whether genetically normal (versus reduced) CYP2B6 activity increases bupropion-aided cessation in African American smokers via higher hydroxybupropion concentration, and whether this differs by sex.

Analyses of nicotine metabolism biomarker genetics stratified by sex in African and European Americans.

Nicotine is inactivated by the polymorphic CYP2A6 enzyme to cotinine and then to 3'hydroxycotinine. The Nicotine Metabolite Ratio (NMR; 3'hydroxycotinine/cotinine) is a heritable nicotine metabolism biomarker, varies with sex and ancestry, and influences smoking cessation and disease risk. We conducted sex-stratified genome-wide association studies of the NMR in European American (EA) and African American (AA) smokers (NCT01314001, NCT00666978).

Social determinants of alcohol and cigarette use by race/ethnicity: Can we ignore measurement issues?

Psychometric critiques of cross-cultural research emphasize testing whether instruments measure the same construct across cultural groups. We tested for measurement invariance (by race/ethnicity) of instruments used to evaluate the relationship between alcohol and tobacco use with perceived discrimination and socioeconomic status (SES). Tests of psychometric equivalence across race/ethnicity focused on: the latent organization of constructs (configural invariance); if observed indicators have equal factor loadings or "true score" variance (metric invariance); and whether manifest indicators change uniformly contingent on change in the latent variable (scalar invariance).