The temporary impact of COVID-19 on semen deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by impact on different systems of human body. Recently, several anti-COVID vaccines have been developed.

Material And Methods: In our study, we included two groups of males: GROUP1, anti-COVID vaccinated males, n = 46, and GROUP2, n = 43, non-vaccinated males, who all fell ill with the Coronavirus infection.

Efficacy of combination therapy tadalafil plus tamsulosin in ureteral stents-related symptoms relief.

Introduction: Ureteral stents-related symptoms (USRs) are the common complications of ureteral stenting. Tamsulosin a selective alpha-1 blocker and Tadalafil a PDE-5 inhibitor are one of drugs have been used for USRs relief. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combination therapy Tamsulosin+Tadalafil for treating USRs comparing it with the efficacy of either Tamsulosin or Tadalafil monotherapies.

Mixed Sexually Transmitted Infections in Infertile Couples: Empirical Treatment and Influence on Semen Quality.

Background: Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) and Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) are common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) that are diagnosed in infertile couples (cps). In cases with their simultaneous presence in a patient (mixed STI, MSTIs), treatment is complicated by the different sensitivity of microorganisms to antibacterial drugs. Moreover, in cases of complicated infections, the empirical treatment should be started before obtaining the results of drug susceptibilities.

Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among small mammals in Tatarstan, Russian Federation.

Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite with a wide host range that includes humans, domestic animals and wild animals. Small mammals serve as intermediate hosts for T. gondii and may contribute to the persistence of this parasite in the environment.

Constrained plasticity reserve as a natural way to control frequency and weights in spiking neural networks.

Biological neurons have adaptive nature and perform complex computations involving the filtering of redundant information. However, most common neural cell models, including biologically plausible, such as Hodgkin-Huxley or Izhikevich, do not possess predictive dynamics on a single-cell level. Moreover, the modern rules of synaptic plasticity or interconnections weights adaptation also do not provide grounding for the ability of neurons to adapt to the ever-changing input signal intensity.

Assessment of the effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation as a technique for destroying small renal tumors in patients older than 70.

Introduction: During the past few decades, the percentage of older people in the population has been steadily growing due to the tendency of extended life expectancy. The efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and tumor enucleoresection (TE) in the treatment of selected older patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) T1aN0M0 sized ≤4.0 cm has been a popular topic in many recent studies.

Acute epididymo-orchitis: relevance of local classification and partner's follow-up.

Introduction: Acute epididymo-orchitis (AEO) is a male urological emergency without an approved clinical classification. We aimed to determine the clinical value of proposed in 2012 local AEO classification system and summarize results of partner's follow-up.

Material And Methods: A total of 293 patients with AEO were enrolled into our study.

The influence of direct mobile phone radiation on sperm quality.

Introduction: It is impossible to imagine a modern socially-active man who does not use mobile devices and/or computers with Wi-Fi function. The effect of mobile phone radiation on male fertility is the subject of recent interest and investigations. The aim of this study was to investigate the direct in vitro influence of mobile phone radiation on sperm DNA fragmentation and motility parameters in healthy subjects with normozoospermia.

Mental status in patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis.

Introduction: Chronic prostatitis is a widespread urological disease with a lengthy course and a propensity to frequent recurrences. Adequate response to anti-inflammatory therapy is lacking in a high percentage of patients, which causes them to seek medical advice from different doctors. Thus, the physicians are challenged to look for other reasons causing the pathological symptoms.

[Efficiency of surgical treatment of varicocele for restoration of reproductive function].

It was examined 206 patients with varicocele and infertility in infertile men aged from 25 to 45 years. Stightly best results were obtained after microsurgical operation. Surgical removal of a varicocele as a stage of infertility treatment should not be done as long as interviewed with sterile pair about absence warranty the success of this method of treatment.

[Changes of peritumoral testicular tissue in patients with germ cell tumors].

For the purpose of definition of characteristic morphological changes of testicular tissue which to be surveyed as precancerous, the peritumoral tissue at 40 patients with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) which has been spent orchiectomy is investigated and the diagnosis according to classification TNM is established. In peritumoral tissue in 95% patients with testicular germ cell tumors disturbance of spermatogenesis, characteristic for the secretory form of male infertility, are taped. Occurrence of atypical germ cells (TIN) in semen tubules, which were defined in 60% of cases, and overexpressed hyperplasia of Leydig cells of interstition, defined in 82.

[Non-invasive transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation facilitates locomotor activity in decerebrated and spinal cats].

It is known that spinal neuronal networks activated by epidural electrical stimulation (EES) can produce the stepping EMG pattern and control the locomotor behavior. At present study we showed that non-invasive transcutaneous electrical spinal cord stimulation (tESCS) applied to the lumbar-sacral enlargement can facilitate the locomotor activity in decerebrated and spinal animals. The comparison of the motor responses evoked by EES vs tESCS showed that both methods produce the locomotor patterns with close properties and similar reflex mechanisms.

[Vibrational physical exercises as the rehabilitation in gerontology].

Vibration biomechanical stimulation as the physiological basis of vibration physical exercises (whole body vibration) causes reflecting muscle contractions like tonic vibration reflex. This type of intervention leads to high intensive stimulation of proprioceptors as called muscle spindles which result in alteration in parameters of activity and developments of human physiological functions. This type of training has broad positive influence on organism.

[Mechanisms of stepping rhythm formation during epidural spinal cord stimulation in decerebrated and spinal cord transected cats].

The mechanisms of stepping pattern formation during epidural spinal cord stimulation in decerebrated and chronically spinal cord transected cats have been investigated. The features of the stepping performance in hindlimb muscles depending on the parameters of epidural stimulation and afferent input were determined. It was shown that, at nonoptimal parameters of stimulation, stepping movements are not induced.

Electrochemical, ESR and theoretical studies of [6,6]-opened C(60)(CF(2)), cis-2-C(60)(CF(2))(2) and their anions.

Electrochemical behavior of C(60)(CF(2))(n), n = 1, 2 and C(60)(CCl(2)) has been investigated. [6,6]-Opened C(60)(CF(2)) and cis-2-C(60)(CF(2))(2) exhibit reversible reductions at potentials 150 and 145 mV more positive than C(60), unlike the related [6,6]-closed C(60)(CCl(2)), which shows reduction at the potential close to that for C(60). The structures, electron localization and lifetimes of the observed radical anions C(60)(CF(2))(-*) and cis-2-C(60)(CF(2))(2)(-*) have been elucidated by the ESR study and DFT calculations.

Initiation of locomotor activity in spinal cats by epidural stimulation of the spinal cord.

Acute and chronic experiments on lower spinal (T10-T12) cats were performed to investigate the effects of epidural stimulation of the dorsal surface of the spinal cord on the initiation of locomotor activity. A zone located at the border between segments L4 and L5 was identified, stimulation of which induces locomotor activity. The parameters of epidural stimulation of the spinal cord effective in activating the stepping movement generator were identified.

Control of locomotor activity in humans and animals in the absence of supraspinal influences.

Electrical epidural stimulation of the dorsal surface of the spinal cord at the level of the second lumbar segment induced step-like movements accompanied by the corresponding electromyographic activity in the leg muscles in patients lacking supraspinal influences as a result of vertebral trauma. Triggering of stepping movements was shown to occur with particular stimulation parameters. The results provide evidence that in humans, as in other mammals, the spinal cord contains a network of interneurons acting as generators of stepping movements and producing coordinated patterns of movement activity.

Neither high-pass filtering nor mathematical differentiation of the EMG signals can considerably reduce cross-talk.

Using mathematical simulation of motor unit potentials (MUPs), detected by a point and rectangular plate electrode, we have shown that the muscle tissue does not act like a low-pass frequency filter on MUPs. Depending on the electrode type and its longitudinal position, the relative weight of the terminal phases (reflecting the excitation extinction) in MUPs and thus of high frequencies in the MUP power spectrum, increase with the MU depth. Therefore, high-pass filtering or differentiating signals detected neither monopolarly nor bipolarly could eliminate the cross-talk produced by high frequency components of MUPs from deep MUs.

[Initiation of locomotor activity in spinalized cats by epidural stimulation of the spinal cord].

An area initiating locomotor activity under conditions of the spinal cord surface stimulation (SCS) was found at the upper border of the lumbar enlargement (L4-5 spinal segments). Parameters of the SCS for activation of the spinal stepping generator (SSG) were identified. Activation of the SSG under the SCS was shown to occur because of interaction of the spinal and peripheral mechanisms.

[Control of the human and animal locomotor activity in the absence of supraspinal effects].

In patients deprived of supraspinal effects, electrical epidural stimulation of the spinal cord's dorsal surface at the level of 2nd lumbar segment induces step-like movements accompanied by respective electromyographic activity of the leg's muscles. Triggering of the step-like movements occurs at certain parameters of the stimulation. The data obtained suggest that human spinal cord has networks of interneurons-generators of the step-like movements.

The involvement of rostral ventromedullary neuronal structures in regulating the mechanism of formation of the respiratory rhythm in rats.

The role of neuronal structures in the rostral parts of the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata of the rat in regulating the central inspiratory activity of the respiratory center was analyzed. It is suggested that neuronal structures of the subretrofascial area, located close to the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata have direct associations with the mechanisms generating and regulating the respiratory rhythm. These have excitatory effects on neurons of the respiratory center which generate inspiratory activity.

[The level of interleukins (IL-1 and IL-2) and of IL-2R+ cells in patients with acute and chronic pyelonephritis].

It has been shown that in patients with acute pyelonephritis a spontaneous production of the interleukin IL-1 remains unchanged, while that stimulated with the aid of LPS is significantly below the norm. A spontaneous secretion of IL-2 in patients with chronic pyelonephritis has also been found unchanged, whereas in acute pyelonephritis this same parameter tends to rise above the level recordable in healthy donors. The production of this lymphokine stimulated with the aid of PhHA is significantly lower both in acute and chronic pyelonephritis.

[Participation of rostral ventral medullary neuron structures in the regulation of the respiratory rhythm mechanism in rats].

The role of neuronal structures of the rostral ventromedullary area in regulation of central inspiratory activity, was studied. The data obtained suggests that the structures of subretrofacial area are important for the respiratory rhythm generation due to regulation of excitability of the inspiratory neurons.