Community Pharmacy Personnel Understanding of Antibiotic Dispensing in Eastern Nepal.

Background: Community pharmacies are easily accessible outlets providing medicines to the general public in Nepal, but it is known that irrational dispensing of antibiotics from such outlets contributes to antimicrobial resistance.

Objective: To assess the understanding of community pharmacy personnel around antibiotic-dispensing in Eastern Nepal and the relationship between this understanding and their personal characteristics.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 312 pharmacy personnel working in community pharmacies of three districts within Eastern Nepal using a self-administered questionnaire.

Unraveling the role of the transcriptional regulator VirS in low pH-induced responses of and identification of VirS inhibitors.

The ability of to respond and adapt to various stresses such as oxygen/nitrogen radicals and low pH inside macrophages is critical for the persistence of this human pathogen inside its host. We have previously shown that an AraC/XylS-type transcriptional regulator, VirS, which is induced in low pH, is involved in remodeling the architecture of the bacterial cell envelope. However, how VirS influences gene expression to coordinate these pH responses remains unclear.

Recurrent Kawasaki Disease: A Case Report of Three Separate Episodes at >4-Year Intervals.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a self-limited systemic vasculitis, most often occurring in children 1⁻5 years old. It has a 2% recurrence rate and is associated with coronary aneurysms (CA), which can develop within two weeks of onset. A 25% increased risk is noted in patients who are recalcitrant to treatment.