DNA methylation and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review.

Objective: DNA methylation influences gene expression and function in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Mapping of T2DM-associated DNA methylation could aid early detection and/or therapeutic treatment options for diabetics.

Design: A systematic literature search for associations between T2DM and DNA methylation was performed.

Unique attributes of obesity in India: A narrative review.

Obesity has become a burgeoning epidemic in India, even though the country is still dealing with undernutrition. As a significant determinant of the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), understanding the Indian context of the problem and learning how to deal with the obesity epidemic in this country has gained paramount importance. This narrative review points to the unique features of the obesity epidemic in India and its associated contributing factors, including the evolving nature of the Indian diet, the peculiarity of the increased adiposity at lower BMIs, unique obesity-associated genetic variants in Indians, the contribution of the gut microbiome, the impact of chronic inflammation and the role of ambient air pollution, and the contribution of decreased physical activity levels concerning the rapid urbanisation and the built environment.

Variability of human fasted venous plasma metabolomic profiles with tourniquet induced hemostasis.

Venous plasma metabolomics is a potent and highly sensitive tool for identifying and measuring metabolites of interest in human health and disease. Accurate and reproducible insights from such metabolomic studies require extreme care in removing preanalytical confounders; one of these is the duration of tourniquet application when drawing the venous blood sample. Using an untargeted plasma metabolomics approach, we evaluated the effect of varying durations of tourniquet application on the variability in plasma metabolite concentrations in five healthy female subjects.

Protocol for a prospective, observational, deep phenotyping study on adipose epigenetic and lipidomic determinants of metabolic homoeostasis in South Asian Indians: the Indian Diabetes and Metabolic Health (InDiMeT) study.

Introduction: We describe the rationale and broad study design of the Indian Diabetes and Metabolic Health (InDiMeT) study, a new prospective, observational study incorporating extensive epigenetic (DNA methylation) and lipidomic signatures to examine their association with the dysregulation of adipose de novo lipogenesis (DNL) in South Asian Indians. The InDiMeT study aims to use a case-control design to identify genetic and modifiable-environmental-lifestyle associated determinants of (1) epigenomic (DNA methylome) dysregulation of adipose DNL in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) adipose tissue, (2) identify correlates of epigenomic (DNA methylome) dysregulation of adipose DNL in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from T2DM subjects and (3) elucidate plasma lipidomic correlates of adipose DNL in T2DM that can be used as biomarkers of adipose tissue dysfunction.

Methods And Analysis: The InDiMeT study will involve recruitment of 176 normoglycaemic and T2DM individuals who will be undergoing laparoscopic surgery for clinical conditions.