Assessing the feasibility of hyperpolarized Xe multiple-breath washout MRI in pediatric cystic fibrosis.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility of hyperpolarized Xe multiple-breath washout MRI in pediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) participants with preserved lung function. Fractional ventilation (r), defined as the fractional gas replacement per breath, was mapped using 2 signal models: (1) constant T and (2) variable T as a function of the hyperpolarized gas washout.

Methods: A total of 17 pediatric participants were recruited (mean age 11.

A two-center analysis of hyperpolarized Xe lung MRI in stable pediatric cystic fibrosis: Potential as a biomarker for multi-site trials.

Background: The ventilation defect percent (VDP), measured from hyperpolarized (HP) Xe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is sensitive to functional changes in cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. The purpose of this study was to measure and compare VDP from HP Xe MRI acquired at two institutions in stable pediatric CF subjects with preserved lung function.

Methods: This retrospective analysis included 26 participants from two institutions (18 CF, 8 healthy, age range 10-17).

Hyperpolarised Xe magnetic resonance imaging to monitor treatment response in children with cystic fibrosis.

Pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging using hyperpolarised Xe gas (XeMRI) can quantify ventilation inhomogeneity by measuring the percentage of unventilated lung volume (ventilation defect per cent (VDP)). While previous studies have demonstrated its sensitivity for detecting early cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease, the utility of XeMRI to monitor response to therapy in CF is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of XeMRI to capture treatment response in paediatric CF patients undergoing inpatient antibiotic treatment for a pulmonary exacerbation.

Hyperpolarized Gas Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease.

Conventional pulmonary function tests appear normal in early cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. Therefore, new diagnostic approaches are required that can detect CF lung disease in children and monitor treatment response. Hyperpolarized (HP) gas (Xe and He) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful, emergent tool for mapping regional lung function and may be well suited for studying pediatric CF.

Pulmonary ventilation visualized using hyperpolarized helium-3 and xenon-129 magnetic resonance imaging: differences in COPD and relationship to emphysema.

In subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hyperpolarized xenon-129 ((129)Xe) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals significantly greater ventilation defects than hyperpolarized helium-3 ((3)He) MRI. The physiological and/or morphological determinants of ventilation defects and the differences observed between hyperpolarized (3)He and (129)Xe MRI are not yet understood. Here we aimed to determine the structural basis for the differences in ventilation observed between (3)He and (129)Xe MRI in subjects with COPD using apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) and computed tomography (CT).

Hyperpolarized helium-3 magnetic resonance imaging of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation.

A chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exsmoker underwent pulmonary function tests and hyperpolarized helium-3 ((3) He) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) serially over 4 years, twice prior to and twice following an acute exacerbation (AE). About 2.5 years pre-AE, (3) He ventilation defect percent (VDP) was 16%, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was 0.