CT-guided cryoablation of mediastinal parathyroid adenoma: an alternative to surgery.

Primary hyperparathyroidism is most commonly caused by adenoma formation in one of the 4 parathyroid glands. The presence of ectopic parathyroid tissue is relatively common and can lead to difficulties in identification and treatment if affected by adenoma. This report describes the case of a 45-year-old female who presented 10 years status post thyroidectomy with symptomatic hyperparathyroidism and found to have ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the anterior mediastinum.

Axial melorheostosis: A rare presentation.

Melorheostosis is a rare sclerosing bone dysplasia that most commonly affects the lower extremity long bones in a sclerotomal distribution. Melorheostosis of the spine is a particularly rare manifestation of this disease. In the appendicular skeleton, melorheostosis has a pathognomonic imaging appearance of flowing hyperostosis resembling melted candle wax flowing down the margins of a candlestick.

Contributions of the complementarity determining regions to the thermal stability of a single-domain antibody.

Single domain antibodies (sdAbs) are the recombinantly-expressed variable domain from camelid (or shark) heavy chain only antibodies and provide rugged recognition elements. Many sdAbs possess excellent affinity and specificity; most refold and are able to bind antigen after thermal denaturation. The sdAb A3, specific for the toxin Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), shows both sub-nanomolar affinity for its cognate antigen (0.