Mitral valve repair in children with rheumatic heart disease.

Purpose: Rheumatic heart disease is the most common acquired heart disease in children in developing countries. The heart valve lesions produce severe hemodynamic changes due to scarring of the valves over time. Around 15.

Left isomerism with bilateral superior vena cava, interrupted inferior vena cava and tetralogy of Fallot.

The association of left isomerism with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is rare and reported as scattered case reports. Complex congenital cardiac and noncardiac malformations are known to be associated with left isomerism, but right-sided obstructive lesions are rare. We present our experience with a case of left isomerism with bilateral superior vena cava, interrupted inferior vena cava, and TOF managed by atrial septation and intracardiac repair.

Pulmonary root translocation and Senning procedure for congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries with pulmonary stenosis: a case report.

Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGAs) is a condition, which includes atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordant connections along with ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonary stenosis (PS), or pulmonary atresia (PA). Without treatment, progressive systemic ventricular failure begins, which is followed by sudden cardiac death by the fourth or fifth decade. We report a case of a 4-year-old with CCTGA, VSD, and PS operated by Senning procedure and pulmonary root translocation (PRT) with uneventful postoperative recovery.

Audit of homograft valve bank.

Introduction: Even today, the search for the ideal cardiac valve continues. With advantages of having superior flow dynamics, avoidance of anticoagulation, and resistance to infection, homograft has been shown to have an edge over conventional prosthetic and bioprosthetic valves. But they suffer from disadvantages of limited availability and durability.

New Tools and Connections for Exponential-Time Approximation.

In this paper, we develop new tools and connections for . In this setting, we are given a problem instance and an integer , and the goal is to design an approximation algorithm with the fastest possible running time. We give randomized algorithms that establish an approximation ratio of for maximum independent set in time, for chromatic number in time, for minimum vertex cover in time, and for minimum -hypergraph vertex cover in time.

Left Bidirectional Cavopulmonary Connection in Raghib's Defect: Report of 5 Cases and Review of Literature.

We report five male patients aged 3, 6, 8, 10, and 15 years, respectively, undergoing left bidirectional cavopulmonary connection and concomitant Dacron patch closure of the atrial septal defect for Raghib's defect with persistent left superior vena cava. The circulation was successfully corrected. This extracardiac procedure uses only autogenous tissues having growth potential, reduces myocardial ischemia, and avoids later baffle deterioration with pulmonary venous obstruction associated with intra-atrial baffling procedures.

Anatomical Variations of Cerebral MR Venography: Is Gender Matter?

Purpose: Knowledge of variations in the cerebral dural venous sinus anatomy seen on magnetic resonance (MR) venography is essential to avoid over-diagnosis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). Very limited data is available on gender difference of the cerebral dural venous sinus anatomy variations.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to study the normal anatomy of the intracranial venous system and its normal variation, as depicted by 3D MR venography, in normal adults and any gender-related differences.

Approximating Vector Scheduling: Almost Matching Upper and Lower Bounds.

We consider the Vector Scheduling problem, a natural generalization of the classical makespan minimization problem to multiple resources. Here, we are given jobs, represented as -dimensional vectors in , and identical machines, and the goal is to assign the jobs to machines such that the maximum of each machine over all the coordinates is at most 1. For fixed , the problem admits an approximation scheme, and the best known running time is where ( suppresses polylogarithmic terms in ).

Detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in peripheral arterial beds with B-mode ultrasound: a proposal for guiding the decision for medical intervention and an artifact-corrected volumetric scoring index.

Objectives: To assess subclinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) using B-mode ultrasound, with special emphasis on the incremental value of performing imaging in multiple peripheral arteries, and to compare imaging findings with traditional risk factors for medical intervention eligibility.

Methods: Data from 2 asymptomatic cohorts from India with unknown ASCVD risk factors were compared to 2 cohorts from North America with known ASCVD risk factors. Carotid and iliofemoral arteries of the Indian cohorts were examined with automated ultrasound in a high-pace environment by non-experts.

Recent advances in imaging technologies in dentistry.

Dentistry has witnessed tremendous advances in all its branches over the past three decades. With these advances, the need for more precise diagnostic tools, specially imaging methods, have become mandatory. From the simple intra-oral periapical X-rays, advanced imaging techniques like computed tomography, cone beam computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound have also found place in modern dentistry.

Evaluation of the effect of scleral buckling on the anterior chamber angle using ASOCT.

Purpose: To evaluate the change in anterior chamber angle parameters after scleral buckling surgery using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT).

Methods: Fifty-five phakic eyes of 55 subjects undergoing scleral buckling with the placement of an encircling band for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were included in this study. Anterior chamber angle assessment was performed using ASOCT.

Schizencephaly of open and closed lip type in the same patient: An extremely rare occurrence.

Neuronal migration defects are rare causes of seizure disorder and developmental problems. Schizencephaly the most severe form is an extremely rare entity. Here a rare case of bilateral schizencephaly (open and closed type in the same patient) is reported.

Mechanisms of transcriptional modulation of the human anion exchanger SLC26A3 gene expression by IFN-{gamma}.

Two members of the SLC26 gene family, SLC26A3 or DRA (downregulated in adenoma) and SLC26A6 (putative anion transporter 1, PAT1), are known to play a major role in apical Cl(-)/OH(-) (HCO(3)(-)) exchange process in the human intestine. We have previously shown the inhibitory effects of IFN-gamma (30 ng/ml, 24 h) on both SLC26A3 and A6 expression and promoter activity. We also demonstrated that the effects of IFN-gamma on SLC26A6 gene expression were mediated via IRF-1 transcription factor.