Severe vascular complications after derotational osteotomy of the tibia salvaged with free functional latissimus dorsi muscle transfer. A case report.

We present a case study of a 26-year-old male who sustained severe vascular and neurogenic injury during derotational osteotomy of the tibia. Directly postoperatively he complained of a drop foot, but 3 days later presented with an ischemic compartment syndrome of the anterior and lateral compartments. After debridement the osteotomy and metalware were exposed and the patient had a drop foot.

Genital gender-affirming surgery for transgender women.

Transgender women may opt for genital gender-affirming surgery (gGAS), which comprises bilateral orchiectomy, gender-affirming vulvoplasty, or vaginoplasty. Vaginoplasty is chosen most frequently in this population, penile inversion vaginoplasty being the surgical gold standard. In selected cases, skin graft vaginoplasty, intestinal vaginoplasty, or peritoneal vaginoplasty may be indicated.

Vulvar cancer in hidradenitis suppurativa.

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a debilitating disorder characterized by chronic inflammation in intertriginous areas. Malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is rare and is mostly diagnosed in the perianal area in men. The clinical behavior of SCC in HS can be aggressive, with local invasion and distant metastases.

Gold nanoparticles with tailored size through ligand modification for catalytic applications.

The active sites of catalysts can be tuned by using appropriate organic moieties. Here, we describe a facile approach to synthesise gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using various Au(I) precursors. The core size of these AuNPs can be precisely tailored by varying the steric hindrance imposed by bound ligands.

Functional Outcomes of Nerve Allografts Seeded with Undifferentiated and Differentiated Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Defect Model.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells have the potential to produce neurotrophic growth factors and establish a supportive microenvironment for neural regeneration. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of undifferentiated and differentiated mesenchymal stem cells dynamically seeded onto decellularized nerve allografts on functional outcomes when used in peripheral nerve repair.

Methods: In 80 Lewis rats, a 10-mm sciatic nerve defect was reconstructed with (1) autograft, (2) decellularized allograft, (3) decellularized allograft seeded with undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells, or (4) decellularized allograft seeded with mesenchymal stem cells differentiated into Schwann cell-like cells.

Precisely Engineered Supported Gold Clusters as a Stable Catalyst for Propylene Epoxidation.

Designing a stable and selective catalyst with high H utilisation is of pivotal importance for the direct gas-phase epoxidation of propylene. This work describes a facile one-pot methodology to synthesise ligand-stabilised sub-nanometre gold clusters immobilised onto a zeolitic support (TS-1) to engineer a stable Au/TS-1 catalyst. A non-thermal O plasma technique is used for the quick removal of ligands with limited increase in particle size.

The Bilateral Pedicled Epilated Scrotal Flap: A Powerful Adjunctive for Creation of More Neovaginal Depth in Penile Inversion Vaginoplasty.

Background: Penile inversion vaginoplasty is a commonly performed genital gender-affirming procedure in transgender women. The creation of an adequate functional neovaginal depth in cases of too little usable penile skin is a challenge. The bilateral pedicled epilated scrotal flap (BPES-flap) can be used as an easy adjunctive technique and may serve as a tool in the surgical armamentarium of the gender surgeon.

Gene expression and growth factor analysis in early nerve regeneration following segmental nerve defect reconstruction with a mesenchymal stromal cell-enhanced decellularized nerve allograft.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the molecular mechanisms underlying nerve repair by a decellularized nerve allograft seeded with adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and compare it to the unseeded allograft and autograft nerve.

Methods: Undifferentiated MSCs were seeded onto decellularized nerve allografts and used to reconstruct a 10 mm gap in a rat sciatic nerve model. Gene expression profiles of genes essential for nerve regeneration and immunohistochemical staining (IHC) for PGP9.

An Analysis of Aesthetic Refinements in 120 Secondary Cleft Rhinoplasties.

Background: Secondary cleft nose rhinoplasty remains a challenging procedure. Cartilage memory and scar contraction are problematic factors. The need for more detailed procedures for secondary reconstruction in this patient population has arisen.

Application of hydrosurgery for burn wound debridement: An 8-year cohort analysis.

Introduction: During the last decade, the Versajet™ hydrosurgery system has become popular as a tool for tangential excision in burn surgery. Although hydrosurgery is thought to be a more precise and controlled manner for burn debridement prior to skin grafting, burn specialists decide individually whether hydrosurgery should be applied in a specific patient or not. The aim of this study was to gain insight in which patients hydrosurgery is used in specialized burn care in the Netherlands.

Long-term scar quality after hydrosurgical versus conventional debridement of deep dermal burns (HyCon trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Deep dermal burns require tangential excision of non-viable tissue and skin grafting to improve wound healing and burn-scar quality. Tangential excision is conventionally performed with a knife, but during the last decade hydrosurgery has become popular as a new tool for tangential excision. Hydrosurgery is generally thought to be a more precise and controlled manner of burn debridement leading to preservation of viable tissue and, therefore, better scar quality.

Ultrasound assessment of the sural nerve in patients with neuropathic pain after ankle surgery.

Introduction: The sural nerve may be damaged after ankle injury. The aim of our study was to determine the diagnostic utility of high-resolution sonography in patients with ankle fractures treated by open reduction and internal fixation in whom there was a clinical suspicion of sural neuropathy.

Methods: We examined the ultrasound (US) characteristics of patients with and without postsurgical sural neuropathic pain and healthy volunteers.

High Prevalence of Chronic Pain With Neuropathic Characteristics After Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Ankle Fractures.

Background: Unstable ankle fractures require treatment with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Long-term functional outcome is satisfying in most patients; however, a number of patients have persistent complaints. Superficial nerve complications following ankle surgery may be the cause of chronic pain and disability.

Optimizing decellularization techniques to create a new nerve allograft: an in vitro study using rodent nerve segments.

OBJECTIVE Commercially available processed nerve allografts have been shown to be inferior to autografts in previous animal studies. The authors hypothesized that combining different processing and storage techniques will result in improved nerve ultrastructure preservation, lower immunogenicity, and minimized cellular debris. Different processing protocols were evaluated using chemical detergents, enzymes, and irradiation, with the addition the of enzyme elastase, were used.

Rotational Advancement in Cleft Nose Rhinoplasty - Buccal Mucosal Grafts Serve as a Powerful Tool.

Objective: Our aim was to analyze our technique of a modified rotational advancement in conjunction with buccal mucosal grafts (BMGs) in a subgroup of severe cleft cases.

Design: A retrospective clinical and photographic evaluation was conducted. Columella angle (CA) and tip projection (TPR) served as instruments in a photometric analysis.

Motor Nerve Recovery in a Rabbit Model: Description and Validation of a Noninvasive Ultrasound Technique.

Purpose: To develop and validate a noninvasive ultrasound technique for the longitudinal analysis of functional recovery after segmental peroneal nerve reconstruction in a rabbit model.

Methods: Twelve male New Zealand White rabbits underwent a 1-cm peroneal nerve autograft reconstruction. Ultrasound measurements were performed before surgery and at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks postoperatively.

Noninvasive Ultrasound of the Tibial Muscle for Longitudinal Analysis of Nerve Regeneration in Rats.

Background: Today's criterion standards for measuring functional recovery after nerve trauma in experimental studies are the muscle mass ratio and the isometric tetanic force; both tests are invasive and require a sacrificial procedure. The authors propose ultrasound as a noninvasive method to determine muscle atrophy, and evaluate its validity and reliability by comparing it to muscle mass ratio, isometric tetanic force, and histology.

Methods: Fifty rats sustained a 10-mm autograft sciatic nerve reconstruction.

Long-term follow-up of peptidergic and nonpeptidergic reinnervation of the epidermis following sciatic nerve reconstruction in rats.

Object: Peripheral nerve injuries are a commonly encountered clinical problem and often result in long-term functional deficits. The current gold standard for transected nerves is an end-to-end reconstruction, which results in the intermittent appearance of neuropathic pain.

Methods: To improve our understanding of the relation between this type of reconstruction and neuropathic pain, the authors transected and immediately end-to-end reconstructed the sciatic nerve in rats.

Ultrasonographic quantification of intrinsic hand muscle cross-sectional area; reliability and validity for predicting muscle strength.

Objective: To investigate whether ultrasonographic measurement of the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the intrinsic hand muscles can be used to predict muscle strength in a valid and reliable manner, and to determine if this method can be used for follow-up of patients with peripheral nerve injury between the wrist and elbow.

Design: Repeated-measures cross-sectional study.

Setting: Clinical and academic hospital.

Prognostic factors for outcome after median, ulnar, and combined median-ulnar nerve injuries: a prospective study.

Background: A major problem in the surgical treatment of peripheral nerve injuries of the upper extremities is the unpredictable final outcome. More insight and understanding of the prognostic factors is necessary to improve functional outcome after repair of the peripheral nerves. The objective of this study was to identify prognostic factors for the functional recovery of peripheral nerve injury of the forearm and their independent contribution in the outcome in the first year after reconstruction.

Carbon-coated ceramic membrane reactor for the production of hydrogen by aqueous-phase reforming of sorbitol.

Hydrogen was produced by aqueous-phase reforming (APR) of sorbitol in a carbon-on-alumina tubular membrane reactor (4 nm pore size, 7 cm long, 3 mm internal diameter) that allows the hydrogen gas to permeate to the shell side, whereas the liquid remains in the tube side. The hydrophobic nature of the membrane serves to avoid water loss and to minimize the interaction between the ceramic support and water, thus reducing the risks of membrane degradation upon operation. The permeation of hydrogen is dominated by the diffusivity of the hydrogen in water.

The effect of stem cells in bridging peripheral nerve defects: a meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: OBJECT.: For decades the gold standard for reconstructing a large peripheral nerve defect has been, and remains, the nerve autograft. Alternatives to the nerve autograft include biological conduits and vessels.

An experimental study to determine and correlate choline acetyltransferase assay with functional muscle testing after nerve injury.

OBJECT Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) is an enzyme synthesized within the body of a motor neuron whose role is to form the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Quantification of ChAT levels in motor or mixed nerves has been proposed to provide information regarding the viability of a proximal nerve stump for motor neurotization following brachial plexus injury. To do so requires information regarding normal ChAT levels and those in injured nerves, as well as the correlation of ChAT level determined at surgery with eventual motor recovery.