An Experimental Study on Design and Fabrication of Sports Laminate Mouthguard for Protection Against Intraoral Injuries.

Background/aim: Sports mouthguard should be designed and fabricated adequately. The purpose was to propose a criterion for fabricating sports laminate mouthguard with adequate thickness for protect orofacial structures.

Materials And Methods: Ethylene vinyl acetate sheet (Sports Mouthguard) was fabricated using a pressure former.

Sublobar resection for metachronous stage I second primary non-small cell lung cancer: A single-centre experience.

Introduction: More patients are developing second primary lung cancer (SPLC). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the extent of SPLC resection on outcomes.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively investigated 1,895 patients with lung cancer who underwent pulmonary resection from 2011 to 2018.

[TWO CASES OF ALLERGY WITH MUNG BEAN SPROUTS].

Patient 1 was a female patient in her teens who presented with swelling of the lips and oral discomfort after consuming mung bean sprouts. She had a history of this reaction since the age of 6 years and showed positive on a prick-to-prick test for mung bean sprouts. Patient 2 was a male patient in his twenties who also showed positive for mung bean sprouts as well as soybean sprout.

[Surgical Procedure and Perioperative Outcomes of Three-port Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Thymectomy for Thymoma, Including en-bloc Resection of Adjacent Organs].

This report discusses the treatment and outcomes of three-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) thymectomy for thymoma. We reviewed perioperative results of 159 thymoma cases( excluding thymic carcinoma) over 16 years. Thoracoscopic surgery was indicated for Masaoka stagesⅠ to Ⅲ, tumor diameter up to 12 cm, and resection of surrounding organs up to the lung, pericardium+reconstruction, internal thoracic artery and vein, left brachiocephalic vein, and phrenic nerve+reconstruction.

Impact of postoperative remote infection on length of stay and medical costs in hospitals in Japan.

Purpose: To analyze the impact of postoperative remote infections (PRIs) on medical expenditure.

Methods: The subjects of this retrospective study were 338 patients who had undergone gastroenterological surgery at one of the 20 Japanese institutions within the Japan Society for Surgical Infection (JSSI) and mainly authorized as educational institutions. The patients were allocated to 169 pairs of those with a PRI (PRI (+) group) matched with those without a PRI (PRI (-) group).

Association of Respiratory Tract Infection after Gastroenterological Surgery with Postoperative Duration of Hospitalization and Medical Expenses: Subanalysis of Data from a Multicenter Study.

Background: Postoperative infections can be classified as surgical site infections and remote infections. Postoperative respiratory tract infections (PRTI) are a type of remote infection and may be associated with prolonged hospitalization and increased medical expenses. This study compared postoperative duration of hospitalization and medical expenses between patients with and without PRTI after gastrointestinal surgery.

Postoperative Infection after Colorectal Surgery: Subanalysis of Data from the 2015 Japan Postoperative Infectious Complications Survey.

Background: Most surveillance programs for postoperative infection focus on surgical site infections (SSI). However, postoperative remote infections are of emerging clinical importance. Using data from a multicenter survey administered to patients who underwent gastrointestinal surgery, we investigated the incidence of SSI and remote infection after colorectal surgery.

Successful perioperative infection control measures after gastroenterological surgery reduced the number of cases of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection to almost zero over a 30-year period: a single-department experience.

Purpose: To investigate changes in the incidence of postoperative infections in the surgical department of a teaching hospital.

Methods: During the 30-year period from September 1987 to August 2017, 11,568 gastroenterological surgical procedures were performed in our surgical department. This 30-year period was divided into seven periods (A-G), ranging from 2 to 7 years each and based on the infection control methods used in each period.

Current status of post-operative infections due to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria after digestive tract surgery in Japan: Japan Postoperative Infectious Complications Survey in 2015 (JPICS'15).

Purpose: We herein report the findings of the Japan Postoperative Infectious Complication Survey in 2015 (JPICS'15), which evaluated the rate of post-operative infections and colonization due to antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria after digestive tract surgery.

Methods: This survey by the Japan Society of Surgical Infection included patients undergoing digestive tract surgery at 28 centers between September 2015 and March 2016. Data included patient background characteristics, type of surgery, contamination status, and type of post-operative infections, including surgical site infections (SSIs), remote infections (RIs), and colonization.

Current status of postoperative infections after digestive surgery in Japan: The Japan Postoperative Infectious Complications Survey in 2015.

Aim: To survey postoperative infections (PI) after digestive surgery.

Methods: This survey, conducted by the Japan Society of Surgical Infection, included patients undergoing digestive surgery at 28 centers between September 2015 and March 2016. Data collected included patient background characteristics, type of surgery, contamination status, and type of PI, including surgical site infection (SSI), remote infection (RI), and antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacterial infections and colonization.

Collaborative study of thresholds for mutagens: proposal of a typical protocol for detection of hormetic responses in cytotoxicity tests.

Background: According to the linear no-threshold model (LNT), even the smallest amount of radiation is hazardous. Although the LNT is not based on solid data, this hypothesis has been applied to mutagens and carcinogens. As a result, it has been postulated that there are no thresholds for these chemicals.

[Antigenic analysis of patients with asthma contracting by exposure to different species of pet hamsters].

Background: Hamster-specific IgE antibodies as measured by currently available CAP-RAST tests are used to diagnose allergies associated with exposure to pet hamsters. Among patients with asthma attributed to hamsters, only about 60% are positive for hamster-specific IgE antibodies. We examined whether the results of CAP-RAST tests are related to differences in species-related antigens.

Clinical evaluation of response to long-term treatment with Pranlukast in patients with bronchial asthma.

Background: Short-term treatment with pranlukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, has shown to be effective for the management of asthma. The effectiveness and safety of long-term treatment with pranlukast remains to be established.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of pranlukast on morning peak expiratory flow rates (PEFRs), the diurnal variation of these values, and disease severity.

Thirty cases of bronchial asthma associated with exposure to pet hamsters.

Background: The identification, isolation, and elimination of allergen(s) causing bronchial asthma are the most efficient form of treatment. The pet industry has diversified recently, increasing the risk of exposure of pet owners to many unknown antigens. We clinically studied the characteristics of asthma associated with exposure to pet hamsters.

Role of mRNA expression of transcription factors in glucocorticoid sensitivity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and disease state in rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: To investigate the mechanisms underlying glucocorticoid (GC) resistance in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we evaluated the suppressive effects of prednisolone (PSL) or methylprednisolone (MPSL) on the blastogenesis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). We also measured the expression of mRNA for transcription factors [GC receptor-alpha (GRalpha) and activator protein-1] known to be involved in the exertion of GC effects.

Methods: Twenty-six patients with RA and 17 healthy subjects were studied.

Adrenal function as assessed by low-dose adrenocorticotropin hormone test before and after switching from inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate to inhaled fluticasone propionate.

Low-dose adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) tests (0.5 microg/L 73 m2) were done before and after switching from inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate to inhaled fluticasone propionate in 12 patients 33-77 years old who had mild-to-severe asthma to compare the effects of these drugs on adrenal function. Low-dose ACTH tests were performed after the subjects had received inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate (200-900 microg/day) for at least 12 wk.

Inhibitory effects of D2 agonists by striatal injection on excessive release of dopamine and hyperactivity induced by Bay K 8644 in rats.

We investigated by means of behavioral and neurochemical studies the effects of either D(1) or D(2) agonist on excessive dopamine release and hyperactivity induced by the microinjection of Bay K 8644, and an L-type Ca(2+) channel stimulant, into the rat caudate putamen under a novel environmental condition. Hyperactivity (locomotor activity and rearing counts) and significant increases in extracellular dopamine levels induced by Bay K 8644 were concomitantly observed. D(1) agonist, SKF81297, administered into the caudate putamen did not block Bay K 8644-induced hyperactivity measured by monitoring both animal activity and increases in extracellular dopamine levels detected by microdialysis.