Experiences of siblings of children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: a qualitative systematic review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to explore the experiences of siblings of children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.

Introduction: With improved life expectancy of children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities, the research focus is on care at home and in the community. Although parents are the primary caregivers, siblings often assume the role of young caregivers, bearing the weight of caregiving responsibilities.

Supporters' experiences of sensory characteristics of children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities in after-school daycare centres: A qualitative study.

Aim: To examine how supporters working at after-school daycare centres, who are involved in the lives of children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities in the community, pay attention to the sensory characteristics of these children and provide support.

Design: A qualitative descriptive design.

Methods: Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 supporters in after-school daycare centres.

Consensus on the items for early identification of unmet psychosocial needs of siblings of children with cancer and blood disease: A modified Delphi method.

Aim: To reach a consensus on question items for early identification of unmet psychosocial needs of school-aged siblings of children with cancer and blood disease.

Design: Modified Delphi method.

Methods: Twenty-three studies were reviewed to extract question items, which were classified into seven categories.

The Association between Electroencephalography with Auditory Steady-State Response and Postoperative Delirium.

Delirium is a disorder of consciousness and a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction and poor prognosis. We hypothesized that preoperative gamma activities would be linked to postoperative delirium. We enrolled 71 subjects for elective surgery and recorded auditory steady-state response (ASSR) by electroencephalography (EEG) before the surgery and examined postoperative delirium with DSM-5.

Hospital Support for Siblings of Children With Illness in Japan.

Recent years have seen increased attention to the needs and support of siblings of children with chronic illness, and reports of intervention studies on siblings are gradually increasing worldwide. In Japan, the basic policy approved by the Cabinet in 2021 of The Basic Law for Child and Maternal Health and Development stipulates promoting support for the siblings of children with chronic illness, medical care, and disabilities. Simultaneously, practical reports are emerging.

Children's psychosocial and behavioural consequences during their siblings' hospitalisation: A qualitative content analysis from caregivers' perspectives.

Aims And Objectives: This study aimed to comprehensively describe the psychosocial and behavioural consequences experienced by siblings of hospitalised children from the caregivers' perspective.

Background: After children are diagnosed with a major illness, their siblings may begin to exhibit psychological and behavioural problems, coupled with decreased quality of life.

Design: This study employed qualitative content analysis to describe the perspectives of 147 caregivers of siblings of hospitalised children, following the COREQ guidelines.

Differences in specific concerns perceived by parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate based on the types of cleft.

Background: Parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) have concerns including guilt and worry. Differences in concerns by cleft type is, however, under-researched.

Aim: To compare differences in perceived concerns among parents of children with CL/P by cleft type, adjusting for children's gender and age.

Effectiveness of a Volunteer Training Program on the Learning Support of Children in Hospice Palliative Care.

Background: Volunteers are expected to play a key role in children's hospice. However, there is a lack of information about how to cultivate effective volunteer training programs.

Objective: To verify the effect of a training program on volunteers' confidence in providing learning support and sharing experiences with children with life-threatening conditions and their families in a children's hospice.

Resilience and difficulties of parents of children with a cleft lip and palate.

Aim: The present study explored the differences in emotional difficulties and resilience between fathers and mothers of a child with a cleft lip and palate.

Methods: Married couples were recruited who were accompanying their child with a cleft lip and palate (<12 years old) on regular visits to an outpatient clinic in a Japanese hospital. The participants were distributed an anonymous questionnaire that included items regarding emotional difficulties with the cleft lip and palate and a scale to measure resilience when caring for the children.

Related Variables of Behavioral and Emotional Problems and Personal Growth of Hospitalized Children's Siblings: Mothers' and Other Main Caregivers' Perspectives.

The psychological well-being of the siblings of hospitalized children is at risk. This study examined the variables related to siblings' internalizing problems and personal growth during hospitalization from the perspectives of mothers and other main caregivers who temporarily assumed the main caregiver role to the siblings of hospitalized children in place of mothers in the period of children's hospitalization. A cross-sectional, exploratory survey conducted in Japan examined 113 mothers' and 90 other main caregivers' perspectives regarding the psychological state of 2- to 18-year-old siblings of hospitalized children.

High Proton Conduction in Crystalline Composites Based on Preyssler-Type Polyoxometalates and Polymers under Nonhumidified or Humidified Conditions.

Keggin-type polyoxometalate (POM)-based compounds have long been considered as one of the environmentally friendly candidates of solid electrolytes exhibiting high proton conductivity under high relative humidity (RH >95%). However, their application has been limited by the lack of structural stability and large decrease in conductivity with a slight decrease in RH. In order to overcome these disadvantages, we report a series of crystalline composites based on Preyssler-type POMs ([Na(HO)PWO], [Bi(HO)PWO]), which are known to show higher acidity in comparison to Keggin-type POMs, and polymers (polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyallylamine (PAA)).

Developing the "Skippu-Mama" program for mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder.

The "Skippu-Mama" peer support program was developed to improve quality of life and reduce parental stress in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders. The program was designed to improve these variables by refreshing and healing participants' minds and bodies. Twenty-four mothers of 26 children diagnosed with ASD in Japan were included in the study and completed measures of quality of life and parental stress before, during, and after participation in the Skippu-Mama program.

A functional mesoporous ionic crystal based on polyoxometalate.

A mesoporous ionic crystal is synthesized with a polyoxometalate and a macrocation with polar cyano groups. The compound possesses one-dimensional mesopores with an opening of 3.0 × 2.

Predictors of maternal state anxiety on arrival at a Japanese hospital outpatient clinic: a cross-sectional study.

Aims And Objectives: To identify the factors that predict maternal state anxiety when mothers and their sick children visit the outpatient unit of a paediatric hospital.

Background: While previous studies have focused on predictors of anxiety in mothers with ill children, the existing literature is limited in study design, research timing, respondent characteristics, sample size and data analysis.

Design: A cross-sectional design with self-administered questionnaires.

Effectiveness of aromatherapy in decreasing maternal anxiety for a sick child undergoing infusion in a paediatric clinic.

Objectives: We examined whether aromatherapy involving inhalation of yuzu (Citrus ichangensis×Citrus reticulata) oil was effective in decreasing mothers' anxiety for her sick child receiving an infusion at a paediatric clinic.

Design: Controlled clinical trial.

Setting: Mothers of sick children who arrived at the hospital were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire.

[Case of pulmonary edema and transient heart failure during difficult airway management].

Many kinds of side effects are likely to occur while managing difficult airway. This article describes a case of a man who fell into pulmonary edema and heart failure during the difficult airway management. He was to undergo arthroscopic surgery on his knee.

Nicorandil, an adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel opener, inhibits muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases in PC12 cells.

Background: Nicorandil, an adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel opener, is reported to have an antinociceptive effect by hyperpolarization through the K(+) channel. The activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), a family of mitogen-activated protein kinases, plays an important role in synaptic plasticity and noxious stimulation in the dorsal root ganglion, and spinal neurons have been reported to induce its activation. To understand the biological mechanisms of nicorandil, we examined the effects of nicorandil on muscarinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor-mediated activation of ERK in a neuronal model cell, rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells.

[A case of child obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) improved by bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP)].

A 5-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital because of severe obesity and disordered breathing with snoring during sleep. Child OHS was diagnosed using polysomnography (PSG). Although he was treated initially with nasal CPAP, it was not acceptable to him.

Influence of mutations and size of multimers in type II von Willebrand disease upon the function of von Willebrand factor.

We compared the properties of plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) from normal individuals and from two patients with type IIA (Glu875Lys) and type IIB (duplication of Met 540) von Willebrand disease (vWD) with the corresponding fully multimerized recombinant proteins. We included cryosupernatant from normal human plasma and type IIA plasma (Cys509Arg). Functions of vWF were analyzed by binding assays to platelets in the presence of ristocetin or botrocetin.

Studies on anti-von Willebrand factor (vWF) monoclonal antibody NMC-4, which inhibits both ristocetin- and botrocetin-induced vWF binding to platelet glycoprotein Ib.

Anti-von Willebrand factor (vWF) monoclonal antibody NMC-4 completely inhibited vWF binding to platelet glycoprotein (GP) lb induced by either ristocetin or botrocetin at an IgG concentration of approximately 10 micrograms/mL, and also blocked binding of asialo-vWF to GP lb. NMC-4 coupled beads isolated a 97-Kd fragment (Fr) from a whole tryptic digest of vWF. The N-terminal sequencing of the nonreduced 97-Kd Fr, in combination with amino acid analysis, showed it to be a homodimer of residues 449 through 728 of the constituent subunit.

Enhanced botrocetin-induced type IIB von Willebrand factor binding to platelet glycoprotein Ib initiates hyperagglutination of normal platelets.

Botrocetin, a protein isolated from the venom of the snake Bothrops jararaca, induces platelet aggregation/agglutination by von Willebrand factor (vWF) binding to the membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ib, an action resembling that of ristocetin. However, some differences in the interaction between vWF and platelet GPIb induced by these two substances have been reported. We have recently shown that the GPIb binding domain on the vWF molecule, in both instances, resides in the tryptic 52/48 kDa fragment extending from amino acid residue 449 to 728 of the constituent subunit.

Blood clotting factor IX Kashihara: amino acid substitution of valine-182 by phenylalanine.

Hemophilia B Kashihara is a severe hemorrhagic disorder in which the factor IX antigen is present in normal amounts but factor IX biological activity is markedly reduced. In addition, purified factor IX Kashihara is not activated by purified factor XIa in the presence of calcium ions. Amino acid sequence analysis of one of the tryptic peptides isolated from factor IX Kashihara indicated that Val-182 (equivalent to Val-17 in the chymotrypsin numbering system) had been replaced by Phe.

[Intracranial hemorrhage associated with aplastic anemia].

Intracranial hemorrhage is a fatal complication associated with aplastic anemia. We have encountered four patients who experienced six episodes of intracranial hemorrhage (intracerebral hemorrhage; 3, subarachnoid hemorrhage; 2, and subdural hematoma; 1,). Intracranial hemorrhage occurred without traumatic episodes, and was followed by frequent hemorrhagic episodes in other parts of about one year duration.

Protein C in the neonatal period.

Protein-C activity and antigen were measured in 141 full-term infants during the first month of life. The levels of both protein-C activity and antigen were about one third the level for normal adults in cord blood, and significantly lower than the cord blood during the 1st to 2nd days of life. They increased with age progressively, but did not reach the lowest limit in normal adults even in the first month.