Conjugated fatty acids drive ferroptosis through chaperone-mediated autophagic degradation of GPX4 by targeting mitochondria.

Conjugated fatty acids (CFAs) have been known for their anti-tumor activity. However, the mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we identify CFAs as inducers of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) degradation through chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA).

Peroxisomal β-oxidation enzyme, DECR2, regulates lipid metabolism and promotes treatment resistance in advanced prostate cancer.

Background: Peroxisomes are central metabolic organelles that have key roles in fatty acid homoeostasis. As prostate cancer (PCa) is particularly reliant on fatty acid metabolism, we explored the contribution of peroxisomal β-oxidation (perFAO) to PCa viability and therapy response.

Methods: Bioinformatic analysis was performed on clinical transcriptomic datasets to identify the perFAO enzyme, 2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 2 (DECR2) as a target gene of interest.

[Role of weighted maximum intensity projection with MDCT in the diagnosis of skull fractures].

The method of image processing has increased along with the workstation in recent years and developments in the software of each modality. Maximum intensity projection (MIP) and volume rendering (VR) are among the general processing methods used. However, MIP and VR have their respective limitations.

Effect of prophylactic treatment with intravesical epirubicin on recurrence of superficial bladder cancer--The 6th Trial of the Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group (JUCRG): a randomized trial of intravesical epirubicin at dose of 20mg/40ml, 30mg/40ml, 40mg/40ml.

Objectives: We compared the prophylactic efficacy and safety of epirubicin (EPI) in primary superficial bladder cancer.

Methods: The major inclusion criteria were primary superficial bladder tumour (Ta, T1, G1, G2) and new cases of primary multiple tumours, or recurrent cases. The major exclusion criteria were Tis or G3 tumours.

[Intravesical instillation of doxorubicin or epirubicin for chemoprophylaxis of superficial bladder cancer--the fifth study of the Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group for Adriamycin/Farumorubicin].

A total of 465 patients with primary and multiple or recurrent, stages Ta and T1 superficial bladder cancer were included in this randomized multicenter trial to compare the prophylactic effect by 17 times instillation of 40 mg doxorubicin or 40 mg epirubicin with no instillation after transurethral resection of tumor(s). The primary endpoint was first recurrence after transurethral resection. Endoscopic examination as well as urinary cytology was performed in each case every three months.

Prophylactic chemotherapy with intravesical instillation of adriamycin and oral administration of 5-fluorouracil after surgery for superficial bladder cancer. The Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group for Adriamycin.

The Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group for Adriamycin has conducted a series of clinical trials to investigate the efficacy and safety of prophylactic intravesical chemotherapy for superficial bladder cancer. In the third trial, reported herein, patients with recurrent bladder cancer or multiple primary cancer were selected and randomized to one of four groups using the envelope method after complete resection of the original tumors. Group A was given Adriamycin alone, group B received oral 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), group C was given Adriamycin and oral 5-FU, and group D served as the control group.

[Combination therapy with natural type human tumor necrosis factor (MHR-24) and human lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha (MOR-22) against renal cell carcinoma--a multiclinic cooperative, early phase II study. Subcommittee on Urogenital Malignancy, Committee on MHR-24 against Tumors].

The combination therapy with natural type human tumor necrosis factor (n-TNF; MHR-24) and human lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha (n-IFN-alpha; MOR-22) was investigated for antitumor effect against renal cell carcinoma in a multiclinic cooperative study throughout Japan. The "Response criteria of Japan Society for Cancer Therapy" were followed for the handling of subjects and the evaluation of antitumor effect. MHR-24 was administered at a daily dosage of 5,000-10,000 JRU by intravenous drip and MOR-22 at a dosage of 5,000,000 IU daily was administered intramuscularly at the same time.

Long-term clinical study on luteinising hormone-releasing hormone agonist depot formulation in the treatment of stage D prostatic cancer. The TAP-144-SR Study Group.

The results of long-term administration of leuprorelin acetate depot (TAP-144-SR), a sustained-release preparation of luteinising hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonist, to 40 stage D prostate cancer patients who had had no previous hormonal therapy, have been analyzed. The drug was administered by subcutaneous injection once every four weeks at a dose of 3.75 or 7.

[Ablative and prophylactic effects of BCG Tokyo 172 strain for intravesical treatment in patients with superficial bladder cancer and carcinoma in situ of the bladder. Bladder cancer BCG Study Group].

We investigated the effects of intravesical instillation of BCG Tokyo 172 strain on patients with superficial bladder cancer and CIS of the bladder for tumor ablation and prophylaxis. This is the first controlled multicenter study for governmental approval of BCG Tokyo 172 strain for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer and CIS of the bladder. One hundred-fifty-seven patients (125 with Ta or T1, and 32 with CIS) were treated by 80 mg of BCG diluted in 40 ml of saline, once a week for 8 weeks.

Evaluation of systemic chemotherapy with methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin, and cisplatin for advanced bladder cancer. The Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group for Adriamycin.

In a cooperative study of the Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group for Adriamycin, the usefulness of chemotherapy with methotrexate, vinblastine, Adriamycin, and cisplatin (M-VAC therapy) in treating advanced or recurrent bladder cancer was examined. Evaluation of the clinical responses obtained in 86 evaluable patients revealed 13 complete responses, 29 partial responses, 4 minor responses, 19 cases of no change, and 21 cases of progressive disease. The overall response rate was 48.

The 4th study of prophylactic intravesical chemotherapy with adriamycin in the treatment of superficial bladder cancer: the experience of the Japanese Urological Cancer Research Group for Adriamycin.

A multicentric randomised trial was conducted for the purpose of investigating the efficacy of intravesical chemoprophylaxis of superficial bladder cancers. A total of 443 patients (number of evaluable patients, 284) were registered from July 1987 to December 1989 and randomised into 3 groups. Group A received 21 intravesical instillations of Adriamycin (ADM) at 20 mg/40 ml physiological saline for 2 years after undergoing transurethral resection (TUR); group B was given the same dose as group A but received 6 intravesical instillations for 2 weeks before undergoing TUR; and group C served as a control and underwent TUR only.

[Clinical study of RU 23908 (nilutamide) in prostatic cancer].

To investigate the efficacy and the safety of RU23908 for the treatment of prostatic cancer, an early phase 2 study with the oral administration of 150 or 300 mg daily was performed in 47 patients with stage C or D prostatic cancer at 15 institutions from April 1987 to June 1988. Forty patients were evaluable for efficacy. Concerning the effect on the object lesion, the results of the overall evaluation revealed that complete or partial response (CR + PR) was obtained in 34 of the 40 cases (85.

[Clinical phase III study on TAP-144-SR, an LH-RH agonist depot formulation, in patients with prostatic cancer].

A randomized controlled phase III clinical trial comparing TAP-144-SR (TAP) and diethylstilbestrol diphosphate was conducted for patients with prostatic cancer. Patients with Stage B, C, or D disease, who were previously untreated, were enrolled. TAP-144-SR 3.

[Clinical phase I and phase II study on a sustained release formulation of leuprorelin acetate (TAP-144-SR), an LH-RH agonist, in patients with prostatic carcinoma. Collaborative++ Studies on Prostatic Carcinoma by the Study Group for TAP-144-SR].

TAP-144-SR is a sustained release formulation of an LH-RH agonist, leuprorelin acetate (TAP-144), that has been newly developed in Japan. As a phase I study, a single subcutaneous dose of TAP-144-SR was given to 15 patients with prostatic cancer to investigate the safety, endocrinological effects, and serum levels of the drug. The patients were divided into four groups according to the dosage levels of 1.

Cooperative study of pirarubicin against urological cancers and future direction of its combination use. The Clinical Study Group of THP for Urological Malignant Tumors.

In the urological field, one of the most effective drugs is doxorubicin. A cooperative phase II study on pirarubicin (THP), a new anthracycline with less cardiotoxicity than doxorubicin, was performed in 14 institutions for treating urological tumors. THP was administered intravenously 3 or more times (as one course, 30-40 mg/m2 once a week, every 3 weeks or 20 mg/m2 2 consecutive days a week every 3 weeks).

Renal hypercalciuria and acidification defect in kidney stone patients.

Calcium metabolism and renal acidification ability were examined in renal stone patients. On a random diet 33 of 52 patients excreted more than 4 mg. per kg.

Intravesical treatment of bladder cancer with recombinant human interferon-beta. Intravesical GKT-beta Chemotherapy Research Group.

In order to examine its clinical efficacy, recombinant human interferon-beta (rIFN-beta) was instilled intravesically into 51 patients with superficial bladder cancer. Ten patients, who received intermittent intravesical instillation at a dose of (3-36) x 10(6) U rIFN-beta on days 1-3 every week, showed no response. Thirty-two patients received intravesical instillation at a dose of (3-36) x 10(6) U every day for 10-20 days.

[Endocrine therapy for prostatic carcinoma--the clinical trial to compare the efficacy of LH-RH analogue, ICI 118630 (Zoladex) with castration or estrogen].

A multicenter randomized clinical trial was carried out between May, 1986 and May, 1987 involving 82 patients with stage B-D prostatic carcinoma from 29 centers. The clinical efficacy, endocrine effect, safety and usefulness of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) analogue and other endocrine manipulations in the treatment of prostatic carcinoma. Zoladex depot containing 3.

Comparative investigation on use of (2''R)-4'-O-tetrahydropyranyl-adriamycin and adriamycin as intravesical chemotherapy for superficial bladder tumors.

An intravesical chemotherapeutic agent must be capable of being rapidly absorbed by the tumor cells and expressing its activity while undergoing little systemic absorption. A comparative investigation was conducted on (2''R)-4'-O-tetrahydropyranyl-doxorubicin (Adriamycin) (THP) and Adriamycin (ADM) from the above viewpoint using cultured MBT-2 and T-24 cell lines. From in vitro experimental systems, it is surmized that THP is taken up by bladder tumor cells more rapidly than ADM is, and that THP is thus able to exert its effect on the bladder tumor within a shorter time than that required by ADM.

[Clinical study on the effect of CSF-HU (colony stimulating factor human urine) on leukopenia and granulocytopenia induced by cancer chemotherapy--a double-blind study in patients with genito-urinary cancer].

The ability of CSF-HU (P-100) to inhibit and improve the leukocytopenia and granulocytopenia which occur following cancer chemotherapy was investigated in a double-blind study which included an inactive placebo. The drug was administered, 2 vials/day (8 X 10(6)U of P-100), by intravenous drip infusion consecutively for 7 days starting from the 5th day after cancer chemotherapy was initiated. The total cases included in the study numbered 261.