Metabolite profiling of chickpea () in response to necrotrophic fungus .

Introduction: Ascochyta blight (AB) caused by the necrotrophic fungus is one of the most significant diseases that limit the production of chickpea. Understanding the metabolic mechanisms underlying chickpea- interactions will provide important clues to develop novel approaches to manage this disease.

Methods: We performed metabolite profiling of the aerial tissue (leaf and stem) of two chickpea accessions comprising a moderately resistant breeding line (CICA1841) and a highly susceptible cultivar (Kyabra) in response to one of the highly aggressive Australian isolates TR9571 via non-targeted metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Furfural as a low-volume, high-value asset from agricultural residues: A review on production, agricultural applications and environmental sustainability.

This comprehensive review explores furfural production from agricultural residues, focusing on its significance as a low-volume, high-value asset crucial for environmental sustainability. It covers diverse production technologies, recent advancements, and applications in agriculture, evaluating furfural's potential to enhance crop resilience and yield. Showing its role in a circular economy, the review discusses how furfural can replace conventional petrochemical processes, thereby reducing environmental impact.

Beneath the rind: A review on the remarkable health benefits and applications of the wood apple fruit.

Groff, commonly referred to as the Wood apple, is a tropical fruit belonging to Rutaceae family. Indigenous to Sri Lanka, India, and Myanmar, it is extensively cultivated throughout Southeast Asia. This fruit holds a profound historical significance in traditional medicine due to its exceptional nutritional and therapeutic attributes.

Innovations in textile wastewater management: a review of zero liquid discharge technology.

Zero liquid discharge (ZLD) technology emerges as a transformative solution for sustainable wastewater management in the textile industry, emphasizing water recycling and discharge minimization. This review comprehensively explores ZLD's pivotal role in reshaping wastewater management practices within the textile sector. With a primary focus on water recycling and minimized discharge, the review thoroughly examines the economic and environmental dimensions of ZLD.

Immunological depiction of synthetic B-cell epitopes of .

Background: To combat the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic, the development of a better and faster diagnosis or more effective vaccine is essential. Pulmonary TB (PTB) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis of TB is difficult.

Phytochemicals, therapeutic benefits and applications of flower: A review.

is a flowering plant belonging to a genus of the dicotyledonous herbaceous annual flowering plant of the Asteraceae (Compositae) family. It is a perpetual flowering plant, mostly cultivated for medicinal purposes; generally, used in popular drinks due to its aroma and flavor. It is primarily cultivated in China, Japan, Europe, and United States.

Novel quantitative trait loci from an interspecific derivative improve pod shatter resistance in .

Pod shatter is a trait of agricultural relevance that ensures plants dehisce seeds in their native environment and has been subjected to domestication and selection for non-shattering types in several broadacre crops. However, pod shattering causes a significant yield reduction in canola ( L.) crops.

Non-coding RNAs-mediated environmental surveillance determines male fertility in plants.

Plants are continuously exposed to environmental stresses leading to significant yield losses. With the changing climatic conditions, the intensity and duration of these stresses are expected to increase, posing a severe threat to crop productivity worldwide. Male gametogenesis is one of the most sensitive developmental stages.

Data-driven approaches to improve water-use efficiency and drought resistance in crop plants.

With the increasing population, there lies a pressing demand for food, feed and fibre, while the changing climatic conditions pose severe challenges for agricultural production worldwide. Water is the lifeline for crop production; thus, enhancing crop water-use efficiency (WUE) and improving drought resistance in crop varieties are crucial for overcoming these challenges. Genetically-driven improvements in yield, WUE and drought tolerance traits can buffer the worst effects of climate change on crop production in dry areas.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals molecular regulation of salt tolerance in two contrasting chickpea genotypes.

Salinity is a major abiotic stress that causes substantial agricultural losses worldwide. Chickpea ( L.) is an important legume crop but is salt-sensitive.

(L.f.) Willd.: A Review on Bioactive Compounds and Their Health Promoting Functionalities.

With the advent of pandemics and infectious diseases, numerous research activities on natural products have been carried out to combat them. Researchers are investigating natural products for the treatment and/or management of various infectious diseases and/or disorders. (L.

(L.) Correa: An Underutilized Fruit with High Nutraceutical Values: A Review.

(L.) Correa (Bael) fruit, a member of the Rutaceae family, is a major cultivated fruit plant in tropical and subtropical regions in countries of southeast Asia. Bael fruit has been a major topic for studies in recent years mainly due to its high nutritional (carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, and vitamins) value and presence of various phytochemicals, which attributed to its high medicinal value.

Electrochemical, Photophysical, Morphological and DFT Study of Polymorphic Sn(IV)-Porphyrins Containing Fluorinated Axial Ligand.

In this study, we report the polymorphism of six coordinated Sn(IV)- tetrabromophenyl porphyrins axially armed with fluorine-substituted phenolate ligands (structural formula [Sn(TBrPP) (A ) ], where A is the axial ligand=3,5-difluoro phenol, compound 1). One form stabilizes in triclinic system (namely, 1α), and the other stabilizes in monoclinic system (namely, 1β). The two 1α and 1β polymorphs display distinct photophysical and morphological properties in the solid state.

A survey on ethnoveterinary medicines used by the tribal migratory shepherds of Northwestern Himalaya.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Tribal migratory shepherds (Gaddi) living in the Northwestern Himalayan region are well known for their nomadic lifestyle in which tribal migratory shepherds along with their livestock which mainly include sheep and goat migrate seasonally in the Northwestern Himalayan region from high hills to low hills for the survival of their livestock from cold winters and hot summer. Due to harsh environmental conditions, heavy snowfall, heavy rainfall, wild animal attacks, no medical facilities, no transportation, and no electricity facilities tribal migratory shepherds mostly rely on plant species mentioned for ethnoveterinary use to treat livestock disease.

Aim Of Study: The aim of our study is to conduct ethnoveterinary survey for the first time to document the contemporary oral ethnoveterinary knowledge of Gaddi shepherds living in Northwestern Himalayan region.

Genome-Wide Association Analyses Track Genomic Regions for Resistance to in Australian Chickpea Breeding Germplasm.

Ascochyta blight (AB), caused by a necrotrophic fungus, (syn. ) has the potential to destroy the chickpea industry worldwide, due to limited sources of genetic resistance in the cultivated gene pool, high evolutionary potential of the pathogen and challenges with integrated disease management. Therefore, the deployment of stable genetic resistance in new cultivars could provide an effective disease control strategy.

Multienvironment QTL analysis delineates a major locus associated with homoeologous exchanges for water-use efficiency and seed yield in canola.

Canola varieties exhibit variation in drought avoidance and drought escape traits, reflecting adaptation to water-deficit environments. Our understanding of underlying genes and their interaction across environments in improving crop productivity is limited. A doubled haploid population was analysed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with water-use efficiency (WUE) related traits.

A Major Locus on Wheat Chromosome 7B Associated With Late-Maturity α-Amylase Encodes a Putative -Copalyl Diphosphate Synthase.

Many wheat varieties have the potential to develop unacceptably high levels of α-amylase in the grains if exposed to a cool temperature shock or simply cool temperature during the early to middle stages of grain filling. This phenomenon is referred to as late maturity α-amylase (LMA). The enzyme persists in the grain until harvest and may result in wheat with a low Falling Number that does not meet receival and export specifications.

Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency Through Overexpression of Alanine Aminotransferase in Rice, Wheat, and Barley.

Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plants, but crop plants are inefficient in the acquisition and utilization of applied nitrogen. This often results in producers over applying nitrogen fertilizers, which can negatively impact the environment. The development of crop plants with more efficient nitrogen usage is, therefore, an important research goal in achieving greater agricultural sustainability.

Efficient lead preconcentration using two chemically functionalized carbon nanotubes in hyphenated flow injection-flame atomic absorption spectrometry system.

Lead contamination in drinking and natural water has reached alarming concentrations, thus necessitating the development of accurate and rapid determination systems for Pb(II) in aqueous systems. Two hyphenated flow injection-solid phase extraction- FAAS (FI-SPE-FAAS) systems using oxidized and m-phenylenediamine functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes for Pb(II) preconcentration from industrially contaminated real water samples have been proposed. The chemical and hydrodynamic parameters affecting Pb(II) sorption/desorption were optimized.

gRNA validation for wheat genome editing with the CRISPR-Cas9 system.

Background: The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful and versatile tool for crop genome editing. However, achieving highly efficient and specific editing in polyploid species can be a challenge. The efficiency and specificity of the CRISPR-Cas9 system depends critically on the gRNA used.

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of Ms1 enables the rapid generation of male-sterile hexaploid wheat lines for use in hybrid seed production.

The development and adoption of hybrid seed technology have led to dramatic increases in agricultural productivity. However, it has been a challenge to develop a commercially viable platform for the production of hybrid wheat (Triticum aestivum) seed due to wheat's strong inbreeding habit. Recently, a novel platform for commercial hybrid seed production was described.

Allelic variants of OsSUB1A cause differential expression of transcription factor genes in response to submergence in rice.

Background: Flooding during seasonal monsoons affects millions of hectares of rice-cultivated areas across Asia. Submerged rice plants die within a week due to lack of oxygen, light and excessive elongation growth to escape the water. Submergence tolerance was first reported in an aus-type rice landrace, FR13A, and the ethylene-responsive transcription factor (TF) gene SUB1A-1 was identified as the major tolerance gene.

Myositis-associated Interstitial Lung Disease: Predictors of Failure of Conventional Treatment and Response to Tacrolimus in a US Cohort.

Objective: Patients with myositis-associated interstitial lung disease (MA-ILD) are often refractory to conventional treatment, and predicting their response to therapy is challenging. Recent case reports and small series suggest that tacrolimus may be useful in refractory cases.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients with MA-ILD comparing clinical characteristics between those who responded to or failed conventional treatment.

Comparative and Evolutionary Analysis of Grass Pollen Allergens Using Brachypodium distachyon as a Model System.

Comparative genomics have facilitated the mining of biological information from a genome sequence, through the detection of similarities and differences with genomes of closely or more distantly related species. By using such comparative approaches, knowledge can be transferred from the model to non-model organisms and insights can be gained in the structural and evolutionary patterns of specific genes. In the absence of sequenced genomes for allergenic grasses, this study was aimed at understanding the structure, organisation and expression profiles of grass pollen allergens using the genomic data from Brachypodium distachyon as it is phylogenetically related to the allergenic grasses.

Online Preconcentration Procedure for Chromium Speciation and Determination in Industrial Water Samples Using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.

An online preconcentration system based on solid-phase extraction was developed for speciation and determinations of Cr in industrial water samples using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. A minicolumn packed with Amberlite XAD-16 loaded with salicylic acid was used to preconcentrate chromium species. All flow and chemical parameters that influence sorption were studied.