A varicocoele mimicking a hydrocoele in a man with portal hypertension: a case report.

Introduction: Hydrocoele is a condition frequently encountered in adult urological practice. It is usually of benign aetiology and often diagnosed on clinical grounds. Surgical repair, if indicated, is generally straightforward.

Ultrasound-guided core-needle biopsy of the testis for focal indeterminate intratesticular lesions.

The aim of this study was to evaluate ultrasound (US)-guided core-needle testicular biopsy. Twelve biopsies were performed in eleven patients, under US guidance using disposable 16- or 18-gauge needles, between April 2003 and October 2006. Details were entered on a database and records reviewed 9 months to 3 years after biopsy.

Diagnosis of genito-urinary tract cancer by detection of minichromosome maintenance 5 protein in urine sediments.

Background: Because cystoscopy is invasive and expensive and urine cytology has low sensitivity, alternative methods for detecting bladder cancer are sought. Minichromosome maintenance (Mcm) proteins have been used as diagnostic markers for cervical cancer. We investigated whether one Mcm protein, Mcm5, can be used to detect urothelial cancer cells in urine sediments.