Paramedics' experiences of barriers to, and enablers of, responding to suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases: a qualitative study.

Background: Paramedics' work, even pre-pandemic, can be confronting and dangerous. As pandemics add extra stressors, the study explored paramedics' lived experience of the barriers to, and enablers of, responding to suspected or confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases.

Methods: This exploratory-descriptive qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to investigate Queensland metropolitan paramedics' experiences of responding to cases during the COVID-19 pandemic.

*SMARTSIM* A multicenter prospective randomized trial of 3D virtual reality versus traditional patient simulation.

Objective: Simulations are an integral part of paramedic education. Technological advancements have introduced three-dimensional virtual reality patient simulations (3DVRS), offering a low-cost, accessible alternative. This study compares the impact of 3DVRS and traditional simulation on paramedic students.

Paramedic insertion of peripheral intravenous catheters, unused catheter rates, and influencing factors: A retrospective review.

Background: Peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) are associated with adverse events such as bloodstream infections; thus clinically appropriate practice is important. However, there is limited research on PIVC use in ambulance settings. This study investigated the incidence of paramedic-inserted PIVCs, unused PIVCs, and factors that influenced practice.

Pre-hospital peripheral intravenous catheter insertion practice: An integrative review.

Background: Peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) are widely used within healthcare settings. There is substantial hospital-based research, particularly in Emergency Departments, supporting the need to reduce inappropriate PIVCs due to associated risks. However, there is limited research into pre-hospital practice.

Barriers to, and enablers of, paramedics responding to suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases: An integrative review.

Background: The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has focused attention on healthcare workers' concerns about working during a pandemic, yet research on the effect of the pandemic specifically on paramedics is lacking. This literature review aims to critically examine the current knowledge of paramedics' experience of barriers to, and enablers of, responding to suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases.

Methods: An integrative review was undertaken using articles found by a systematic search of four research databases.

The implementation of interprofessional education: a scoping review.

Introduction: Implementation of interprofessional education (IPE) is recognised as challenging, and well-designed programs can have differing levels of success depending on implementation quality. The aim of this review was to summarise the evidence for implementation of IPE, and identify challenges and key lessons to guide faculty in IPE implementation.

Methods: Five stage scoping review of methodological characteristics, implementation components, challenges and key lessons in primary studies in IPE.

An observational study of peripheral intravenous and intraosseous device insertion reported in the United States of America National Emergency Medical Services Information System in 2016.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of intravenous and interosseous device insertion in the prehospital setting by prehospital clinicians, and the characteristics of patients receiving these devices as reported to the United States of America National Emergency Medical Services Information System.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the United States of America National Emergency Medical Services Information System public release dataset for the 2016 calendar year.

Results: A total of 20,454,975 events involving 40,438,959 procedures were analysed.

Peripheral intravenous catheter and intraosseous device insertions reported from the 1 July 2016 to 30 June 2017 in an Australian state ambulance service: An observational study.

Objective: To overcome the lack of larger, population-based studies reporting the prevalence of insertion of PIVCs and IO devices, and to describe the patient-related and service-related characteristics of these devices, inserted by paramedics, in an Australian state ambulance service.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the electronic Ambulance Report Form (medical record) and Computer Aided Dispatch system from the 1st July 2016 until 30th June 2017.

Results: 709,217 events were analysed.

Prehospital use of peripheral intravenous catheters and intraosseous devices: An integrative literature review of current practices and issues.

Introduction: Peripheral intravenous catheters and intraosseous devices have been widely used in the prehospital setting for a considerable period. Changes in technology and guidelines have led to an increase in situations where use of these devices in a prehospital setting is recommended. Despite being commonplace they are not without risk of harm to the patient.

Challenges for environmental hygiene practices in Australian paramedic-led health care: A brief report.

This study explored the self-reported behaviors and perceptions of Australian paramedics in relation to their environmental hygiene practices. A national online survey was conducted with Paramedics Australasia members (N = 417). Participants reported working in ambulances often contaminated with body fluids.

Self-reported behaviors and perceptions of Australian paramedics in relation to hand hygiene and gloving practices in paramedic-led health care.

Background: Noncompliance with recommended hand hygiene and gloving practices by workers in the emergency medical services may contribute to the transmission of health care-associated infections and lead to poor patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to explore the self-reported behaviors and perceptions of Australian paramedics in relation to their hand hygiene and gloving practices in paramedic-led health care.

Methods: A national online survey (n = 417; 17% response rate) and 2 semistructured focus groups (6 per group) were conducted with members of Paramedics Australasia.

Enhancing Nursing and Midwifery Student Learning Through the Use of QR Codes.

A recent teaching and learning innovation using new technologies involves the use of quick response codes, which are read by smartphones and tablets. Integrating this technology as a teaching and learning strategy in nursing and midwifery education has been embraced by academics and students at a regional university.

Use of videos to support teaching and learning of clinical skills in nursing education: A review.

Information and communications technology is influencing the delivery of education in tertiary institutions. In particular, the increased use of videos for teaching and learning clinical skills in nursing may be a promising direction to pursue, yet we need to better document the current research in this area of inquiry. The aim of this paper was to explore and document the current areas of research into the use of videos to support teaching and learning of clinical skills in nursing education.