Aqueous Extract of and Synergistically Enhances Hippocampal-hypothalamic Glutamate and Na+ /K+ -ATPase Activity in Male Wistar Rats.

Background: The incidence of cognitive decline has been proposed to rise exponentially in the coming years. Therapies targeting molecular pathways involved in the enhancement of memory and energy regulation could be a major breakthrough in the prevention or management of dementia in susceptible populations.

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of aqueous extracts of Cola nitida (AECONS) and Garcinia kola (AEGAK) on glutamate level and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of male Wistar rats.

Acetate ameliorates nephrotoxicity in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats: Involvement of xanthine oxidase activity.

Impaired renal function is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that often degenerates to cardiovascular disease, contributing to high morbidity and reduced survival worldwide. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetate has shown potential benefits in glycemic or metabolic regulation but its effect on diabetes-associated renal toxicity/impairment is not clear. Herein, we investigated the hypothesis that acetate would ameliorate renal toxicity, accompanying DM, possibly by suppression of xanthine oxidase (XO) activity.

Protective role of glutamine against cadmium-induced testicular dysfunction in Wistar rats: Involvement of G6PD activity.

Background: Endocrine disruptor such as cadmium has been widely reported to cause testicular toxicity, which contributes to recent decline in male fertility worldwide. Glutamine, the most abundant amino acid in the body has been demonstrated to exert protective effects in cellular toxicity. However, its role in testicular toxicity is unknown.