Effect of pregnancy and childbirth on perineal musculature in women with obesity. A longitudinal cohort study.

Objective: Evaluating the changes of the perineal muscles in primigravid women with obesity (BMI ≥ 30) and to compare the progress with primigravid women in normal BMI range.

Methods: A prospective longitudinal cohort study was carried out. The pregnant women were studied at three moments: at 12 weeks' gestation, at 34 weeks' gestation and at 12 weeks after delivery.

Abnormal Maternal Body Mass Index and Customized Fetal Weight Charts: Improving the Identification of Small for Gestational Age Fetuses and Newborns.

Background: Obesity and thinness are serious diseases, but cases with abnormal maternal weight have not been excluded from the calculations in the construction of customized fetal growth curves (CCs).

Method: To determine if the new CCs, built excluding mothers with an abnormal weight, are better than standard CCs at identifying SGA. A total of 16,122 neonates were identified as SGA, LGA, or AGA, using the two models.

The NDDG criteria versus the IADPSG or the ADA criteria for diagnosing early-onset gestational diabetes mellitus or abnormal glucose tolerance.

Objective: To analyze the effects of substituting the National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) criteria with the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) or American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria for the diagnosis of early-onset gestational diabetes mellitus (Early-GDM) or first trimester abnormal glucose tolerance (1 t-AGT).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of 3200 women: 400 with Early-GDM, 800 with GDM, and 2000 with Non-GDM, according to the NDDG criteria. Rates of women with missed and new Early-GDM according to the IADPSG or ADA criteria were calculated.

Fasting Glucose for the Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, different non-validated tests were proposed to simplify the diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GDM). Aim: To analyse the effects of replacing the two-step approach for Early-GDM and GDM diagnosis, with a fasting plasma glucose test. Material and Methods: This is a cohort study consisting of 3200 pregnant women: 400 with Early-GDM, 800 with GDM and 2000 with Non-GDM diagnosed using the two-step approach.

Maternal Thinness and Obesity and Customized Fetal Weight Charts.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine if customized fetal growth charts developed excluding obese and underweight mothers (CC(18.5-25)) are better than customized curves (CC) at identifying pregnancies at risk of perinatal morbidity.

Material And Methods: Data from 20,331 infants were used to construct CC and from 11,604 for CC(18.

Value of Placental Volume and Vascular Flow Indices as Predictors of Early and Late Preeclampsia at First Trimester.

Introduction: We evaluated the utility of placental volume and three-dimensional (3D) vascular flow indices to predict early and late preeclampsia.

Material And Methods: In 1,004 pregnancies attending routine care, we recorded first-trimester screening program for aneuploidy (FTSA) parameter and measured uterine artery pulsatility index (uterine-a PI). Placental volume and vascular flow indices were obtained using 3D power Doppler and VOCAL techniques.

Visual and Quantitative Electroencephalographic Analysis in Healthy Term Neonates Within the First Six Hours and the Third Day of Life.

Background: What constitutes a "normal" background electroencephalography (EEG) rhythm immediately after birth is not well understood. We performed video-electroencephalography recordings in the first six hours (first measure) and the third day of life (second measure) for evidence of transient changes in brain function.

Methods: We performed a cohort study of an incidental sample of healthy term neonates in a single-center nursery.

Levels of Silicon in Maternal, Cord, and Newborn Serum and Their Relation With Those of Zinc and Copper.

Background: Evidence of silicon's importance to health has been gradually accumulating. Nevertheless, there are few studies comparing serum silicon levels in newborns with maternal levels. Likewise, little is known concerning the inter-relation between silicon and other trace elements.

Value of placental volume and vascular flow indices as predictors of intrauterine growth retardation.

Objective: To evaluate the utility of first-trimester placental volume and vascular flow indices to predict intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR).

Study Design: In 1004 singleton pregnancies attending routine care we recorded maternal characteristics, biophysical and biochemical factors included in the first trimester screening for aneuploidy (FTSA) and uterine artery pulsatility index (PI). Placental volume, Vascularization Index, Flow Index and Vascularization Flow Index were obtained.

First trimester placental volume and vascular indices in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia.

Objective: To analyze placental volume and vascularization at first trimester in women with pre-eclampsia, and secondarily, the effect of maternal characteristics on placental development and perinatal outcomes.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study including women seen between 11 and 14 weeks of pregnancy. Biophysical and biochemical markers included in the screening program for aneuploidy were recorded.

Application of customized birth weight curves in the assessment of perinatal outcomes in infants of diabetic mothers.

Objective: To determine whether the use of customized curves (CC) allows better detection of large- (LGA) or small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants at risk of adverse perinatal morbidity than non-CC in women with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Material And Methods: A model of CC was applied to all infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) who attended the Hospital Universitario Materno Infantil de Canarias between 2008 and 2011. We compared perinatal outcomes of IDM classified as LGA or SGA by non-CC versus CC.

Twin pregnancy among women with pregestational type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To assess the impact of twin versus singleton pregnancy on obstetric and perinatal outcomes among women with pregestational diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: Multicenter retrospective cohort study of women with pregestational DM and twin or singleton pregnancy, conducted in Spain during 2005-2010. Each group included 63 women (type 1 DM, n=39; type 2 DM, n=24).

Customized weight curves for Spanish fetuses and newborns.

Objectives: To construct a model of customized birthweight curves for use in a Spanish population.

Materials And Methods: Data of 20 331 newborns were used to construct a customized birthweight model. Multiple regression analysis was performed with newborn weight as the dependent variable and gestational age (GA), sex and maternal (M) weight, height, parity and ethnic origin as the independent variables.

Video-EEG recordings in full-term neonates of diabetic mothers: observational study.

Objective: To determine whether full-term newborn infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) present immature/disorganised EEG patterns in the immediate neonatal period, and whether there was any relationship with maternal glycaemic control.

Design And Setting: Cohort study with an incidental sample performed in a tertiary hospital neonatal unit.

Patients: 23 IDM and 22 healthy newborns born between 2010 and 2013.

First and second trimester screening for large for gestational age infants.

Objectives: To find the best early predictor model for fetal growth and large for gestational age (LGA) infants considering clinical, ultrasonographic and biochemical variables.

Method: In 2097 singleton pregnancies at first trimester, we evaluated maternal characteristics, PAPP-A and ß-HCG proteins, fetal nuchal translucency thickness and uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI). At second trimester fetal ultrasound biometry and UtA-PI were then measured.

The effect of customized growth charts on the identification of large for gestational age newborns.

Objective: To determine the effect of using customized vs. standard population birthweight curves to define large for gestational age (LGA) infants.

Methods: We analyzed data obtained from 2,097 singleton pregnancies using three different methods of classifying newborn birthweight: standard population curves, British or Spanish customized curves.

Obstetric and perinatal outcome in women with twin pregnancy and gestational diabetes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate pregnancy complications and obstetric and perinatal outcomes in women with twin pregnancy and GDM. STUD DESIGN: An observational multicentre retrospective study was performed and 534 pregnant woman and 1068 twins infants allocated into two groups, 257 with GDM and 277 controls, were studied.

Main Outcome Measures: Pregnant women characteristics, hypertensive complications, preterm delivery rate, mode of delivery and birthweight were analysed.

Effectiveness of a screening protocol for gestational diabetes in pregnant Spanish women.

Objective: Screening for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its treatment can reduce health risks for the mother and child. This study estimated the prevalence of undetected GDM in Tenerife Island, to determine the rate of dropout from the diagnostic protocol and to identify the features of the protocol that reduced its effectiveness.

Methods: We calculated GDM prevalence and the breaches of the diagnostic protocol out of 12,084 pregnant women who started the GDM detection program during 2004-2006.

Factors influencing pregnancy outcome in women with type 2 versus type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Aim: To compare pregnancy outcome and factors related to adverse perinatal outcome in women with type 1 versus type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Material And Methods: Multicentre retrospective study. Some 404 women were studied, 257 with type 1 DM and 147 with type 2 DM.

Maternal smoking and the vitamin D-parathyroid hormone system during the perinatal period.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of smoking on the vitamin D-parathyroid hormone (PTH) system during the perinatal period.

Study Design: Sixty-one healthy women with singleton pregnancies and their newborns participated in a cohort study. We compared serum PTH and BsmI polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor gene, 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, and bone alkaline phosphatase (bALP) in a smoking group (n = 32) versus a non-smoking group (n = 29), controlling for lifestyle confounders.

Ultrasound evaluation of visceral fat and metabolic risk factors during early pregnancy.

Objective: The objective was to study the relationships between ultrasound estimated visceral fat and metabolic risk factors during early pregnancy.

Research Methods And Procedures: Thirty consecutive healthy pregnant women at 11 to 14 weeks of gestation were studied. Maximum subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) and visceral fat thickness (VFT) were successfully measured by ultrasound.

Metabolic syndrome in normal and complicated pregnancies.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in normal and complicated pregnancies.

Setting: university hospital, tertiary referral centre.

Subjects: 90 pregnant women in four groups: 20 women with preeclampsia, 20 women with gestational hypertension, 30 women with late-onset gestational diabetes and 20 healthy pregnant women as a control group.