Repeated testing modulates chronic unpredictable mild stress effects in male rats.

Depression is a highly prevalent, debilitating mental disorder. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) is the most widely applied model to study this affliction in rodents. While studies incorporating CUMS prior to an intervention often require long-lasting stress effects that persist after exposure is ceased, the longevity of these effects is rarely studied.

Editor's Choice - Nationwide Analysis of Patients Undergoing Iliac Artery Aneurysm Repair in the Netherlands.

Objective: The new 2019 guideline of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) recommends consideration for elective iliac artery aneurysm (eIAA) repair when the iliac diameter exceeds 3.5 cm, as opposed to 3.0 cm previously.

Adipokines: A gear shift in puberty.

In this review, we discuss the role of adipokines in the onset of puberty in children with obesity during adrenarche and gonadarche and provide a clear and detailed overview of the biological processes of two major players, leptin and adiponectin. Adipokines, especially leptin and adiponectin, seem to induce an early onset of puberty in girls and boys with obesity by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Moreover, adipokines and their receptors are expressed in the gonads, suggesting a role in sexual maturation and reproduction.

Hoffa fracture accompanied by dissection of the popliteal artery.

After a high-energy trauma, a 37-year-old motorcyclist presented to the emergency ward with a Hoffa fracture of the lateral femoral condyle of the right knee. Following admission, the patient developed a pale, cold and pulseless right foot. CT angiography scan showed a 5 cm dissection of the popliteal artery.

The association between serotonin transporter availability and the neural correlates of fear bradycardia.

Susceptibility to stress-related psychopathology is associated with reduced expression of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT), particularly in combination with stress exposure. Aberrant physiological and neuronal responses to threat may underlie this increased vulnerability. Here, implementing a cross-species approach, we investigated the association between 5-HTT expression and the neural correlates of fear bradycardia, a defensive response linked to vigilance and action preparation.

Inhibition of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels After Subchronic and Repeated Exposure of PC12 Cells to Different Classes of Insecticides.

We previously demonstrated that acute inhibition of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) is a common mode of action for (sub)micromolar concentrations of chemicals, including insecticides. However, because human exposure to chemicals is usually chronic and repeated, we investigated if selected insecticides from different chemical classes (organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates, and neonicotinoids) also disturb calcium homeostasis after subchronic (24 h) exposure and after a subsequent (repeated) acute exposure. Effects on calcium homeostasis were investigated with single-cell fluorescence (Fura-2) imaging of PC12 cells.

Transanal versus traditional laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for rectal carcinoma.

Background: After total mesorectal excision (TME) surgery, patients with an incomplete mesorectum have an increased risk of local and overall recurrence. With the introduction of laparoscopic TME, an improved quality of the specimen was expected. However, the quality-related results were comparable to the results after traditional open surgery.

[Transanal total mesorectal excision: a new treatment option for rectal cancer].

The transanal total mesorectal excision (TME) for colorectal tumours is a new endoscopic approach in which the rectum is mobilized transanally from down-to-up using a flexible transanal single-access port. The advantage of this technique is that it could result in fewer conversions from laparoscopic to open procedures and consequently fewer complications and more radical resections. Standard endoscopic armamentarium is used for the transanal technique so that costs remain low.

The endoscopic perineal approach to the presacral space: an excision biopsy.

Presacral tumors in adulthood are rare. Several surgical difficulties exist, because of limited access of the presacral area. The patient in this report was a 72-year-old man without comorbidities referred by the urologist because of a presacral mass.

An update of available innovative staple line reinforcement materials in colorectal surgery.

Despite refinements in the field of gastrointestinal surgical stapling, anastomotic leakage and bleeding still remain a serious problem associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. To prevent or reduce these complications, a diversity of staple line reinforcement techniques have been developed. The available literature from 1977 through 2007 was reviewed to find relevant data about innovative colorectal staple line reinforcement techniques.

Endoscopic perineal approach to the presacral space: a feasibility study.

Background: Currently, pathologies from the presacral space are explored primarily by using transabdominal approaches. Major complications may occur, including bowel and rectal perforation, or bleeding. To avoid and reduce these potentially severe risks, a new surgical approach to the presacral space, which permits exploration through the perineum with minimal invasive techniques, had already been developed and is now further elaborated in a cadaver and clinical study.

Transanal endoscopic operation for rectal lesions using two-dimensional visualization and standard endoscopic instruments: a prospective cohort study and comparison with the literature.

Background: The transanal endoscopic operation (TEO) has proved to be an effective alternative to conventional surgery for the treatment of rectal lesions. The TEO procedure offers reduced morbidity, faster recovery and equivalent oncologic outcome. Currently, two instrument sets are available: one with three-dimensional (Wolf) and one with two-dimensional (Storz) optic capacities.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic rectovaginopexy for rectal prolapse: a prospective cohort study on feasibility and safety.

Robotic systems may be particularly supportive for procedures requiring careful pelvic dissection and suturing in the Douglas pouch, as in surgery for rectal prolapse. Studies reporting robot-assisted laparoscopic rectovaginopexy for rectal prolapse, however, are scarce. This prospective cohort study evaluated the outcome of this technique up to one year after surgery.