Deciphering the chemical language of inbred and wild mouse conspecific scents.

In most mammals, conspecific chemosensory communication relies on semiochemical release within complex bodily secretions and subsequent stimulus detection by the vomeronasal organ (VNO). Urine, a rich source of ethologically relevant chemosignals, conveys detailed information about sex, social hierarchy, health, and reproductive state, which becomes accessible to a conspecific via vomeronasal sampling. So far, however, numerous aspects of social chemosignaling along the vomeronasal pathway remain unclear.

Simultaneous determination of six antibiotics in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection.

Antibiotics are widely used in intensive care patients to treat severe infections. To avoid bacterial resistance or toxic side effects, the determination of serum concentration of ABs is advisable. Therefore, in this study, we developed and validated a simple and fast high-performance liquid chromatography method with UV detection for the simultaneous determination of four β-lactam ABs (meropenem, imipenem, ceftazidime, and piperacillin) and two coadministered substances (cilastatin and tazobactam) in human serum.

Treating cancer stem cells and cancer metastasis using glucose-coated gold nanoparticles.

Cancer ranks among the leading causes of human mortality. Cancer becomes intractable when it spreads from the primary tumor site to various organs (such as bone, lung, liver, and then brain). Unlike solid tumor cells, cancer stem cells and metastatic cancer cells grow in a non-attached (suspension) form when moving from their source to other locations in the body.

[Improvement of symptoms in mild hyperthyroidism with an extract of Lycopus europaeus (Thyreogutt® mono)].

Objective: Extracts of Lycopus europaeus are used clinically for the control of vegetative and irritative symptoms in mild hyperthyroidism. This study assessed the effects and safety of an extract of Lycopus europaeus (Thyreogutt® mono tablets or drops) in a general practice setting.

Methods: The study was conducted as an open post-marketing surveillance study consisting of three cohorts, i.

Quality of reporting of clinical non-inferiority and equivalence randomised trials--update and extension.

Background: Non-inferiority and equivalence trials require tailored methodology and therefore adequate conduct and reporting is an ambitious task. The aim of our review was to assess whether the criteria recommended by the CONSORT extension were followed.

Methods: We searched the Medline database and the Cochrane Central Register for reports of randomised non-inferiority and equivalence trials published in English language.