Evaluation of artificial intelligence-based autosegmentation for a high-performance cone-beam computed tomography imaging system in the pelvic region.

Background And Purpose: A novel ring-gantry cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging system shows improved image quality compared to its conventional version, but its effect on autosegmentation is unknown. This study evaluates the impact of this high-performance CBCT on autosegmentation performance, inter-observer variability, contour correction times and delineation confidence, compared to the conventional CBCT.

Materials And Methods: Twenty prostate cancer patients were enrolled in this prospective clinical study.

The added value of a new high-performance ring-gantry CBCT imaging system for prostate cancer patients.

Background And Purpose: A novel Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) named HyperSight provides superior CBCT image quality compared to conventional ring gantry CBCT imaging, and it is suitable for dose calculations for prostate cancer, but it comes with considerable additional costs. The aim of this study was to determine the added value of HyperSight CBCT imaging compared to conventional CBCT imaging in terms of organ visibility in the male pelvic region.

Materials And Methods: Twenty prostate cancer patients were included in this prospective clinical study.

Relating pre-treatment non-Gaussian intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging to human papillomavirus status and response in oropharyngeal carcinoma.

Background And Purpose: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a promising technique for response assessment in head-and-neck cancer. Recently, we optimized Non-Gaussian Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging (NG-IVIM), an extension of the conventional apparent diffusion coefficient () model, for the head and neck. In the current study, we describe the first application in a group of patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Accounting for fractionation and heterogeneous dose distributions in the modelling of osteoradionecrosis in oropharyngeal carcinoma treatment.

Background And Purpose: Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible is a severe complication following radiotherapy (RT). With a renewed interest in hypofractionation for head and neck radiotherapy, more information concerning ORN development after high fraction doses is important. The aim of this explorative study was to develop a model for ORN risk prediction applicable across different fractionation schemes using Equivalent Uniform Doses (EUD).

Development of a local dose-response relationship for osteoradionecrosis within the mandible.

Purpose: Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible is a severe complication following radiotherapy of the head and neck, but not all regions of the mandible may be equally at risk. Therefore our goal was to explore a local dose response relationship for subregions of the mandible.

Materials And Methods: All oropharyngeal cancer patients treated at our hospital between 2009 and 2016 were reviewed.

Multidelay pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling to measure blood flow in the head and neck.

Perfusion MRI is promising for the assessment, prediction, and monitoring of radiation toxicity in organs at risk in head and neck cancer. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) may be an attractive alternative for conventional perfusion MRI, that does not require the administration of contrast agents. However, currently, little is known about the characteristics and performance of ASL in healthy tissues in the head and neck region.

Post radiation mucosal ulcer risk after a hypofractionated stereotactic boost and conventional fractionated radiotherapy for oropharyngeal carcinoma.

Background/purpose: Post radiation mucosal ulcers (PRMU) after treatment for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) can have a huge negative impact on patients' quality of life, but little is known concerning risk factors and the impact of fraction size. Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine the pattern of PRMU development and to identify risk factors after a hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy boost (SBRT) compared to conventionally fractionated radiotherapy for OPSCC.

Material And Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study ( = 332) of OPSCC patients with ≥ 1-year disease-free survival, treated with 46 Gy Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) (2 Gy fractions) followed by either an SBRT boost of 16.

Osteoradionecrosis after postoperative radiotherapy for oral cavity cancer: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a severe late complication after radiotherapy but current knowledge on ORN risks in the setting of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) is limited. We studied the incidence and risk factors of ORN in patients with oral cavity cancers (OCC, treated with PORT.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted including OCC patients (mainly squamous cell) treated with postoperative intensity modulated radiotherapy between 2010 and 2018 with > 1 year disease-free survival.

The COMPLETE trial: HolistiC early respOnse assessMent for oroPharyngeaL cancEr paTiEnts; Protocol for an observational study.

Introduction: The locoregional failure (LRF) rate in human papilloma virus (HPV)-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) remains disappointingly high and toxicity is substantial. Response prediction prior to or early during treatment would provide opportunities for personalised treatment. Currently, there are no accurate predictive models available for correct OPSCC patient selection.

Comparison of 81mKrypton and 99mTc-Technegas for ventilation single-photon emission computed tomography in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Introduction: Ventilation and perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography combined with computed tomography (SPECT/CT) is a powerful tool to assess the state of the lungs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 81mKrypton is a gaseous ventilation tracer and distributes similarly to air, but is not widely available and relatively expensive. 99mTc-Technegas is cheaper and has wider availability, but is an aerosol, which may deposit in hot spots as the severity of COPD increases.

An optimal acquisition and post-processing pipeline for hybrid IVIM-DKI in head and neck.

Purpose: To optimize the diffusion-weighting b values and postprocessing pipeline for hybrid intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion kurtosis imaging in the head and neck region.

Methods: Optimized diffusion-weighting b value sets ranging between 5 and 30 b values were constructed by optimizing the Cramér-Rao lower bound of the hybrid intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion kurtosis imaging model. With this model, the perfusion fraction, pseudodiffusion coefficient, diffusion coefficient, and kurtosis were estimated.