[Not Available].

Fractures in the lower leg are common in children and are most often due to accidental falls. A significant part of the fractures involves the growth plates. This review describes a broad range of techniques for treatment ranging from immobilization in a cast to open reduction and fixation with K-wires, screws, or flexible intramedullary nails.

[Slipped capital femoral epiphysis is diagnosed too late].

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a serious orthopaedic hip disease in the adolescent population. It has a prevalence of 10.8 per 100.

The Danish Cerebral Palsy Follow-up Program.

Aim Of Database: The Danish Cerebral Palsy Follow-up Program is a combined follow-up program and national clinical quality database that aims to monitor and improve the quality of health care for children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Study Population: The database includes children with CP aged 0-15 years and children with symptoms of CP aged 0-5 years.

Main Variables: In the follow-up program, the children are offered examinations throughout their childhood by orthopedic surgeons, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, and pediatricians.

The use of instrumented gait analysis for individually tailored interdisciplinary interventions in children with cerebral palsy: a randomised controlled trial protocol.

Background: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often have an altered gait. Orthopaedic surgery, spasticity management, physical therapy and orthotics are used to improve the gait. Interventions are individually tailored and are planned on the basis of clinical examinations and standardised measurements to assess walking ('care as usual').

Gait Deviation Index, Gait Profile Score and Gait Variable Score in children with spastic cerebral palsy: Intra-rater reliability and agreement across two repeated sessions.

The Gait Deviation Index (GDI) and Gait Profile Score (GPS) are the most used summary measures of gait in children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, the reliability and agreement of these indices have not been investigated, limiting their clinimetric quality for research and clinical practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the intra-rater reliability and agreement of summary measures of gait (GDI; GPS; and the Gait Variable Score (GVS) derived from the GPS).

Heritability of clubfoot: a twin study.

Introduction: The aetiology of congenital clubfoot is unclear. Although studies on populations, families, and twins suggest a genetic component to the aetiology, other studies have identified environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to calculate heritability in order to determine to what extent genetic and/or environmental factors contribute to the aetiology of congenital clubfoot and to asses whether there was a change in the prevalence over time.

Anterior distal femoral hemiepiphysiodesis in the treatment of fixed knee flexion contracture in neuromuscular patients.

Aim: Patients with neuromuscular diseases such as cerebral palsy (CP) and meningomyelocele (MMC) are prone to develop fixed knee flexion contracture. Distal femoral extension osteotomy allows acute correction of the deformity, but it is an extensive surgical procedure, and the complication rate is rather high. Immobilization can prolong the rehabilitation period, and may even result in deteriorated walking ability.

Radiographic changes in the hip joint in children suffering from Perthes disease.

The purpose was to compare radiographic parameters with a sex-matched and age-matched control group at the onset of disease and at skeletal maturity. The study comprised 143 patients with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, treated using a Thomas splint. Wiberg's centre-edge angle and the acetabular index angle were applied.

Radial neck fractures in children treated with the centromedullary Métaizeau technique.

Background: Radial neck fracture in children is infrequent but when not managed accurately can lead to complications. Different methods have been developed for the reduction and fixation of this fracture. The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate our results using the Métaizeau centromedullary technique.

Anterior distal tibial epiphysiodesis for the treatment of recurrent equinus deformity after surgical treatment of clubfeet.

Unlabelled: The treatment of clubfeet has changed constantly. Before the acceptance of the Ponseti serial casting, extensive surgical release was widely used. The treatment of relapse in these surgically treated clubfeet can be very challenging.

[Preoperative full-body magnetic resonance imaging is indicated on suspicion of multifocal infection in children].

Musculoskeletal infections in children present a challenge regarding diagnosis and treatment. Conventional radiographs guide the initial radiographic assessment. Additional imaging is often performed to improve the diagnosis of the abnormality.

The need for total hip arthroplasty in Perthes disease: a long-term study.

Background: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) was described a century ago. In previous long-term reports of patients with LCPD, nonoperative treatment varied considerably. The likelihood of hip osteoarthritis (OA) developing in patients with LCPD and possible need for THA are not well defined.

Intra-articular hyaluronan is without clinical effect in knee osteoarthritis: a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of 337 patients followed for 1 year.

Objective: To examine the long-term efficacy and safety of five intra-articular injections with hyaluronan in knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: A multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled double-blind study of 337 patients fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for knee osteoarthritis (clinical and laboratory) and with a Lequesne algofunctional index score (LFI) of 10 or greater. Patients received a hyaluronan product (sodium hyaluronate; Hyalgan) (n=167) or saline (n=170) intra-articularly weekly for 5 weeks and were followed up to 1 year.

A bone cyst treated with corticosteroid installation in an osteopetrotic child.

Bone cysts in patients suffering from osteopetrosis are uncommon. A pathologic fracture might cause therapeutic difficulties because of the osteosclerotic bone. We describe a patient with an autosomal dominant osteopetrosis suffering from a large bone cyst in the proximal femur.

Post-traumatic cortical cysts in paediatric fractures: is it a concern for emergency doctors? A report of three cases.

Post-traumatic cortical bone cyst is a rare occurrence in children. It is typically located in the distal radius, as a result of greenstick fracture. We report three cases referred to our fracture clinic as a tumour in bones.

Femoral shaft fractures in children: elastic stable intramedullary nailing in 31 cases.

We report our experience with elastic stable intramedullary titanium nailing (ESIN) of femoral shaft fractures in children. From 1998 to 2001, we treated 31 children (20 boys), median age 6 (4-11) years, with ESIN for 29 closed and 2 grade I open femoral shaft fractures. We reviewed 30 children clinically after median 1.