Educational, labour market and relationship outcomes in people with acne.

Background: Although acne is associated with scarring, mental health comorbidities and bullying, little is known about its impact on socio-economic outcomes.

Objectives: To examine the association between acne and educational, labour market and relationship outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide registry-based cohort study in Denmark.

Variation in Psychiatric Hospitalisations: A Multiple-Membership Multiple-Classification Analysis.

The complexity of variation in healthcare, particularly in mental health, remains poorly understood. However, addressing this issue presents an opportunity to opti-mise the allocation of scarce healthcare resources. To explore this, we investigated the variation in psychiatric care measured as the number of psychiatric hospitalisations.

Epilepsy in childhood and school performance: a nation-wide cohort study.

Childhood epilepsy has been linked to poor academic performance, but large-scale studies are lacking. In this nation-wide study of school-aged children, we examined the association between childhood epilepsy and school performance in standardized tests according to phenotypic and treatment-related characteristics. We performed a matched register-based cohort study of children born in Denmark (1997-2009) who participated in the Danish National School Test Programme between 2010 and 2019.

Are migrants diagnosed with a trauma-related disorder at risk of premature mortality? A register-based cohort study in Denmark.

Background: Mental illness is common among refugees displaced by conflict and war. While evidence points to the relatively good health in terms of longevity of migrants resettled in the destination country, less is known about the mortality of the most vulnerable migrants with a trauma-related diagnosis alone and those with an additional comorbid psychotic disorder. This study aimed to provide an overview of the number and mortality of foreign-born individuals diagnosed with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder or Enduring Personality Change after a Catastrophic Event (PTSD/EPCACE), a psychotic disorder or both.

Correction: School performance in Danish children exposed to maternal type 1 diabetes in utero: A nationwide retrospective cohort study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.

School performance in Danish children exposed to maternal type 1 diabetes in utero: A nationwide retrospective cohort study.

Background: Conflicting results have been reported concerning possible adverse effects on the cognitive function of offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes (O-mT1D). Previous studies have included offspring of parents from the background population (O-BP), but not offspring of fathers with type 1 diabetes (O-fT1D) as the unexposed reference group.

Methods And Findings: This is a population-based retrospective cohort study from 2010 to 2016.

Discontinuity in care: Practice closures among primary care providers and patient health care utilization.

We evaluate the consequences for patients of being matched to a new primary care provider due to practice closures. Using an event study and population-level data of patients and providers in Denmark, we find that the transition between providers is smooth; among re-matched patients, there is little change in primary care utilization at the extensive margin. Second, we document a 17% increase in fee-for-service per visit and a large increase in the probability that the patient initiates drug therapy targeting chronic and underdiagnosed diseases (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes).

Center differences in diabetes treatment outcomes among children with type 1 diabetes: A nationwide study of 3866 Danish children.

Objective: Mean differences in HbA across centers are well established, but less well understood. The aim was to assess whether differences in patient case-mix can explain the variation in mean HbA between pediatric diabetes centers in Denmark. The association between HbA , frequency of blood glucose monitoring (BGM), treatment modality, and center visits was investigated.

School performance of children whose parents suffered torture and war-a register-based study in Denmark.

Background: Young refugees and descendants of refugees have different preconditions for learning than their peers without refugee background. Children growing up in families where parents have suffered torture and war trauma may represent a particularly vulnerable group. This study investigates whether children of torture survivors living in Denmark achieved different test scores throughout primary and secondary school compared to children of non-traumatized parents.

Association of type 1 diabetes and educational achievement in 16-20-year-olds: A Danish nationwide register study.

Aims: The objective of the study was to compare grade point averages (GPAs) on compulsory school exit exams (exam GPA) and educational attainment at age 16 and 20 for individuals with and without type 1 diabetes.

Methods: This study was a population-based retrospective cohort study, which included the 1991 to 1998 birth cohorts in Denmark. Follow-up was conducted at age 16 and 20 (follow-up period; 1 January, 2007 to 31 December, 2018).

The impact of childhood health shocks on parental labor supply.

We leverage the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in childhood to estimate the impact of a childhood health shock on parental labor supply. T1D is the second most common childhood chronic physical health condition, inheritability is low, the exact cause is unknown, the onset is unpredictable, and receiving treatment is crucial to survival. Using Danish administrative registry data with both an event study and difference-in-differences analysis shows that mothers shift to part-time work, marginally shift from the private to public sector, and experience a long-term 4-5% decrease in wage income.

Vaccine Hesitancy and Differential Susceptibility to Media Coverage: A Critical Documentary Led to Substantial Reductions in Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Uptake in Denmark.

Objectives: To investigate whether negative media coverage of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine led to a decrease in the uptake of the first dose of the HPV vaccine (HPV1) in Denmark and, importantly, whether some groups of individuals were more susceptible to negative media coverage.

Methods: We measured HPV vaccine uptake of 12-year-old girls born in 2001 to 2004 using Danish administrative data. A quasi-experimental design was employed to assess whether a documentary that was critical of the HPV vaccine and aired in March 2015 affected HPV uptake.

Occurrence, mortality and cost of brain disorders in Denmark: a population-based cohort study.

Objectives: To examine the occurrence of brain disorders (ie, neurological and mental disorders) in Denmark and mortality and cost of illness among affected persons.

Design: Matched cohort study.

Setting: We obtained routinely collected registry data on all Danish residents during 1995-2015.

Association of Prodromal Type 1 Diabetes With School Absenteeism of Danish Schoolchildren: A Population-Based Case-Control Study of 1,338 Newly Diagnosed Children.

Objective: To investigate school absenteeism before the clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in children who develop the disease.

Research Design And Methods: This population-based, retrospective case-control study involved all Danish children who developed type 1 diabetes and attended public schools ( = 1,338) from 2010 to 2017. Those children were matched at a 1-to-5 ratio, on the basis of sex and date of birth, to children without diabetes ( = 6,690).

Association of type 1 diabetes and school wellbeing: a population-based cohort study of 436,439 Danish schoolchildren.

Aims/hypothesis: We aimed to examine the association of type 1 diabetes with school wellbeing among Danish children.

Methods: This is a population-based cohort study involving 436,439 Danish children, of which 1499 had a confirmed diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. The children were enrolled in grade levels 4 to 9 (middle school) in Danish public schools in the years 2014-2017.

The association between early-onset schizophrenia with employment, income, education, and cohabitation status: nationwide study with 35 years of follow-up.

Purpose: Individuals with schizophrenia have been reported to have low employment rates. We examined the associations of schizophrenia with employment, income, and status of cohabitation from a work life course perspective.

Methods: Nationwide cohort study including all individuals (n = 2,390,127) born in Denmark between 1955 and 1991, who were alive at their 25th birthday.

Socioeconomic Inequality in Metabolic Control Among Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Nationwide Longitudinal Study of 4,079 Danish Children.

Objective: To examine inequality in glycemic control by maternal educational level among children with type 1 diabetes in a setting with universal access to health care.

Research Design And Methods: This was a longitudinal nationwide study of 4,079 Danish children with type 1 diabetes between the years 2000 and 2013. Children were divided into four groups based on mothers' education prebirth (≤high school [ = 1,643], vocational or 2-year college [ = 1,548], bachelor's degree [ = 695], ≥master's degree [ = 193]).

Association of Type 1 Diabetes With Standardized Test Scores of Danish Schoolchildren.

Importance: Type 1 diabetes has been associated with cardiovascular disease and late complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy. However, it is unclear whether there is an association between type 1 diabetes and school performance in children.

Objective: To compare standardized reading and mathematics test scores of schoolchildren with type 1 diabetes vs those without diabetes.

Physicians are more likely than non-physicians to use brand-name drugs to treat their chronic conditions.

Background: Little is known about the treatments physicians choose for themselves compared with how they treat their patients. We determine if physicians prescribe different treatments to patients than to themselves.

Methods: Population-based cohort study from 2004 to 2012 examining prescription claims of all Danish primary care physicians (PCP; n=3088) and all other Danish adults (n=2 334 590) who received a first-time prescription from a PCP for a statin (n=455 586), calcium channel blocker (CCB, n=330 369), serotonin-norepinephrine/selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SN/SSRIs, n=423 740), proton pump inhibitor (PPI, n=671 965) or antihistamine (n=456 018).

Can Physicians Affect Patient Adherence With Medication?

Non-compliance with medication therapy remains an unsolved and expensive problem for healthcare systems around the world, yet we know little about the factors that affect a patient's decision to follow treatment recommendations. In particular, there is little evidence on the extent to which doctors can influence patient adherence behavior. This study uses a unique panel dataset comprising all prescription drug users, physicians, and all prescription drug sales in Denmark over 7 years to analyze the contributions of doctor-specific, patient-specific, and drug-specific factors to the adherence decision.

Determinants of generic vs. brand drug choice: evidence from population-wide Danish data.

We investigate if demand for branded prescription medications in post-patent markets is patient- or doctor driven. When drugs go off-patent the brand medication often maintains non-negligible market shares. We use population-wide Danish data including all prescriptions for seven blockbuster drugs from 1998 to 2008, which amounts to 13,415,012 prescriptions.

Income and the use of prescription drugs for near retirement individuals.

In this paper, we estimate how demand for prescription drugs varies with income for a sample of near retirement individuals. The analysis is based on a novel panel data set with information about the purchase of prescription drugs for a large number of Danish individuals over the period 1995-2003. Our preferred model performs better in an external validation test than models that can be estimated on cross section data.

On the demand for prescription drugs: heterogeneity in price responses.

This paper estimates the price elasticity of demand for prescription drugs using an exogenous shift in consumer co-payment caused by a reform in the Danish subsidy scheme for the general public. Using purchasing records for the entire Danish population, I show that the average price response for the most commonly used drug yields demand elasticities in the range of -0.36 to -0.

On reimbursement reforms and stockpiling of prescription drugs: the case of insulin.

Objectives: To show that care should be taken in studies which aim at linking prescription drug prices to purchased quantities due to anticipation and stockpiling effects.

Methods: Using purchasing records for a 20% random sample of the entire Danish population, the effects of increasing co-payments are estimated using fixed effects techniques.

Results: The results indicate that insulin-takers react to announced changes in reimbursement policies by stockpiling on their medications.