Publications by authors named "Niels Regenmortel"

In this review, we aimed to comprehensively summarize current literature on pathophysiology, relevance, diagnosis and treatment of fluid accumulation in patients with sepsis/septic shock. Fluid accumulation syndrome (FAS) is defined as fluid accumulation (any degree, expressed as percentage from baseline body weight) with new onset organ-failure. Over the years, many studies have described the negative impact of FAS on clinically relevant outcomes.

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Background And Aims: The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence's (NICE) Guideline for Maintenance Fluid Therapy in Adults in Hospital is widely used, but the recommendations have not been evaluated properly. In this study, we investigated whether the recommendation of providing 25-30 mL/kg/day of fluid and 1 mmol/kg each of sodium and potassium is sufficient for human needs.

Methods: First, we calculated the distribution of fluid between the extracellular fluid volume (ECV) and intracellular fluid volume (ICV) during a cross-over infusion experiment where 12 volunteers received 25 mL/kg/day of either a high-sodium (154 mmol/L) or low-sodium (54 mmol/L) solution over 48 h.

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Objective: To compare bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived parameters in healthy volunteers and critically ill patients and to assess its prognostic value in an ICU patient cohort.

Design: Retrospective, observational data analysis.

Setting: Single centre, tertiary-level ICU (Ziekenhuis Netwerk Antwerpen, ZNA Stuivenberg Hospital).

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Purpose: Maintenance and hidden/creep fluids are a major source of fluid and sodium intake in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Recent research indicates that low versus high sodium content maintenance fluids could decrease fluid and sodium burden. We conducted a systematic review (SR) with meta-analysis to summarize the impact of maintenance fluid choice on total daily sodium in ICU patients.

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Patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) often require ICU admission, especially when signs of multiorgan failure are present, a condition that defines AP as severe. This disease is characterized by a massive pancreatic release of pro-inflammatory cytokines that causes a systemic inflammatory response syndrome and a profound intravascular fluid loss. This leads to a mixed hypovolemic and distributive shock and ultimately to multiorgan failure.

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Article Synopsis
  • The review investigates the link between fluid administration and intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) in patients at risk of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS).
  • A comprehensive literature search uncovered various studies indicating that fluid resuscitation often exacerbates IAH, creating a cyclical problem where patients require even more fluids for management.
  • While the timing and strategy for fluid management are critical, there is a lack of clear guidelines, and in severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to prevent serious complications.
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Background: Influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (IAPA) and COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) affect about 15% of critically ill patients with influenza or COVID-19, respectively. These viral-fungal coinfections are difficult to diagnose and are associated with increased mortality, but data on their pathophysiology are scarce. We aimed to explore the role of lung epithelial and myeloid innate immunity in patients with IAPA or CAPA.

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Article Synopsis
  • - A survey was conducted to evaluate healthcare professionals' knowledge and prescription practices of IV fluids in operating rooms and ICUs, revealing significant variation in understanding.
  • - Nearly 1,045 healthcare professionals from 97 countries participated, with findings showing that 75% lacked hospital or ICU guidelines and respondents scored an average of 46.4 out of 100 on a knowledge assessment.
  • - The results indicate a critical need for better education on IV fluid use, as only 6.5% of respondents scored above average, highlighting a major gap in expertise among healthcare providers.
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The gold standard to measure intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is intra-vesical measurement via the urinary bladder. However, this technique is restricted in ambulatory settings because of the risk of iatrogenic urinary tract infections. Rectal IAP measurements (IAP) may overcome these limitations, but requires validation.

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Critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may develop COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA), which impacts their chances of survival. Whether positive bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) mycological tests can be used as a survival proxy remains unknown. We conducted a analysis of a previous multicenter, multinational observational study with the aim of assessing the differential prognostic impact of BALF mycological tests, namely, positive (optical density index of ≥1.

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Introduction: There is evidence to suggest that patients delayed seeking urgent medical care during the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A delay in health-seeking behavior could increase the disease severity of patients in the prehospital setting. The combination of COVID-19-related missions and augmented disease severity in the prehospital environment could result in an increase in the number and severity of physician-staffed prehospital interventions, potentially putting a strain on this highly specialized service.

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Purpose: We aimed to provide an extended analysis of the physiological handling of of the sodium burden induced by maintenance fluids.

Materials And Methods: We revisited two studies that demonstrated, in healthy volunteers and in surgical patients, that maintenance fluids with 154 mmol/L of sodium lead to a more positive fluid balance than a regimen containing 54 mmol/L. We report different unpublished data on the renal handling of the imposed sodium burdens with specific attention to the resulting fluid and sodium balances.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study looked at how ethical triage tools (ETTs) were used during the first wave of COVID-19 to decide which patients could go to the ICU in Belgium.
  • Researchers found that around 9-23% of patients would have been turned away from the ICU, but many of those patients still had a chance to survive.
  • The conclusion was that while ETTs help keep ICU beds available, they might not always be right about who will survive since some patients denied admission could still recover.
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We performed an observational study to investigate intensive care unit incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of coronavirus disease-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). We found 10%-15% CAPA incidence among 823 patients in 2 cohorts. Several factors were independently associated with CAPA in 1 cohort and mortality rates were 43%-52%.

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Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) -associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) has emerged as a complication in critically ill COVID-19 patients. The objectives of this multinational study were to determine the prevalence of CAPA in patients with COVID-19 in intensive care units (ICU) and to investigate risk factors for CAPA as well as outcome.

Methods: The European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) conducted a multinational study including 20 centres from nine countries to assess epidemiology, risk factors and outcome of CAPA.

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Background: Several randomised clinical trials have studied convalescent plasma for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using different protocols, with different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralising antibody titres, at different time-points and severities of illness.

Methods: In the prospective multicentre DAWn-plasma trial, adult patients hospitalised with COVID-19 were randomised to 4 units of open-label convalescent plasma combined with standard of care (intervention group) or standard of care alone (control group). Plasma from donors with neutralising antibody titres (50% neutralisation titre (NT)) ≥1/320 was the product of choice for the study.

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Purpose: Iatrogenic fluid overload is a potential side effect of intravenous fluid therapy in the hospital. Little attention has been paid to sodium administration as a separate cause of harm. With this narrative review, we aim to substantiate the hypothesis that a considerable amount of fluid-induced harm is caused not only by fluid volume, but also by the sodium that is administered to hospitalized patients.

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Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication among patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). The limitations of serum Cr (sCr) in timely detecting AKI are well known. Beta-trace protein (BTP) is emerging as a novel endogenous glomerular filtration rate marker.

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Introduction: The non-invasive analysis of body fluid composition with bio-electrical impedance analysis (BIA) provides additional information allowing for more persona-lised therapy to improve outcomes. The aim of this study is to assess the prognostic value of fluid overload (FO) in the first week of intensive care unit (ICU) stay.

Material And Methods: A retrospective, observational analysis of 101 ICU patients.

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