Dormant carbohydrate reserves enhance pecan tree spring freeze tolerance: controlled environment observations.

Pecan (), an economically important deciduous tree, bears commercially valuable nutritional nuts. Spring freezes in April can severely injure pecan buds, decreasing bloom, and fruit set. This study determined how low temperatures affect pecan buds/flowers at different growth stages in several pecan scion/rootstock combinations.

Impact of Microclimate on Fatty Acids and Volatile Terpenes in "Kerman" and "Golden Hills" Pistachio (Pistacia vera) Kernels.

Pistachio is an economically important nut crop in California. Since temperature variations among geographical locations can influence biochemical processes during fruit development, it is of great relevance to understand the impact of growing area over the components that define the nutritional and sensory characteristics of pistachio nuts. Changes in moisture, fat content, fatty acid composition and volatile terpenes were studied during kernel development for "Kerman" and "Golden Hills" varieties in two different California Central Valley microclimates, Lost Hills and Parlier.

Partial propane extraction of aromatic compounds from dehydrated basils (Ocimum Lamiaceae).

Background: Many conventional extraction methods for basils (Ocimum sp. Lamiaceae) produce only the extract as a usable product and leave the extracted herb as a waste product. We demonstrate partial extraction of chemically and morphologically diverse basil cultivars using propane at low temperature (20-27 °C) and pressure (950-1200 kPa) and evaluate the process for production of dual products, the extracted herb (raffinate) and the herb extract in terms of aromatic content and color.

Antioxidant Properties of "Natchez" and "Triple Crown" Blackberries Using Korean Traditional Winemaking Techniques.

This research evaluated blackberries grown in Oklahoma and wines produced using a modified traditional Korean technique employing relatively oxygen-permeable earthenware fermentation vessels. The fermentation variables were temperature (21.6°C versus 26.

Effect of preprocessing and compressed propane extraction on quality of cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.).

Dehydration leads to quality defects in cilantro such as loss in structure, color, aroma and flavor. Solvent extraction with compressed propane may improve the dehydrated quality. In the present study, effect of drying temperature, particle size, and propane extraction on color, volatile composition, and fatty acid composition of cilantro was evaluated.

Extraction and analysis of soluble carbohydrates.

Soluble sugars are a universal component of most living organisms and a fundamental building block in biosynthetic processes. It is no wonder that both qualitative and quantitative changes in carbohydrates often accompany plant's responses to stress. Depending on the speed of onset of stress, plant tissues can exhibit rapid and very site-specific shifts in their soluble carbohydrate pool - rapid and precise tissue collection and stabilization are necessary if analytical results are to truly represent the sugar composition at the instant of harvest.

Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of Kanlow switchgrass pretreated by hydrothermolysis using Kluyveromyces marxianus IMB4.

A thermotolerant yeast strain named Kluyveromyces marxianus IMB4 was used in a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process using Kanlow switchgrass as a feedstock. Switchgrass was pretreated using hydrothermolysis at 200 degrees C for 10 min. After pretreatment, insoluble solids were separated from the liquid prehydrolyzate by filtration and washed with deionized water to remove soluble sugars and inhibitors.