On the Process and Product Fingerprints for Electro Sinter Forging (ESF).

Electro sinter forging (ESF) represents an innovative manufacturing process dealing with high electrical currents. Classified in the category of electrical current assisted sintering (ECAS) processes, the main principle is that Joule heating is generated inside the compacted powder, while the electrical current is flowing. The process is optimized through the analysis of the main process parameters, namely the electrical current density, sintering time, and compaction pressure, which are also evaluated as process fingerprints.