Patient Safety Monitoring in Acute Care in a Decentralized National Health Care System: Conceptual Framework and Initial Set of Actionable Indicators.

Objectives: Monitoring patient safety is critical for continuous quality improvement in acute care. We carried out a national project to identify a conceptual framework with core indicators that could be uniformly applied in the decentralized health system of Italy.

Methods: We used key international references to identify a framework with a core list of indicators and data sources for calculation in 4 hospitals in the Lombardy region.

The taxation of unhealthy energy-dense foods (EDFs) and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs): An overview of patterns observed in the policy content and policy context of 13 case studies.

Taxation of energy-dense foods (EDFs) and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is increasingly of interest as a novel public health and fiscal policy instrument. However academic interest in policy determinants has remained limited. We address this paucity by comparing the policy content and policy context of EDF/SSB taxes witnessed in 13 case studies, of which we assume the tax is sufficiently high to induce behavioural change.