Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effects of L-Carnitine-Fumarate on Oral Streptococcal Strains and .

is a major pathogenic habitant of oral caries. Owing to its physiological and biochemical features, it prevails in the form of plaque biofilm together with another important mutans streptococci species, . Both species are considered as initiators of cavity lesions, and biofilm is essential to the dental caries process.

Inhibitory effect of theaflavin-3,3'-digallate can involve its binding to the "stem" domain of α-hemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus.

Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus are currently a worldwide threat affecting millions of individuals. The pathogenicity of S. aureus is associated with numerous virulence factors, including cell surface proteins, polysaccharides, and secreted toxins.

Inhibition of α-hemolysin activity of Staphylococcus aureus by theaflavin 3,3'-digallate.

The ongoing rise in antibiotic resistance, and a waning of the introduction of new antibiotics, has resulted in limited treatment options for bacterial infections, including these caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, leaving the world in a post-antibiotic era. Here, we set out to examine mechanisms by which theaflavin 3,3'-digallate (TF3) might act as an anti-hemolytic compound. In the presented study, we found that TF3 has weak bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on Staphylococcus aureus, and strong inhibitory effect towards the hemolytic activity of its α-hemolysin (Hla) including its production and secretion.

Phytochemicals and micronutrients in suppressing infectivity caused by SARS-CoV-2 virions and seasonal coronavirus HCoV-229E in vivo.

SARS-CoV-2 infection still poses health threats especially to older and immunocompromised individuals. New emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2, including Omicron and Arcturus, have been challenging the effectiveness of humoral immunity resulting from repeated vaccination and infection. With recent study implying a wave of new mutants in vaccinated people making them more susceptible to the newest variants and fueling a rapid viral evolution, there is a need for alternative or adjunct approaches against coronavirus infections other than vaccines.

[Retracted] Effects of nutrients on matrix metalloproteinases in human T‑lymphotropic virus type 1 positive and negative malignant T‑lymphocytes.

Subsequently to the publication of the above article, a concerned reader drew to the attention of the Editorial Office and the authors that certain pairings of the GAPDH western blotting control bands in Fig. 4 appeared to be strikingly similar to adjacent pairings of bands within the same gel slices; moreover, data bands featured in the HuT‑2, C91‑PL and Jurkat zymography blots in Fig. 5 also appeared to be remarkably similar, both comparing the bands within a given gel slice (as in the case of the Jurkat cell experiment in Fig.

Linoleic acid binds to SARS-CoV-2 RdRp and represses replication of seasonal human coronavirus OC43.

Fatty acids belong to a group of compounds already acknowledged for their broad antiviral efficacy. However, little is yet known about their effect on replication of human coronaviruses. To shed light on this subject, we first screened 15 fatty acids, three lipid-soluble vitamins, and cholesterol, on SARS-CoV-2 RdRp, and identified the four fatty acids with the highest RdRp inhibitory potential.

Inhibition of -Induced TLR2-NFκB Canonical Signaling by Gallic Acid through Targeting the CD14+ Adaptor Protein and p65 Molecule.

The cases of Lyme disease caused by infection have been increasing throughout Northern America and Europe. This pathogen, if not treated in a timely manner with antibiotics, can cause persisting and debilitating health outcomes. In the search for novel agents against , we investigated a phenolic compound-gallic acid-for its anti- and anti-inflammatory effects.

Composition of naturally occurring compounds decreases activity of Omicron and SARS-CoV-2 RdRp complex.

Naturally-occurring compounds are acknowledged for their broad antiviral efficacy. Little is however known about their mutual cooperation. Here, we evaluated in vitro efficacy of the defined mixture of agents against the RdRp complex of the original SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron variant.

Inhibitory effects of specific combination of natural compounds against SARS-CoV-2 and its Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Kappa, and Mu variants.

Despite vaccine availability, the global spread of COVID-19 continues, largely facilitated by emerging SARS-CoV-2 mutations. Our earlier research documented that a specific combination of plant-derived compounds can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 binding to its ACE2 receptor and controlling key cellular mechanisms of viral infectivity. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of a defined mixture of plant extracts and micronutrients against original SARS-CoV-2 and its Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Kappa, and Mu variants.

A nutrient mixture reduced tumor growth of SK-UT-1 human leiomyosarcoma cells in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting MMPs and inducing apoptosis.

Background: Uterine leiomyosarcoma is a rare malignant smooth muscle tumor originating in the uterine wall that generally responds poorly to chemotherapy and radiation.

Aim: We investigated the in vitro effects of a novel nutrient mixture containing lysine, proline, ascorbic acid, and green tea extract on the human leiomyosarcoma cell line SK-UT-1 by measuring cell proliferation, invasiveness, apoptosis, and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). We also tested the effects of nutrient mixture in vivo using nude mice.

Age and Dietary Vitamin C Intake Affect Brain Physiology in Genetically Modified Mice Expressing Human Lipoprotein(A) and Unable to Synthesize Vitamin C.

Aims: Lipoprotein (a) deposition in coronary vascular plaques and cerebral vessels is a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and research supports its role as a "repair factor" in vascular walls weakened by vitamin C deficiency.

Background: Humans depend on dietary vitamin C as an important antioxidant and as a cofactor in collagen synthesis, yet are prone to vitamin C deficiency. The brain is the one with the highest vitamin C content, owing to its high oxygen consumption and oxidative stress.

Dietary Vitamin C and Age-Induced Lipid and Hormonal Metabolic Changes in a Humanized Mouse Model Not Synthesizing Vitamin C and Producing Lipoprotein(a) [Gulo (-/-); Lp(a)+].

The lack of ability to produce vitamin C innately and the ability to synthesize human lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) are two unique metabolic features present in humans, compared with most other animal species. The Gulo (-/-) and Lp(a)+ mouse model displays these two features and is therefore suitable for the study of metabolic aspects relevant to human metabolism. It is a well-known fact that vitamin C is essential in collagen synthesis, and in maintaining extracellular matrix integrity, as well as being a powerful antioxidant and cofactor in many metabolic pathways, which makes it a critically important micronutrient for health and healthy aging.

Phenolic compounds disrupt spike-mediated receptor-binding and entry of SARS-CoV-2 pseudo-virions.

In the pursuit of suitable and effective solutions to SARS-CoV-2 infection, we investigated the efficacy of several phenolic compounds in controlling key cellular mechanisms involved in its infectivity. The way the SARS-CoV-2 virus infects the cell is a complex process and comprises four main stages: attachment to the cognate receptor, cellular entry, replication and cellular egress. Since, this is a multi-part process, it creates many opportunities to develop effective interventions.

Polyunsaturated ω-3 fatty acids inhibit ACE2-controlled SARS-CoV-2 binding and cellular entry.

The strain SARS-CoV-2, newly emerged in late 2019, has been identified as the cause of COVID-19 and the pandemic declared by WHO in early 2020. Although lipids have been shown to possess antiviral efficacy, little is currently known about lipid compounds with anti-SARS-CoV-2 binding and entry properties. To address this issue, we screened, overall, 17 polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids, as wells as lipid-soluble vitamins.

Inhibition of ACE2 Expression by Ascorbic Acid Alone and its Combinations with Other Natural Compounds.

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme II or ACE2 is an integral membrane protein present on many types of cells, including vascular endothelial cells and lung alveolar epithelial cells. This receptor serves as the entry point for SARS-coronaviruses (SARS-CoVs), including a novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV. Limited availability of these receptors can thwart cellular entry of this virus.

Vitamin C inhibits the calcification process in human vascular smooth muscle cells.

Vascular calcification is a pathophysiological process that is associated with coronary atherosclerosis, and is a prognostic marker of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The process of arterial wall calcification is triggered and accompanied by pro-osteogenic phenotypical modifications of resident smooth muscle cells (SMC). Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential nutrient required to support the production of extracellular matrix components and maintain healthy connective tissue.

Specific composition of polyphenolic compounds with fatty acids as an approach in helping to reduce spirochete burden in Lyme disease: and human observational study.

Background: Lyme disease (LD) is a tick-borne infection caused by sensu lato. The current therapeutic approach to this disease is limited to antibiotics. However, after their administration, about 20% of patients experience delayed onset of this illness manifesting as lingering persistent symptoms.

Erratum: Efficacy of nutritional treatment in patients with psoriasis: A case report.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.

10-undecynoic acid is a new anti-adherent agent killing biofilm of oral Streptococcus spp.

In the search for novel agents against oral pathogens in their planktonic and biofilm form, we have focused our attention on 10-undecynoic acid as the representative of the acetylenic fatty acids. Using macro-broth susceptibility testing method we first established MIC value. Next, the MBC value was determined from a broth dilution minimum inhibitory concentration test by sub-culturing it to BHI agar plates that did not contain the test agent.

Anti-borreliae efficacy of selected organic oils and fatty acids.

Background: Borrelia sp. is a causative pathogen of Lyme disease which has become a worldwide health concern. Non-toxic approaches especially directed toward latent persistent forms of this pathogen are desired.

Down regulation of u-PA by a nutrient mixture in hemangioma (EOMA) cells by inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis.

Unlabelled: Hemangiomas are the most common congenital vascular and benign tumor in infants and children. Most hemangiomas do not cause major symptoms to require intervention, however, the larger hemangiomas have tendency to bleed and may require surgical removal. Experimental studies have demonstrated the role of urokinase plasminogen activator (u-PA), especially cell surface u-PA, as an initiator of extra-cellular matrix proteolysis and associated tumor cell invasion.

Glial loss of the metallo β-lactamase domain containing protein, SWIP-10, induces age- and glutamate-signaling dependent, dopamine neuron degeneration.

Across phylogeny, glutamate (Glu) signaling plays a critical role in regulating neural excitability, thus supporting many complex behaviors. Perturbed synaptic and extrasynaptic Glu homeostasis in the human brain has been implicated in multiple neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's disease, where theories suggest that excitotoxic insults may accelerate a naturally occurring process of dopamine (DA) neuron degeneration. In C.

Reciprocal cooperation of phytochemicals and micronutrients against typical and atypical forms of Borrelia sp.

Aims: Borrelia sp., a causative pathogenic factor of Lyme disease (LD), has become a major public health threat. Current treatments based on antibiotics often lead to relapse after their withdrawal.