Sex differences in functional outcomes of intravenous thrombolysis among patients with lacunar stroke.

Background: This study aimed to assess if there are sex differences in the functional outcome of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) among patients with lacunar stroke (LS).

Methods: Consecutive patients admitted from 1 January 2014 to 31 January 2020 to hospitals participating in the Swiss Stroke Registry presenting with LS and treated with IVT were included. The study population was then divided into two groups based on patient sex, and a multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to uncover sex differences in the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 90 days after stroke.

Ischaemic stroke despite antiplatelet therapy: Causes and outcomes.

Background: Ischaemic stroke may occur despite antiplatelet therapy (APT). We aimed to investigate frequency, potential causes and outcomes in patients with ischaemic stroke despite APT.

Methods: In this cohort study, we enrolled patients with imaging-confirmed ischaemic stroke from the Swiss Stroke Registry (01/2014-07/2022).

Sex Differences in Outcomes of Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients with Preadmission Use of Antiplatelets.

Aim: To compare safety and functional outcomes of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) between females and males with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) in relation to preadmission use of antiplatelets.

Methods: Multicentre cohort study of patients admitted from 1 January 2014 to 31 January 2020 to hospitals participating in the Swiss Stroke Registry, presenting with AIS and receiving IVT. Primary safety outcome was in-hospital symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage (sICH).

Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Current Practice, Awareness and Prehospital Delays in Switzerland.

Background And Purpose: Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) often leads to permanent monocular blindness. Hence, early recognition and rapid re-perfusion is of paramount importance. This study aims to describe prehospital pathways in CRAO compared to stroke and study the knowledge about CRAO.

Effect of admission time on provision of acute stroke treatment at stroke units and stroke centers-An analysis of the Swiss Stroke Registry.

Introduction: Rapid treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) depends on sufficient staffing which differs between Stroke Centers and Stroke Units in Switzerland. We studied the effect of admission time on performance measures of AIS treatment and related temporal trends over time.

Patients And Methods: We compared treatment rates, door-to-image-time, door-to-needle-time, and door-to-groin-puncture-time in stroke patients admitted during office hours (Monday-Friday 8:00-17:59) and non-office hours at all certified Stroke Centers and Stroke Units in Switzerland, as well as secular trends thereof between 2014 and 2019, using data from the Swiss Stroke Registry.

Distance Neurological Supervision Using Telestroke Does Not Increase Door-to-Needle Time in Acute Ischemic Stroke Management: The Experience of Two Regional Stroke Units.

Timely administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) improves clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients. This study aims to explore the influence of the systematic presence on site of a neurologist compared with telestroke management on door-to-needle time in acute ischemic stroke outside of working hours (OWH). This retrospective cohort study included all r-tPA-treated patients in the emergency rooms of two Swiss stroke units, Nyon Hospital [Groupement Hospitalier de l'Ouest Lémanique (GHOL)] and Fribourg Hospital [Hôpital de Fribourg (HFR)], between February 2014 and September 2018.

Association of Time of Day When Endovascular Therapy for Stroke Starts and Functional Outcome.

Objective: To investigate the association between endovascular therapy (EVT) start time in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and midterm functional outcome.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all patients with AIS treated with EVT from 2 stroke center registries from January 2012 to December 2018. The primary outcome was the score on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and the utility-weighted mRS (uw-mRS) at 90 days.

Predictors of the pulsatility index in the middle cerebral artery of acute stroke patients.

Cervical and transcranial Doppler (TCD) are widely used as non-invasive methods in the evaluation of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. High-grade carotid artery stenosis induces haemodynamic changes such as collateral flow and a so-called post-stenotic flow pattern of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), which appears flattened, with a reduction of the velocity difference between systole and diastole. We studied the influence of carotid artery stenosis and other variables on the flow pattern in the MCA using the pulsatility index (PI), a quantitative TCD parameter reflecting the flow spectrum in a large of cohort AIS patients.

Prior Anticoagulation in Patients with Ischemic Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate, in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and acute ischemic stroke, the association of prior anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) with stroke severity, utilization of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), safety of IVT, and 3-month outcomes.

Methods: This was a cohort study of consecutive patients (2014-2019) on anticoagulation versus those without (controls) with regard to stroke severity, rates of IVT/mechanical thrombectomy, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 0-2) at 3 months.

Results: Of 8,179 patients (mean [SD] age, 79.

The impact of LuxF on light intensity in bacterial bioluminescence.

The enzymes involved in bacterial bioluminescence are encoded in the lux operon with a conserved gene order of luxCDABEG. Some photobacterial strains carry an additional gene, termed luxF, which produces the LuxF protein, whose function and influence on bacterial bioluminescence is still uncertain. The LuxF protein binds the flavin derivative 6-(3'-(R)-myristyl)-flavin mononucleotide (myrFMN), which is generated as a side product in the luciferase-catalyzed reaction.

Oxidative cyclization of -methyl-dopa by a fungal flavoenzyme of the amine oxidase family.

Flavin-dependent enzymes catalyze many oxidations, including formation of ring structures in natural products. The gene cluster for biosynthesis of fumisoquins, secondary metabolites structurally related to isoquinolines, in the filamentous fungus harbors a gene that encodes a flavoprotein of the amine oxidase family, termed (fumisoquin biosynthesis gene B). This enzyme catalyzes an oxidative ring closure reaction that leads to the formation of isoquinoline products.

In Situ Measurement and Correlation of Cell Density and Light Emission of Bioluminescent Bacteria.

There is a considerable number of bacterial species capable of emitting light. All of them share the same gene cluster, namely the lux operon. Despite this similarity, these bacteria show extreme variations in characteristics like growth behavior, intensity of light emission or regulation of bioluminescence.

An uncommon complication of infection: Polyradiculoneuritis following Listeria meningoencephalitis.

, primarily a foodborne pathogen, is commonly responsible for disorders affecting the central nervous system and cranial nerves. We hereby present the first case to our knowledge of listeriosis linked to a peripheral neurological disorder causing acute upper limb weakness.

The single berberine bridge enzyme homolog of Physcomitrella patens is a cellobiose oxidase.

Unlabelled: The berberine bridge enzyme from the California poppy Eschscholzia californica (EcBBE) catalyzes the oxidative cyclization of (S)-reticuline to (S)-scoulerine, that is, the formation of the berberine bridge in the biosynthesis of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids. Interestingly, a large number of BBE-like genes have been identified in plants that lack alkaloid biosynthesis. This finding raised the question of the primordial role of BBE in the plant kingdom, which prompted us to investigate the closest relative of EcBBE in Physcomitrella patens (PpBBE1), the most basal plant harboring a BBE-like gene.

Evaluation and validation of an automatic jaw movement recorder (RumiWatch) for ingestive and rumination behaviors of dairy cows during grazing and supplementation.

Observation of ingestive and rumination behaviors of dairy cows may assist in detecting diseases, controlling reproductive status, and estimating intake. However, direct observation of cows on pasture is time consuming and can be difficult to realize. Consequently, different systems have been developed to automatically record behavioral characteristics; among them is the RumiWatch System (RWS; Itin and Hoch GmbH, Liestal, Switzerland).

[Creating a stroke unit in a community hospital improves the management of stroke patients].

Dramatic advances in recent years have changed the care of stroke patients. Creation of stroke hubs with centers and units achieved a significant reduction in mortality and morbidity. The indications for acute therapies such as intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment target an increasing proportion of stroke patients.

Evaluation of the RumiWatchSystem for measuring grazing behaviour of cows.

Feeding behaviour is an important parameter of animal performance, health and welfare, as well as reflecting levels and quality of feed available. Previously, sensors were only used for measuring animal feeding behaviour in indoor housing systems. However, sensors such as the RumiWatchSystem can also monitor such behaviour continuously in pasture-based environments.

Leucine 208 in human histamine N-methyltransferase emerges as a hotspot for protein stability rationalizing the role of the L208P variant in intellectual disability.

The degradation of histamine catalyzed by the SAM-dependent histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT) is critically important for the maintenance of neurological processes. Recently, two mutations in the encoding human gene were reported to give rise to dysfunctional protein variants (G60D and L208P) leading to intellectual disability. In the present study, we have expressed eight L208 variants with either apolar (L208F and L208V), polar (L208N and L208T) or charged (L208D, L208H, L208K and L208R) amino acids to define the impact of side chain variations on protein structure and function.

Development and validation of a novel pedometer algorithm to quantify extended characteristics of the locomotor behavior of dairy cows.

Behavior is one of the most important indicators for assessing cattle health and well-being. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a novel algorithm to monitor locomotor behavior of loose-housed dairy cows based on the output of the RumiWatch pedometer (ITIN+HOCH GmbH, Fütterungstechnik, Liestal, Switzerland). Data of locomotion were acquired by simultaneous pedometer measurements at a sampling rate of 10 Hz and video recordings for manual observation later.

Investigation of memory, executive functions, and anatomic correlates in asymptomatic FMR1 premutation carriers.

Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a late-onset movement disorder associated with FMR1 premutation alleles. Asymptomatic premutation (aPM) carriers have preserved cognitive functions, but they present subtle executive deficits. Current efforts are focusing on the identification of specific cognitive markers that can detect aPM carriers at higher risk of developing FXTAS.

Ribosomal protein S3 interacts with the NF-κB inhibitor IκBα.

Ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3) is part of nuclear, transcriptionally active and cytoplasmic inhibitory complexes containing NF-κB variant p65. We show that in resting HEK293 cells, RPS3 interacts with NF-κB inhibitor IκBα. In contrast, efficient co-precipitation of p65 with RPS3 was only achieved in the presence of ectopic IκBα.

Brain structure in asymptomatic FMR1 premutation carriers at risk for fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome.

Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), a late-onset movement disorder affecting FMR1 premutation carriers, is associated with cerebral and cerebellar lesions. The aim of this study was to test whether computational anatomy can detect similar patterns in asymptomatic FMR1 premutation carriers (mean age 46.7 years) with qualitatively normal -appearing grey and white matter on brain MRI.