Reduction genioplasty for mandibular prognathism and long chin.

Background: When evaluating patients' profile, surgeons usually note the lack of the chin projection and may suggest chin augmentation, but they rarely discuss reduction of an over-projecting chin. This is unfortunate, since there are quite many individuals who have macrogenia and would aesthetically benefit from corrective surgery, but the chin reduction is seldom offered. The reason for this is the lack of experience, lack of the technical equipment necessary, or sometimes lack of knowledge.

Calf Augmentation and Restoration: Long-Term Results and the Review of the Reported Complications.

Background: Augmentation or reconstruction of the calves is indicated in patients with thin legs, for bodybuilders, or when there is a defect after an injury or illness. The principle of placing implants under the investing crural fascia was worked out in the 1980s. The senior author (I.

Noses of the Middle East: Variety of Phenotypes and Surgical Approaches.

Background: The Middle East (ME) proper, a vast area between the East coast of the Mediterranean Sea and Afghanistan, is populated by many nations and tribes. Several nose phenotypes are prevalent throughout the region, but there is no published study encompassing and exploring nose phenotypes encountered in the various countries and subregions of the ME.

Methods: The current study was based on the analysis of compiled data from 1207 patients of ME origin (53% of my total rhinoplasty patient cohort) operated by the author during the years 1985 to 2015.

Mondor's subcutaneous banding after transaxillary breast augmentation: case report and the review of literature.

Unlabelled: Mondor's disease is a rare benign condition characterized by the formation of subcutaneous bands or strings in various locations, generally assumed to be symptoms of thrombophlebitis or phlebitis of the subcutaneous veins. Some findings, however, point toward a lymphatic origin of the bands. More biopsies of the cord and histologic studies are necessary to resolve this dispute.

Facial reconstruction using porous high-density polyethylene (medpor): long-term results.

Unlabelled: Medpor is a biocompatible, porous, high-density polyethylene implant material used as a skeleton substitute. During the last two decades, it has been successfully applied for aesthetic contour enhancement and at reconstruction of the facial skeleton. Reports on the long-term host tissue tolerance of Medpor are sparse.

A plea to control medical tourism.

The growing phenomenon of patients seeking medical procedures abroad (MPA), formerly known as a medical tourism, is discussed. The dark side of the trend is exemplified by the tragic case of a 31-year-old Swedish woman who upon seeing a web advertisement went to Gdansk, Poland, to have breast augmentation. The operation was performed in an old hospital quite different from the modern hospital depicted in the ad.

Skoog rhinoplasty revisited.

Background: Accurate restoration of the smooth nasal bridge contour may be difficult to achieve after removal of the hump during reduction rhinoplasty. In patients with thin skin, a projecting septum or sharp bone edges can spoil an otherwise excellent result. To prevent dorsal irregularities from arising and to preserve the nasal roof, the technique of autografting the reduced nasal dorsum was introduced by Cottle and Skoog.

Improvements in transaxillary breast augmentation.

Background: Roughly 90% of breast augmentations are done through the submammary approach, yet patients, given the choice, sometimes choose the transaxillary approach, with the inconspicuous scar hidden in the axilla. Because the transaxillary approach is technically demanding and is performed relatively rarely, many plastic surgeons never master the technique.

Methods: From 1988 to 2009, 140 patients underwent transaxillary breast augmentation by the author, who developed several innovations and improvements for planning of this operation, its technical execution, and postoperative care.

Prospective study comparing two brands of cohesive gel breast implants with anatomic shape: 5-year follow-up evaluation.

Background: The new generation of breast implants has an anatomic shape. These implants are made with a textured shell and filled with a cohesive silicone gel. Available since 1993 except in the United States, these implants are gaining in popularity for breast enlargement and reconstruction.

Calf augmentation and restoration.

Background: Calf augmentation is indicated for cosmetic reasons or to reconstruct a shrunken lower leg that is the result of injury, illness, or congenital disability. Calf implants are made of solid semisoft silicone, which can be customized by carving, or of a thick shell of solid silicone containing cohesive silicone.

Methods: During the years 1991 through 2004, 18 patients (13 women and five men) underwent 20 calf augmentations at the Lidingö Clinic in Stockholm.

Transpalpebral browpexy.

Transpalpebral browpexy could be performed as an adjuvant procedure to the upper blepharoplasty or as a separate procedure. It is done by separating interdigitalizing connections between the orbicularis and frontalis muscles, moving the orbicular part of the orbicularis muscle with overlying brow to the more cephalad position and again uniting both of these muscles with nonresorbable sutures in a new higher position. During the years 1990 to 1999, 55 patients (47 women and eight men) were operated on with this technique, which was partially developed by the author.

Mammary augmentation by cohesive silicone gel implants with anatomic shape: technical considerations.

Anatomically formed cohesive silicon gel implants for mammary augmentation or restoration were first introduced in 1993. They have been allowed for use in the most of European countries, but not in the Northern America for the past few years. These implants are appreciated by many patients, but they are still controversial, because the whole concept of treatment is different from the techniques used for implants filled with normal saline or liquid silicone.

Lip enhancement: surgical alternatives and histologic aspects.

This study included 66 consecutive patients, 58 women and 8 men, who underwent 86 surgical procedures on the lips during 1989-1998. Lip enlargement was performed in 59 patients, and lip reduction was performed in 7 patients. Indications were purely aesthetic in 61 cases and reconstructive in 5 cases.

Porous polyethylene implants for nasal reconstruction: clinical and histologic studies.

This paper describes a technique of using Medpor porous high-density polyethylene implants for nasal reconstruction and chin augmentation. This biocompatible material has been used successfully during the last decade for various applications in the reconstruction of the facial skeleton. Among its most frequent uses are repair of the orbital floor and reconstruction of the burned ear, which became standard methods at many centers.

Ethnic profile of patients undergoing aesthetic rhinoplasty in Stockholm.

During 1985-1995 we performed 640 rhinoplasties in 578 patients. Five hundred eighteen of them were inhabitants of the Province of Stockholm, with a population of 1,708,502. The patients from the Stockholm area were analyzed and divided into subgroups depending on their ethnic origin.

Two methods of anesthesia for rhinoplasty in outpatient setting.

This retrospective study was designed with the aim to evaluate suitability of two methods of anesthesia: local anesthesia combined with sedation (midazolam + pethidine) or dissociative (midazolam + ketamine hydrochloride) anesthesia for performing rhinoplasties in an outpatient setting. During 1985-1994, we performed 516 rhinoplasties in 464 patients. Sedation and local anesthesia was used in 263, and dissociative and local anesthesia in 253 procedures.

Long-term results of fat transplantation: clinical and histologic studies.

Nine cases of idiopathic constitutional subcutaneous fat atrophy in the cheek area during the years 1988-1992 were treated by the autologous transplantation of fat for purely aesthetic reasons. The fat graft suspension was obtained by the low-power aspiration technique with the use of a vacuum pump. The contour defects were initially overcorrected by approximately 50 percent more volume than required.

Diagnostic criteria of vascular lesions in the face.

Diagnostic criteria of vascular lesions in the face were studied in a series of 57 patients investigated and treated during the years 1980 to 1990. Twenty-eight had hemangiomas and malformations, and 29 had telangiectasia. At present, the histological diagnoses are most commonly used to describe vascular lesions, but unfortunately this gives little idea of the actual appearance of the lesion.