Evaluation of a smartphone-based markerless system to measure lower-limb kinematics in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

OpenCap, a smartphone-based markerless system, offers a cost-effective alternative to traditional marker-based systems for gait analysis. However, its kinematic measurement accuracy must be evaluated before widespread use in clinical practice. This study aimed to evaluate OpenCap for lower-limb joint angle measurements during walking in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to compare error metrics between patients and healthy controls.

Neuronal guidance factor Sema3A inhibits neurite ingrowth and prevents chondrocyte hypertrophy in the degeneration of knee cartilage in mice, monkeys and humans.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease accompanied with the loss of cartilage and consequent nociceptive symptoms. Normal articular cartilage maintains at aneural state. Neuron guidance factor Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) is a membrane-associated secreted protein with chemorepulsive properties for axons.

Enhanced oxidation and in-situ coagulation Fe(Ⅱ)/peroxymonosulfate-Mn(Ⅶ) process for carbamazepine removal: Multiple promoting effects of Mn and direct/indirect regulation of Cl- on active substances transformation.

Slow transformation efficiency of Fe(III)/Fe(II) limits the generation of radicals in peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), and these radicals was easy to be interfered by the presence of water constituents. In addition, in-situ coagulation during this oxidation process was neglected. This study proposed Fe(II)/PMS-Mn(VII) in the presence of chlorides ions (FPMC) process to reveal multiple promoting effects of Mn on redox cycle of Fe(III)/Fe(II) and different reactive mechanisms of Cl on types of radicals generation pathways, and the in-situ coagulation enhanced mechanisms was investigated.

Validity of an inertial measurement system to measure lower-limb kinematics in patients with hip and knee pathology.

Gait analysis for patients with orthopedic joint diseases is crucial to understand their functional status. Inertial measurement unit (IMU) systems, as alternatives to optical motion capture (OMC) systems, enable gait analysis outside the laboratory. However, their accuracy requires validated before widespread clinical use.

Validation of full-length radiograph based musculoskeletal modeling method to estimate medial and lateral knee contact forces.

Background: Anatomical parameters of the pelvis, femur, and tibia derived from the full-length radiograph can be used to create a more accurate musculoskeletal model compared to marker-based linear scaling method. However, whether this model leads to more accurate estimations of medial knee contact force (MCF) and lateral knee contact force (LCF) than marker-based linear scaling method is still unknown.

Research Question: This main purpose of this study was to determine whether musculoskeletal model generated from full-length radiograph improves the estimations of MCF and LCF.

Coagulation performance and mechanism of different novel covalently bonded organic silicon-aluminum/iron composite coagulant for As(V) removal from water: The role of hydrolysate species and the effect of coexisting microplastics.

Arsenate [As(V)] pollution is a challenge for water treatment, and the effect of coexisting microplastics (MPs) on As(V) removal is still not clear. In this study, series novel covalently bonded organic silicon-aluminum/iron composite coagulants (CSA/F) with different Al/Fe molar ratios were prepared for enhancing As(V) removal. The effect mechanism of MPs (PS MPs and PS-COOH MPs) on As(V) removal by using CSAF coagulation was analyzed.

Biodegradation of Crude Oil by Nitrate-Reducing, Sulfate-Reducing, and Methanogenic Microbial Communities under High-Pressure Conditions.

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is an important component in many national net-zero strategies, and ensuring that CO can be safely and economically stored in geological systems is critical. Recent discoveries have shown that microbial processes (e.g.

Stochastic lattice-based porous implant design for improving the stress transfer in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Background: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has been proved to be a successful treatment for osteoarthritis patients. However, the stress shielding caused by mismatch in mechanical properties between human bones and artificial implants remains as a challenging issue. This study aimed to properly design a bionic porous tibial implant and evaluate its biomechanical effect in reconstructing stress transfer pathway after UKA surgery.

The evolution of autonomy from two cooperative specialists in fluctuating environments.

From microbes to humans, organisms perform numerous tasks for their survival, including food acquisition, migration, and reproduction. A complex biological task can be performed by either an autonomous organism or by cooperation among several specialized organisms. However, it remains unclear how autonomy and cooperation evolutionarily switch.

Global diversity and ecological functions of viruses inhabiting oil reservoirs.

Oil reservoirs, being one of the significant subsurface repositories of energy and carbon, host diverse microbial communities affecting energy production and carbon emissions. Viruses play crucial roles in the ecology of microbiomes, however, their distribution and ecological significance in oil reservoirs remain undetermined. Here, we assemble a catalogue encompassing viral and prokaryotic genomes sourced from oil reservoirs.

Diversity and host interaction of the gut microbiota in specific pathogen-free pigs.

Pigs are widely used as animal models in various studies related to humans. The interaction between the gut microbiota and the host has significant effects on the host's health and disease status. However, although there have been many studies investigating the pig gut microbiota, the findings have been inconsistent due to variations in rearing conditions.

Efficacy and Safety of Ultrasound-Guided Acupotomy Versus Celecoxib in Patients with Thoracodorsal Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided acupotomy (UgA) for the treatment of thoracodorsal myofascial pain syndrome (TDMPS) and monitor its mid-term efficacy at 3 months after treatment. A 3-week, evaluator-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted among 100 patients with TDMPS (visual analogue scale [VAS] score > 3) in the outpatient clinic of the Department of Orthopaedics of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, with a 3-month follow-up starting after completion of treatment. These patients were randomly assigned to receive UgA ( = 50) or oral celecoxib ( = 50).

Cartilage-Inspired, High-Strength, and Heat-Tolerant Lubricating Hydrogels by Macrophase Separation.

Hydrogels are considered as a potential cartilage replacement material based on their structure being similar to natural cartilage, which are of great significance in repairing cartilage defects. However, it is difficult for the existing hydrogels to combine the high load bearing and low friction properties (37 °C) of cartilage through sample methods. Herein, we report a facile and new fabrication strategy to construct the PNIPAm/EYL hydrogel by using the macrophase separation of supersaturated -isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) monomer solution to promote the formation of liposomes from egg yolk lecithin (EYL) and asymmetric template method.

Relationship Between 2 Years of Muscle Strength Decrease and Volume Loss of Menisci and Cartilage According to Knee Pain in Mild and Moderate Knee Osteoarthritis.

Objective: The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between 2-yr changes in muscle strength and cartilage according to knee pain in mild and moderate knee osteoarthritis.

Design: Two hundred seventy-nine participants were retrospectively obtained from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Western Ontario McMaster University and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score were used to assess pain and function.

The second complete mitochondrial genome of within the family Capillidiaceae, Entomophthorales.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the entomophthoroid fungus (strain no.: ATCC 12588) was sequenced using next-generation sequencing technology. The assembled circular genome has a length of 46,756 base pairs with a GC content of 27.

Full-length radiograph based automatic musculoskeletal modeling using convolutional neural network.

Full-length radiographs contain information from which many anatomical parameters of the pelvis, femur, and tibia may be derived, but only a few anatomical parameters are used for musculoskeletal modeling. This study aimed to develop a fully automatic algorithm to extract anatomical parameters from full-length radiograph to generate a musculoskeletal model that is more accurate than linear scaled one. A U-Net convolutional neural network was trained to segment the pelvis, femur, and tibia from the full-length radiograph.

Coagulation performance and mechanism analysis of humic acid by using covalently bonded coagulants: effect of pH and matching mechanism of humic acid functional groups.

Conventional inorganic coagulants (Al, Fe) and Al/Fe-based covalently bonded flocculants (CAFMs) had different hydrolysis species at different pHs, which subsequently led to differences in their binding sites and complexation ability with humic acid (HA). Studying the binding sites and interactions between CAFMs, AlCl (Al), and FeCl (Fe) hydrolysates and HA molecules is critical to understanding the coagulation mechanism. The results found that CAFM , Al, and AlCl combined FeCl (Al/Fe) removed more than 90% of HA at pH 6, and CAFMs showed higher HA removal rate than that of Al, Fe, and Al/Fe under the same reaction conditions.

Sprayable Zwitterionic Antibacterial Hydrogel With High Mechanical Resilience and Robust Adhesion for Joint Wound Treatment.

Wound healing in movable parts, including the joints and neck, remains a critical challenge due to frequent motions and poor flexibility of dressings, which may lead to mismatching of mechanical properties and poor fitting between dressings and wounds; thus, increasing the risk of bacterial infection. This study proposes a sprayable zwitterionic antibacterial hydrogel with outstanding flexibility and desirable adhesion. This hydrogel precursor is fabricated by combining zwitterionic sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) with poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate-co-dopamine methacrylamide)-modified silver nanoparticles (PSBDA@AgNPs) through robust electrostatic interactions.