Multimodal machine learning enables AI chatbot to diagnose ophthalmic diseases and provide high-quality medical responses.

Chatbot-based multimodal AI holds promise for collecting medical histories and diagnosing ophthalmic diseases using textual and imaging data. This study developed and evaluated the ChatGPT-powered Intelligent Ophthalmic Multimodal Interactive Diagnostic System (IOMIDS) to enable patient self-diagnosis and self-triage. IOMIDS included a text model and three multimodal models (text + slit-lamp, text + smartphone, text + slit-lamp + smartphone).

Experimental study and field application of hydraulic flushing technology in soft coal seam.

To enhance the safety of coal mining operations and improve the efficiency of gas extraction, hydraulic flushing technology has been widely used in low permeability coal seams. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of hydraulic flushing by conducting experiments focusing on four aspects: sample strength, punching pressure, punching position and vibration direction. The results show that an increase in hydraulic flushing pressure leads to a deeper impact groove, whereas higher sample strength results in a shallower groove.

High-temperature structural disorders stabilize hydrous aluminosilicates in the mantle transition zone.

Hydrous aluminosilicates are important deep water-carriers in sediments subducting into the deep mantle. To date, it remains enigmatic how hydrous aluminosilicates withstand extremely high temperatures in the mantle transition zone. Here we systematically investigate the crystal structures and chemical compositions of typical hydrous aluminosilicates using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, electron probe microanalyzer, and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry.

The association between radiotherapy and the prognosis of follicular lymphoma patients with different characteristics in the rituximab era: a cohort study based on Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results.

This retrospective cohort study examined the association between radiotherapy and prognosis in follicular lymphoma (FL) patients, with stratification by age, Ann Arbor stage, primary tumor site, surgical status, and grade. Using data from the SEER database, we employed Cox proportional hazards and competing risk models to assess the impact of radiotherapy on overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in 7,551 FL patients. The association between radiotherapy and second primary cancer (SPC) was explored using Logistic regression model.

Supercooled Liquids in a Core-Shell Coordination Structure for Practical Long-Term Energy Storage.

Mutual acquisition of phase-stability and controllable phase-transition becomes a predominant criterion of phase-change materials for the practical long-term energy storage but seems contradictory always. Here a strategy combining coordination and hydrogen bonds hierarchically to create a supercooled liquid in a core-shell coordination structure is reported, addressing that demand successfully. This new material is composed of a Mn-methylurea complex (MM) core and the hierarchically bonded erythritols shell.

Genomic profiles and their associations with microsatellite instability status, tumor mutational burden, and programmed death ligand 1 expression in Chinese patients with colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most prevalent malignancies globally, with a rising incidence observed in younger demographics. Despite surgical resection remaining the cornerstone of treatment, metastatic CRC poses significant therapeutic challenges. Immunotherapy, a mode of treatment that leverages the patient's immune system, presents a promising frontier in CRC management, particularly for late-stage cases with limited treatment options.

Muscle Fiber-Inspired High-Performance Strain Sensors for Motion Recognition and Control.

The rapid development of wearable technology, flexible electronics, and human-machine interaction has brought about revolutionary changes to the fields of motion analysis and physiological monitoring. Sensors for detecting human motion and physiological signals have become a hot topic of current research. Inspired by the muscle fiber structure, this paper proposed a highly stable strain sensor that was composed of stretchable Spandex fibers (SPF), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and silicone rubber (Ecoflex).

Enhancement of Thermochemical Energy Storage by Alkali Metal Chloride Salts-Doped Ca-Based Sorbents: A Combined DFT and Experimental Study.

In this paper, the enhancement of thermochemical energy storage by alkali metal chloride salts-doped Ca-based sorbents is revealed by experiments and DFT calculations. The results indicate that NaCl and KCl doping increases the reaction rate and cycle stability. Compared to CaO, the conversion of NaCl-CaO and KCl-CaO after one cycle is increased by 59.

The Relationship between Alzheimer's Disease and Ferroptosis: A Bibliometric Study Based on Citespace.

Background: The potential relationship between Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and ferroptosis has received considerable attention, yet there is no comprehensive visualization analysis in this field. This study aimed to explore the research frontiers and hotspots through bibliometric analysis.

Methods: Literature related to AD and ferroptosis was collected from the Web of Science Core Collection.

Bioengineer mesenchymal stem cell for treatment of glioma by IL-12 mediated microenvironment reprogramming and nCD47-SLAMF7 mediated phagocytosis regulation of macrophages.

High expression of cellular self-activated immunosuppressive molecules and extensive infiltration of suppressive immune cells in the tumor microenvironment are the main factors contributing to glioma's resistance to immunotherapy. Nonetheless, technology to modify the expression of glioma cellular self-molecules through gene editing requires further development. This project advances cell therapy strategies to reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment of glioma (TIME).

Spatial Distribution and Chronic Ecological risk Assessment of Typical Phthalate Esters in the Surface Waters of China.

The chronic ecological risks posed by residual PAEs in China remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the spatial distribution of five typical PAEs in the surface waters of China, dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), and dimethyl phthalate (DMP). The highest concentration of PAEs were detected in the Liao River, ranging from 5 to 79.

Investigation of pre-crash avoidance kinematics in pedestrians of different ages through volunteer experiment and scaling methodology.

Objective: Understanding pedestrians' pre-crash avoidance kinematics is crucial for improving the identification of potential collision areas in interactions with highly automated vehicles (HAVs). Age significantly influences pedestrian avoidance velocity and the subsequent crash risks. However, current active safety systems in HAVs often overlook the influence of pedestrians' avoidance velocity and age on imminent accidents.

Covalent triazine based organic polymers modified ionization source for rapid and sensitive analysis of phytoestrogens.

The monitoring of phytoestrogen levels in food is essential for ensuring food safety; however, the low concentrations and complex matrices pose significant technical challenges. In this study, covalent triazine based organic polymers (TCOPs) was innovatively synthesized in situ on the surface of a steel substrate (TCOPs-S). These novel TCOPs-S were utilized as adsorbents for solid-phase microextraction and ionization sources in ambient mass spectrometry, enabling the rapid detection of phytoestrogens.

Activation strategies and effectiveness of Intelligent safety systems for reducing pedestrian injuries in autonomous vehicles.

Intelligent safety systems (ISS) for autonomous vehicles, integrating advanced perception capabilities and passive protection devices, are expected to reshape traditional pedestrian safety systems and play a key role in reducing the risk of pedestrian injuries in traffic accidents. However, traditional active control and passive protection modules remain disconnected due to insufficient evidence supporting the effectiveness of collaborative strategies in integrated systems, particularly concerning activation criteria and timing. This study aims to address this gap by developing a comprehensive ISS that incorporates advanced perception systems, a vehicle dynamic control module, and controllable passive safety devices.

Impact of cognitive impairment on heart failure prognosis: insights into central nervous system mechanism.

Background: Epidemiological studies have indicated that patients with heart failure (HF) who experience cognitive impairment (CI) have a poor prognosis. While poor self-management and compliance are suggested as contributing factors, they do not fully explain the underlying mechanisms of high risk of cardiac events in HF patients with CI. Given the interconnectedness of CI and the autonomic nervous system (ANS), both regulated by the central nervous system, this study investigated the relationship among cognitive function, metabolism in ANS-related brain regions, and major arrhythmic events (MAEs) in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

A neural circuit from paratenial thalamic nucleus to anterior cingulate cortex for the regulation of opioid-induced hyperalgesia in male rats.

Prolonged use of opioids can lead to increased sensitivity to painful stimuli, a condition referred to as opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). However, the mechanisms underlying this contradictory situation remain unclear. This study elucidates the pivotal role of the paratenial thalamic nucleus (PT)-anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) neuronal circuit in the development of OIH in male rats.

Cold Sintering Halide-in-Oxide Composite Solid-State Electrolytes with Enhanced Ionic Conductivity.

All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) have attracted increasing attention for next-generation electrochemical energy storage due to their high energy density and enhanced safety, achieved through the use of nonflammable solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). Oxide-based SSEs, such as LiAlTi(PO) (LATP), are notable for their high ionic conductivity and excellent chemical and electrochemical oxidation stability. Nevertheless, their brittle mechanical properties and poor interface contact with electrode materials necessitate high-temperature and long-duration sintering or postcalcination processes, limiting their processability for real-world applications.

Enhanced oxidative degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol by iron oxychloride supported on graphitic carbon nitride via peroxymonosulfate activation: Significant role of Fe(II)/Fe(III) conversion cycle.

The activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) by heterogeneous catalysts presents an exciting but challenging strategy for degrading persistent organic pollutants in water. Iron oxychloride (FeOCl) is considered a promising heterogeneous catalyst due to its unique oxygen bridge structure, which could render it more active by facilitating the iron valence transitions between Fe(II) and Fe(III). However, the limited Fe(II)/Fe(III) conversion cycle rate hinders its catalytic activity, leading to unsatisfactory PMS activations in practical applications.

Fishing net-inspired PVA-chitosan-CNT hydrogels with high stretchability, sensitivity, and environmentally stability for textile strain sensors.

Soft electronic products are being extensively investigated in diverse applications including sensors and devices, due to their superior softness, responsiveness, and biocompatibility. One-dimensional (1-D) fiber electronic devices are recognized for their lightweight, wearable, and stretchable qualities, thus emerging as critical constituents for seamless integration with the human body and attire, exhibiting great potential in wearable applications. However, wearable conductive hydrogel fibers usually face challenges in combining stretchability and excellent stability, notably in high-temperature environment.