Safety and reactogenicity of a controlled human infection model of sand fly-transmitted cutaneous leishmaniasis.

The leishmaniases are globally important parasitic diseases for which no human vaccines are currently available. To facilitate vaccine development, we conducted an open-label observational study to establish a controlled human infection model (CHIM) of sand fly-transmitted cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania major. Between 24 January and 12 August 2022, we exposed 14 participants to L.

Mass spectrometry imaging identifies altered hepatic lipid signatures during experimental infection.

Introduction: Spatial analysis of lipids in inflammatory microenvironments is key to understand the pathogenesis of infectious disease. Granulomatous inflammation is a hallmark of leishmaniasis and changes in host and parasite lipid metabolism have been observed at the bulk tissue level in various infection models. Here, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is applied to spatially map hepatic lipid composition following infection with Leishmania , an experimental mouse model of visceral leishmaniasis.

Spatially Resolved Immunometabolism to Understand Infectious Disease Progression.

Infectious diseases, including those of viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic origin are often characterized by focal inflammation occurring in one or more distinct tissues. Tissue-specific outcomes of infection are also evident in many infectious diseases, suggesting that the local microenvironment may instruct complex and diverse innate and adaptive cellular responses resulting in locally distinct molecular signatures. In turn, these molecular signatures may both drive and be responsive to local metabolic changes in immune as well as non-immune cells, ultimately shaping the outcome of infection.

Relish plays a dynamic role in the niche to modulate blood progenitor homeostasis in development and infection.

Immune challenges demand the gearing up of basal hematopoiesis to combat infection. Little is known about how during development, this switch is achieved to take care of the insult. Here, we show that the hematopoietic niche of the larval lymph gland of senses immune challenge and reacts to it quickly through the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), Relish, a component of the immune deficiency (Imd) pathway.

Dpp dependent Hematopoietic stem cells give rise to Hh dependent blood progenitors in larval lymph gland of .

hematopoiesis bears striking resemblance with that of vertebrates, both in the context of distinct phases and the signaling molecules. Even though, there has been no evidence of Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in , the larval lymph gland with its Hedgehog dependent progenitors served as an invertebrate model of progenitor biology. Employing lineage-tracing analyses, we have now identified expressing HSCs in the first instar larval lymph gland.