Evaluation of the Effect of Parental Smoking on Gingival Melanin Pigmentation in Children.

Background: The presence of melanin pigmentation of the gingiva has unfavorable effects on esthetics in children. Although there are several local and systemic factors that cause melanin pigmentation, they may also be induced by the stimulation of melanocytes by stimuli present in tobacco smoke.

Aim: The aim of the study was to correlate the effect of parental smoking on the pigmentation of gingiva in children of Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.

A Comparative Evaluation of Nanosilver Fluoride, Chlorhexidine, and Sodium Fluoride When Used as a Varnish on Levels in Children with Caries.

Aim: The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effect of nanosilver fluoride (NSF), chlorhexidine (CHX), and sodium fluoride (NaF) when used as a varnish on levels in children with dental caries.

Study Design: A total of 120 children (age range 8-12 years) with incipient caries were randomly assigned to four groups ( = 30): group I-NSF varnish, group II-CHX varnish, group III-NaF varnish, and group IV-control. Varnish application at baseline was performed once.

A systematic review and meta-analysis on efficacy and safety of Ganaxolone in epilepsy.

Introduction: Ganaxolone has exhibited potential in managing seizures for epilepsy. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to assess both the safety and efficacy of Ganaxolone for refractory epilepsy.

Methods: A thorough search of electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant randomized controlled trials involving patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy and CDKL5 deficiency disorder.

Comparison of the safety and efficacy of Mitomycin C 0.02% used intra-operatively by subconjunctival injection versus direct scleral application using sponges in phacotrabeculectomy: A prospective randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of subconjunctival injection (MMC: 0.02%) to those with subconjunctival application of sponges soaked in Mitomycin C (MMC: 0.02%) intra-operatively in patients who underwent phacotrabeculectomy.

Longitudinal efficacy of Ertugliflozin in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Ertugliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, seems to improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aim to evaluate the efficacy of Ertugliflozin across multiple time intervals (18, 26, and 52 weeks) in T2DM patients.

Methods: A literature search was conducted on electronic databases.

Observation and Assessment of the Parameters of Facial Esthetics in 6-year-old Children with Healthy Dentition.

Aim: This study was conducted to observe and assess the dental and facial parameters of esthetics in children with healthy dentition and evaluate whether they are comparable to those of adults.

Materials And Methods: An observational study included 70 children with ages ranging from 5 to 6 years who had come to the Department of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, Institute of Dental Studies & Technologies, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, with intact primary dentition. Standardized photographs of the children were taken and evaluated.

Impact of tofogliflozin on hepatic outcomes: a systematic review.

Purpose: Studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. The aim was to review the effect of tofogliflozin on hepatic outcomes in T2DM patients.

Methods: A literature search in PubMed, Science Direct and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted for randomised clinical trials of tofogliflozin by applying predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis on potential molecular targets and mechanism of action of BRAF inhibitors for application in wound healing.

Topical application of BRAF inhibitors has been shown to accelerate wound healing in murine models, which can be extrapolated into clinical applications. The aim of the study was to identify suitable pharmacological targets of BRAF inhibitors and elucidate their mechanisms of action for therapeutic applicability in wound healing, by employing bioinformatics tools including network pharmacology and molecular docking. The potential targets for BRAF inhibitors were obtained from SwissTargetPrediction, DrugBank, CTD, Therapeutic Target Database, and Binding Database.

Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of nanosilver solution, , sodium hypochlorite, and normal saline as root canal irrigants in primary teeth.

Background: Microorganisms are the main cause of pulpal and periapical diseases. Hence, the elimination of such potential microbes is achieved by endodontic treatment. Mechanical preparation is the main mechanism to reduce the bacterial load in canals which is enhanced by intracanal irrigants.

A Systematic Review on Interferon Alpha-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Hepatitis C Patients.

Objective: Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) is an important treatment modality for the hepatitis C virus (HCV). However, treatment with IFN-α is often associated with cognitive difficulties in HCV patients. Thus, this systematic review was performed to assess the effects of IFN-α on cognitive functioning in patients suffering from HCV.

Assessing Videoconferencing as a Method of Remote Consultation in Pediatric Dentistry.

Background: The oral health condition in rural areas remains compromised due to insufficient healthcare providers. Implementation of teledentistry through videoconferencing in these areas can improve this situation when trained personnel are able to carry out real-time consultations of the patients with a pediatric dentist.

Aim: To observe the feasibility of using teledentistry for an oral examination, consultation, and education, and also to assess the participant's satisfaction regarding the use of teledentistry for a routine dental checkup.

Cognitive impairment and elevated peripheral cytokines in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.

Background: Anthracyclines-based regimen (5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (FAC); cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and 5-fluorouracil [CEF]) and non-anthracycline based regimens (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil [CMF]) are widely used as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patients.

Objective: The present study was conducted to observe the effects of FAC, CEF, and CMF regimen on cognition and circulatory proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 [IL-6] and interleukin 1β [IL-1β]) for the duration of three cycles of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.

Methods: Eighty newly diagnosed HER-2 negative breast cancer patients were enrolled and divided into 3 groups as FAC- ( = 27), CEF- ( = 26), and CMF- ( = 27) receiving patients.

Comparative Evaluation of Salivary Fluoride Concentration after Topical Application of Silver Diamine Fluoride and Sodium Fluoride: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The topical fluoride acts on the tooth in many ways and their most important action is inhibition of demineralization and enhancement of enamel remineralization.

Aim: The purpose of this clinical trial was to assess the fluoride concentration in saliva before and after 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) application on enamel and duration of its availability at different time intervals.

Methodology: A randomized clinical trial was conducted among 40 healthy children aged between 6 and 12 years.

Gastroschisis and low incidence of early-onset infection: a case for antimicrobial stewardship.

Objective: Early onset infection (EOI) in gastroschisis is rare. Excess antibiotic exposure in neonates increases necrotizing enterocolitis and mortality. We evaluated antibiotic exposure and EOI in gastroschisis.

Vitamin D Deficiency and Comorbidities as Risk Factors of COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objectives: Extensive evidence links low vitamin D status and comorbidities with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, but the results of published studies are contradictory. Therefore, we investigated the association of lower levels of vitamin D and comorbidities with the risk of COVID-19 infection.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.

Cross-sectional observational analysis of the genetic referral practices across pediatric ophthalmology outpatient departments in an urban setting.

Purpose: To analyze the genetic referral practices of pediatric ophthalmologists in an urban setting.

Methods: (1) The first limb of the study: cross-sectional, observational study among children visiting the outpatient department of pediatric ophthalmology across five centers in Mumbai. All pediatric patients were screened separately by pediatric ophthalmologists and a clinical geneticist for their ophthalmic and systemic complaints.

Efficacy and safety of nelarabine in patients with relapsed or refractory T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Nelarabine is approved for the treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients who relapse following at least two different chemotherapy regimens. Previous studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of nelarabine with chemotherapy in the treatment of R/R T-ALL. However, the results are inconsistent.

Effectiveness of Oral Probiotics in Reducing Count in Caries-active Children: A Comparison with Chlorhexidine and Herbal Mouthrinse (Hiora).

Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the reduction in salivary mutans streptococci counts and to evaluate any change in the salivary pH values after the use of oral probiotics, chlorhexidine, and herbal mouthrinse.

Method: Oral probiotics, chlorhexidine, and herbal mouthrinse [Hiora] were evaluated for their efficacy against in 75 caries-active children, aged 6-14 years.

Results: The values obtained were subjected to statistical analysis.

Gestational Age at Delivery and Neonatal Outcomes among Infants with Gastroschisis in the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Consortium (CHNC).

Objective: The effect of gestational age (GA) on gastroschisis outcomes is unclear and delivery timing varies in practice. We aimed to correlate clinical outcomes of infants with gastroschisis and GA at delivery in the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Consortium (CHNC).

Study Design: This was a retrospective multicenter cohort study of infants with gastroschisis admitted to CHNC neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) from 2010 to 2016.

Biofabricated platinum nanoparticles: therapeutic evaluation as a potential nanodrug against breast cancer cells and drug-resistant bacteria.

Use of plant extracts for the synthesis of various metal nanoparticles has gained much importance recently because it is a simple, less hazardous, conservative and cost-effective method. In this research work, platinum nanoparticles were synthesized by treating platinum ions with the leaf extract of and their structural properties were studied using various characterization techniques. The formation of platinum nanoparticles was confirmed by the disappearance of the absorbance peak at 261 nm in UV-visible spectra.

Antimicrobial effectiveness of Nano Silver Fluoride Varnish in reducing in saliva and plaque biofilm when compared with Chlorhexidine and Sodium Fluoride Varnishes.

Background: This study was done to investigate the antimicrobial effectiveness of Nano Silver fluoride, Sodium fluoride and Chlorhexidine when used as a varnish on () in saliva and plaque biofilm.

Material And Methods: 120 caries free subjects, aged 8-10 years were randomly assigned to four different groups (n=30) - group I: Control, group II: Chlorhexidine varnish (CHX), group III: Sodium fluoride varnish (NaF), group IV: Nano Silver fluoride varnish (NSF). Varnish application was done once at baseline.

Nanonization of Magnoflorine-Encapsulated Novel Chitosan-Collagen Nanocapsules for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Evaluation.

Neurodegeneration is one of the most common diseases in the aged population, characterized by the loss in the function of neuronal cells and their ultimate death. One of the common features in the progression of this type of diseases is the oxidative stress. Drugs which are currently being used have been found to show lateral side effects, which is partly due to their inefficiency to cross blood-brain barrier.