Air pollution dispersion in Hail city: Climate and urban topography impact.

Due to the rapid urbanization of many cities around the world, industrial manufacturing plants have been expanded quickly, leading to the discharge of large amounts of pollutants into the environment. Consequently, a significant deterioration in local air quality is recorded, representing a high health risk for the city's residents. In this context, the main objective of this work is to understand the dispersion of gas pollution in high-density urban environments, specifically the Hail region of Saudi Arabia.

CFD Investigation of Thermal Characteristics for a Dual Jet with a Parallel Co-flow.

A combined turbulent wall jet and offset jet (also known as the dual jet) with and without the presence of a parallel co-flow stream is studied. The standard -ω turbulence model is used to predict the turbulent flow. The study focuses on the effects of the co-flow velocity (CFV) on the heat-transfer characteristics of the dual jet flow with the bottom wall maintained at a constant wall temperature.