Publications by authors named "Nidan Qiao"
Background Gallium 68 (Ga) pentixafor has emerged as a potential C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)-targeted radiotracer for neuroendocrine tumor, yet its application in Cushing disease remains uncertain. Purpose To assess the diagnostic accuracy and value of Ga-pentixafor PET/MRI in localizing adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary tumors in Cushing disease. Materials and Methods A prospective single-center study was conducted from March 2023 to February 2024 in participants with Cushing disease scheduled for surgical pituitary tumor resection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the gut microbial signatures and related pathophysiological implications in patients with Cushing's disease (CD).
Design And Methods: Twenty-seven patients with CD and 45 healthy controls were enrolled. Based on obtained metagenomics data, we performed correlation, network study, and genome interaction group (GIG) analysis.
Article Synopsis
- Skull-base chordoma is a rare and aggressive bone cancer known for its high recurrence, and the study aims to understand its molecular characteristics and potential treatments through comprehensive analysis of 187 tumors.
- The research identifies chromosome instability as a significant predictor of prognosis and a possible target for therapy, particularly highlighting RPRD1B in cases resistant to radiotherapy.
- The study also characterizes tumor subtypes, revealing an immune cold subtype linked to poorer clinical outcomes, while showing that specific chromosomal gains and mitochondrial functions correlate with increased invasiveness in certain tumors.
Article Synopsis
- Craniopharyngioma (CP) is a benign brain tumor that can severely impact the hypothalamus, leading to serious health issues like obesity and cognitive impairments.
- Research shows that patients with CP have an altered gut microbiome, with higher levels of certain bacteria (Clostridium, Eubacterium) linked to negative health effects like dyslipidemia and cognitive decline.
- The study also found that changes in the microbiome are connected to up-regulation of purine metabolism and redox imbalances, suggesting these factors may contribute to the development and worsening of hypothalamic comorbidities associated with CP.
Article Synopsis
- Silent corticotroph adenoma (SCA) is a type of aggressive pituitary tumor that can recur even after surgery, and this study aims to analyze long-term outcomes after surgery and suggest optimal post-operative treatments.
- Researchers reviewed data from 367 patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal surgery, categorizing them based on the extent of tumor removal; they measured event-free survival rates across different treatment strategies over an average follow-up period of about 41 months.
- The study found that patients who had a gross total resection (complete tumor removal) had the best outcomes, with lower rates of recurrence compared to those with near total resection or subtotal resection followed by observation or radiation therapy.
Background: Surgical treatment of complex giant pituitary adenomas (GPAs) presents significant challenges. The efficacy and safety of combining transsphenoidal and transcranial approaches for these tumors remain controversial. In this largest cohort of patients with complex GPAs, we compared the surgical outcomes between those undergoing a combined regimen and a non-combined regimen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To review experience regarding the treatment of prolactinomas by endoscopic endonasal surgery focusing on the association between presurgical dopamine agonist (DA) treatment and perioperative outcomes, surgical morbidities, endocrine outcomes, and pathological characteristics.
Methods: A single-center series of 290 cases was analyzed retrospectively and clinical data were collected. Intratumoral collagen content was assessed by Masson trichrome staining.
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on developing a clinical prediction model for venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk in neurosurgery patients, highlighting its incidence rates between 3.0% to 26%.
- A large dataset of 5,867 patients was analyzed using advanced statistical methods, resulting in identifying eight significant predictors for VTE, including D-dimer levels and duration of surgery.
- The model demonstrated good predictive performance, with the highest area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.85 in external validation, suggesting it could help standardize clinical decision-making for VTE prevention in neurosurgery.
Objective: Quality of Life (QoL) has been a multifactorial concerning issue in oncology. We aimed to inspect the pre-operative QoL among patients with craniopharyngioma and to explore the potential correlations between parameters of QoL and clinical indices.
Subjects And Methods: We enrolled a total of 109 patients with craniopharyngioma.
Article Synopsis
- This study focused on understanding the risks and predictors of severe hypernatremia (high sodium levels) after surgery for craniopharyngioma, particularly looking at factors like water intake and urine output.
- Researchers identified significant risk factors for developing hypernatremia, including the type of surgical resection and pre-existing health conditions, and used machine learning to predict outcomes effectively.
- Results showed a high incidence of severe hypernatremia post-surgery, particularly on the first and sixth days, with specific nursing shifts linked to increased sodium levels and variations in fluid management.
Studies describing the clinical presentation and prognosis of patients with silent PIT1 (pituitary specific transcription factor)-lineage pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are rare. We identified patients with positive PIT1 tumor staining but without evidence of hormone hypersecretion at a tertiary center. Clusters were obtained according to cell morphology and immunostaining from each patient's digitally segmented whole slide image.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - Craniopharyngioma is a common brain tumor that can cause serious issues like increased pressure in the skull, vision problems, and hormonal imbalances, with surgery being the main treatment method despite challenges in complete removal.
- - The study reports two cases of ectopic recurrence and reviews 63 cases total, noting that this type of recurrence can occur years after initial treatment and can happen even when the tumor was entirely removed during surgery.
- - Most ectopic recurrences are found in the frontal lobe and are often linked to surgical procedures or fluid pathways; careful surgical techniques and consistent follow-up are recommended to manage these rare but severe cases.
Article Synopsis
- The study aims to assess and forecast the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following the surgical removal of major tumors in the sellar region.
- Analyzing a total of 3818 patients, they found a 3.2% incidence of VTE, with the highest risk group including older patients and those with specific tumor types, surgical methods, and complications.
- The researchers created an effective predictive model and an online decision-support tool to help identify patients at risk for VTE after surgery.
Article Synopsis
- Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET) are common brain tumors with unclear recurrence patterns, which could be improved by understanding their cellular origins and how differentiated they are.
- A comparative analysis using single-cell RNA sequencing from 3 normal anterior pituitary glands and 21 PitNETs identified distinct gene markers for different tumor subtypes.
- The study found that poorly differentiated tumors generally have higher recurrence rates across PIT1 and TPIT lineages, while well-differentiated tumors showed higher rates in the SF1 lineage, leading to a new classification system aimed at predicting tumor recurrence.
Pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) is one of the most common intracranial tumors. Due to its extensive tumor heterogeneity and the lack of high-quality tissues for biomarker discovery, the causative molecular mechanisms are far from being fully defined. Therefore, more studies are needed to improve the current clinicopathological classification system, and advanced treatment strategies such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy are yet to be explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Skull base chordoma (SBC) is a challenging bone cancer characterized by high recurrence and resistance to radiation, and its underlying mechanisms are not well understood.
- Researchers analyzed over 90,000 single cells to uncover the hierarchical structure of SBC and identified a cluster of stem-like cells associated with radioresistance, linked to a specific gene called cathepsin L (CTSL).
- A new treatment, YL-13027, which inhibits a process known as partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (p-EMT), showed promise in inhibiting SBC invasiveness and demonstrated positive outcomes in a small phase I clinical trial.
Article Synopsis
- A study found that patients with Cushing's disease (CD) have a significantly higher risk of ocular hypertension, occurring in about 20.2% of them, compared to only 4.7% in those with acromegaly and 4.5% in nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) patients.
- The average intraocular pressure (IOP) was also notably higher in CD patients, with measurements of approximately 19.4 mm Hg in the left eye and 20.0 mm Hg in the right eye, compared to lower pressures in the control groups.
- Post-surgery, there was a decrease in IOP for CD patients after one month
Purpose: Growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA) is an insidious disease with persistent hypersecretion of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1, causing increased morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have investigated the transcription of GHPA. However, the gene regulatory landscape has not been fully characterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- A study explored the use of artificial intelligence, specifically a low-rank fusion convolutional neural network (LFCNN), to predict outcomes in pituitary research by analyzing 5,504 pathology images from acromegaly patients alongside clinical and genetic data.
- The model demonstrated a high accuracy of 92.9% in predicting time to first endocrine remission after stereotactic radiosurgery, with strong sensitivity and specificity rates.
- This AI-based approach significantly outperformed traditional prognostic markers, suggesting its potential for helping clinicians make better treatment decisions for patients with acromegaly.
Article Synopsis
- Most studies on posterior pituitary tumors (PPTs) are limited to small case series or individual cases, leading to a need for more comprehensive research.
- A study of 51 patients revealed common symptoms like visual defects, headaches, and hypopituitarism, with unique radiological features suggesting a specific tumor type, while a majority underwent successful surgical removal.
- The results indicated that certain tumor types, particularly spindle cell oncocytomas, showed higher recurrence risks and proliferative activity, reinforcing the importance of including PPTs in the diagnosis of sellar and suprasellar masses.
Background: The pathogenesis of Cushing's disease (CD) is still not adequately understood despite the identification of somatic driver mutations in USP8, BRAF, and USP48. In this multiomics study, we combined RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) with Sanger sequencing to depict transcriptional dysregulation under different gene mutation backgrounds. Furthermore, we evaluated the potential of achaete-scute complex homolog 1 (ASCL1), a pioneer transcription factor, as a novel therapeutic target for treatment of CD and its possible downstream pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRisk factors of epistaxis after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgeries.
Clin Neurol Neurosurg
June 2022
Background: Epistaxis after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgeries does not typically occur as an accidental circumstance but often results from multiple factors. We aimed to assess the possible risk factors associated with postoperative epistaxis.
Methods: Patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery at Huashan hospital from August 2018 to November 2019 were enrolled in the study.
The p300 Inhibitor A-485 Exerts Antitumor Activity in Growth Hormone Pituitary Adenoma.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
May 2022
Article Synopsis
- Growth hormone pituitary adenoma (GHPA) is a significant type of pituitary adenoma that can cause serious health issues, and there's a pressing need for new treatments.
- Researchers investigated the role of p300, a protein involved in gene regulation, and found it was highly expressed in GHPA tissues compared to normal pituitary tissues.
- Using a p300 inhibitor called A-485, the study showed that it could reduce cell growth and hormone secretion, indicating it may be an effective new therapy for treating GHPA.
Article Synopsis
- This study develops a machine learning model to predict visual outcomes after surgery for tumors in the sellar region, using clinical and ophthalmic data from adult patients.
- The research included 159 patients and identified that larger tumors and certain types of tumors (like craniopharyngiomas) correlate with worse visual recovery, with an ensemble model achieving high predictive accuracy (84.3%).
- The final model’s effectiveness was confirmed through validation cohorts, and key factors for predicting outcomes included visual field quality, ganglion cell thickness, and tumor height, with SHAP scores highlighting their importance.
Objective: To compare the efficacy of collagen sponge graft versus autologous fat graft in repairing grade 1 intraoperative CSF leakage and identify potential risk factors for failure repairing.
Methods: We retrospectively recruited patients with grade 1 intraoperative CSF leakage repaired either with a collagen sponge (Group A), with autologous fat graft (Group B), or with only bipolar coagulation and gel foam packing (Group C). Patients with previous radiotherapy, repaired with additional materials, received postoperative lumbar drainage or without sufficient follow-up data were excluded.