miR-369-3p Modulates Intestinal Inflammatory Response via BRCC3/NLRP3 Inflammasome Axis.

Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes expressed by immune cells in response to distinct stimuli that trigger inflammatory responses and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Evidence suggests a different role of inflammasome NLRP3 in IBD. NLRP3 inflammasome activation can be controlled by post-translational modifications such as ubiquitination through BRCC3.

Role of Immunohistochemistry in Suspected Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Prospective Study on Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsies.

Objectives: Differential diagnosis between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and benign mimickers can be very difficult on small histological samples, such as fine needle aspiration biopsies (FNAB). We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of immunostaining for IMP3, Maspin, S100A4, S100P, TFF2, and TFF3 in FNAB pancreatic lesions.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 20 consecutive patients with suspected PDAC, collecting FNABs at our department between 2019 and 2021.

The Increase of miR-195-5p Reduces Intestinal Permeability in Ulcerative Colitis, Modulating Tight Junctions' Expression.

Defects in the intestinal epithelial barrier functions characterize inflammatory conditions such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1B, IL-6 and INF-γ trigger epithelial damage. These cytokines are due to upregulation of claudin-2 (CLDN2) that form a pore channel, resulting in redistribution of TJs and an alteration of barrier permeability.

Assessment and management of undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclastic like giant cells of the pancreas: a case report and revision of literature.

Background: Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGCs) is a rare and aggressive non endocrine pancreatic carcinoma characterized by the presence of osteoclastic giant cells mixed with mononuclear cell. Very few cases have been reported in the literature and the histogenesis is controversial as, at the time of diagnosis, the tumor is often of advanced size and stage and it is difficult to pathologically observe its relationship with the pancreatic duct.

Case Presentation: We present a case of 65-year-old male patient presenting with abdominal pain, nausea, and weight loss, which was treated with surgical resection.

Are Immunohistochemical Markers Useful in Phenotypic Gastric Cancer Classification?

To identify useful markers for prognostic and therapeutic purposes, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) provided a molecular classification of gastric cancers (GCs). Previous studies have used immunohistochemistry (IHC) and chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) to define immunophenotypic surrogate markers of the molecular alterations. Some critical issues concerning the correct definition of immunophenotypic groups have emerged in these studies that employed tissue microarrays (TMAs).