The Relationship between Pediatric Medical Training and Neonatal Care in the Delivery Room and Beyond.

The modern neonate differs greatly from newborns cared for a half-century ago, when the neonatal-perinatal medicine certification examination was first offered by the American Board of Pediatrics. Delivery room resuscitation and neonatal care are constantly evolving, as is the neonatal workforce. Similarly, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education review committees revise the requirements for graduate medical education programs every 10 years, and the modern pediatric medical trainee is also constantly evolving.

A national virtual job search series for neonatal-perinatal medicine fellows.

Background: A standardized approach to prepare trainees for the job search has not been described. The objective of this study was to describe and evaluate an educational series on the job search for Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine (NPM) fellows and identify participants' job search knowledge gaps.

Methods: During the 2020-2021 academic year, we created a virtual, seven-part job search series for NPM fellows that required no funding.

Scholarly Activity during Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Fellowship.

Objective:  This study aimed to describe scholarly activity training during neonatal-perinatal medicine (NPM) fellowship and factors associated with scholarship productivity.

Study Design:  NPM fellowship program directors (FPDs) were surveyed between March and October 2019, as part of a larger study of all pediatric subspecialty programs, to define barriers, resources, and productivity for fellow scholarly activity. High productivity was defined as >75% of fellows in a program in the last 5 years having a manuscript accepted for publication based on fellowship scholarly work.

Implicit Bias and Health Disparities Education in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Objective:  This study aimed to characterize implicit bias (IB) and health disparities (HD) education in neonatal-perinatal medicine (NPM), including current educational opportunities, resources, and barriers.

Study Design:  A national web-based survey was sent to NPM fellows, neonatologists, and frontline providers after iterative review by education experts from the National Neonatology Curriculum Committee. Quantitative data were analyzed with chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.

Simulation in a blended learning curriculum for neonatology.

Blended learning is a learner-centered educational method that combines online and traditional face-to-face educational strategies. Simulation is a commonly utilized platform for experiential learning and an ideal component of a blended learning curriculum. This section describes blended learning, including its strengths and limitations, educational frameworks, uses within health professions education, best practices, and challenges.

The Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine fellowship application webinar series: a novel approach to helping applicants succeed.

Background: In 2022, 13,586 candidates applied to subspecialty fellowships. Formal resources to inform candidates on subspecialty-specific fellowship application are limited. Candidates rely on residency application experience, informal advice, and online research for navigating the application process.

Optimizing clinical care and training in the neonatal intensive care unit: the relationship between front line providers and physician trainees.

Changes in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) coverage models, restrictions in trainee work hours, and alterations to the training requirements of pediatric house staff have led to a rapid increase in utilization of front-line providers (FLPs) in the NICU. FLP describes a provider who cares for neonates and infants in the delivery room, nursery, and NICU, and includes nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and/or hospitalists. The increasing presence and responsibility of FLPs in the NICU have fundamentally changed the way patient care is provided as well as the learning environment for trainees.

Practices and Outcomes from a Prospective, Multicenter Registry for Preterm Newborns with Pulmonary Hypertension.

Objective: To describe current treatment practices of preterm infants with early hypoxemic respiratory failure (HRF) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) and their association with patient outcomes.

Study Design: We developed a prospective, observational, multicenter clinical registry of preterm newborns <34 weeks' gestation with HRF and PH, based on either clinical or echocardiographic evidence during the first 72 hours of life, from 28 neonatal intensive care units in the US from 2017 through 2022. The primary end point was mortality among those who did or did not receive PH-targeted treatment, and the secondary end points included comparisons of major morbidities.

Parental leave during pediatric fellowship training: A national survey.

Background: Until recently, no uniform requirements for parental leave (PL) existed in graduate medical education. We implemented a national survey, with the objective of ascertaining fellows' perceptions of PL policies and their impact. This is the first study to focus exclusively on pediatric subspecialty fellows.

Implicit Bias Training in Health Professions Education: A Scoping Review.

Unlabelled: There is a recurrent call for effective implicit bias (IB) education within health professions education (HPE). We aimed to explore the state of IB education within HPE for clinical learners and IB educators using the Arksey and O'Malley scoping review framework. Thirty publications variable in curricular design met inclusion criteria.

Consensus on an implicit bias and health disparities curriculum in neonatal medicine: a Delphi study.

Objective: Despite longstanding and recurrent calls for effective implicit bias (IB) education in health professions education as one mechanism to reduce ongoing racism and health disparities, such curricula for neonatal-perinatal medicine (NPM) are limited. We aim to determine the key curricular elements for educating NPM fellows, advanced practice providers, and attending physicians in the critical topics of IB and health disparities.

Study Design: A modified Delphi study was performed with content experts in IB and health disparities who had educational relationships to those working and training in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Severe Bronchoconstriction Caused by Administration of Rocuronium in a 3-Month-Old Infant: Case Report.

We present the case of a 3-month-old infant with severe, persistent bronchoconstriction following administration of rocuronium. This observation raises awareness of a rare but potentially life-threatening reaction to neuromuscular blocking agents.