Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), virtual rhinomanometry, and virtual surgery for neonatal congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis.

Objectives: Investigate the implications of Congenital Nasal Pyriform Aperture Stenosis (CNPAS) on neonatal nasal airflow through computational fluid dynamics (CFD), create a virtual rhinomanometry, and simulate the prospective outcomes post-virtual surgical intervention.

Methods: CT scanning of a neonate diagnosed with CNPAS and a control model were used to execute CFD simulations. The segmentation file of the CNPAS underwent manual modifications to simulate a virtual surgical procedure, resulting in a geometry that mirrors a post-operatively corrected patient.

Tympanic Perforations in Children: When to Propose Surgical Closure?

Objective: This study aims to analyze the impact of age and other prognostic factors on the success of myringoplasty.

Study Design: A retrospective case series.

Settings: Pediatric ENT department of a tertiary academic center.

Obstructive Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Infants with Normal Awake Clinical Examination: Contribution of Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy.

Objectives: To determine the cause of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing using drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) in infants without co-morbidities and with normal clinical examination.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted between December 2019 and June 2022 (31 mo). All infants referred for obstructive sleep-disordered breathing with normal clinical examination and flexible laryngoscopy were included and underwent DISE.

Drug-Induced sleep endoscopy in children: NAVOTEL scoring system development.

Objectives: Pediatric drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) lacks a universal and easy-to-use scoring system. The velum, oropharynx, tongue, epiglottis (VOTE) scoring system is widely used but needs to be completed in pediatrics. The main objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of obstructive sites in DISE and to propose an appropriate pediatric scoring system.

Heliox simulations for initial management of congenital laryngotracheal stenosis.

Objectives: Congenital laryngotracheal stenosis is rare, potentially severe, and difficult to manage. Heliox is a medical gas effective in obstructive airway pathologies, given its physical properties. This study aims to model the interest of Heliox in reducing the respiratory work in congenital laryngotracheal stenosis, using numerical fluid flow simulations, before considering its clinical use.

International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG) consensus recommendations: Evaluation and management of congenital tracheal stenosis.

Objectives: To outline an expert-based consensus of recommendations for the diagnosis and management of pediatric patients with congenital tracheal stenosis.

Methods: Expert opinions were sought from members of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG) via completion of an 18-item survey utilizing an iterative Delphi method and review of the literature.

Results: Forty-three members completed the survey providing recommendations regarding the initial history, clinical evaluation, diagnostic evaluation, temporizing measures, definitive repair, and post-repair care of children with congenital tracheal stenosis.

Evaluation of preoperative cutaneous fistula as a risk factor for recurrence of thyroglossal duct cyst in children.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study is to investigate the risk factors for recurrence after thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) surgery, differentiating between infections with and without a cutaneous fistula. This is a retrospective analysis of all paediatric TGDC in a tertiary care centre with at least 2 years of postoperative follow-up. One hundred and thirty-one patients met the inclusion criteria of the study.

Submucosal thulium laser turbinoplasty in children: assessment of efficacy and comparison with partial inferior turbinectomy.

This study aimed to assess efficacy of submucosal thulium laser turbinoplasty in children and to compare thulium laser turbinoplasty with partial inferior turbinectomy. This is a retrospective study over 10 years from 1 January 2009, conducted in a Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology Department in a university tertiary care center, including all the children who underwent thulium laser inferior turbinoplasty and partial inferior turbinectomy. The main outcome measures were the improvement in airflow using rhinomanometric cumulative flow at 150 Pa and then functional improvement using "OPERAS" score (nasal Obstruction, facial Pain, Epistaxis, Rhinorrhea, Anosmia, Sneezing).

Locoregional Control and Survival in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Localized Head and Neck Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma-The French Experience.

Introduction: The head and neck (HN) are the most frequent sites of pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Alveolar RMS (ARMS) represents ~20% of all RMS cases and frequently spread to lymph nodes (LNs). The aim was to report locoregional control, event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS), according to clinical and pathological features, LN staging, and treatment modalities.

International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG) survey: Efforts to avoid complications in home tracheostomy care.

Objective: To provide guidance for home care tracheostomy management in the pediatric population. The mission of the IPOG is to develop expertise-based recommendations for the management of pediatric otolaryngologic disorders with the goal of improving patient care.

Methods: Survey of expert opinion by the members of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG).

Inspiratory stridor of newborns and infants admitted to a paediatric ENT outpatient clinic: diagnostic approach and therapeutic outcome.

The main objective was to analyse the use of rigid laryngotracheoscopy under general anaesthesia (GA) and endoscopic surgery in the management of inspiratory stridor in patients referred to a paediatric ENT outpatient clinic. The secondary objective was to analyse the aetiological diagnoses made and their therapeutic management. This is a prospective study including all newborns and infants, corresponding to 190 patients, presenting for the first time in consultation for inspiratory stridor from January 2015 to December 2017.

International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG) consensus recommendations: Management of suprastomal collapse in the pediatric population.

Introduction: Suprastomal Collapse (SuStCo) is a common complication of prolonged tracheostomy in children. There is a paucity of literature on this subject, especially regarding how to manage significant suprastomal collapse that prevents safe decannulation.

Objective: Provide a definition, classification system, and recommend management options for significant suprastomal collapse in children with tracheostomy.

COVID-19 and ENT Surgery.

In Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, clinical examination and invasive procedures on the respiratory tract and on airway-connected cavities, such as paranasal sinuses and the middle ear, expose people to direct transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by inhalation or ocular projection of contaminated droplets, and to indirect transmission by contact with contaminated hands, objects or surfaces. Estimating an R of COVID-19 at around 3 justified postponing non-urgent face-to-face consultations and expanding the use of teleconsultation in order to limit the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection of patients or health workers and comply with the lockdown. The health authority recommends cancellation of all medical or surgical activities, which are not urgent as long as this does not involve a loss of chance for the patient.

COVID-19 and ENT Pediatric otolaryngology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Guidelines of the French Association of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology (AFOP) and French Society of Otorhinolaryngology (SFORL).

Objective: Joint guidelines of the French Pediatric Otolaryngology Society (AFOP) and of the French Society of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery (SFORL) on the management of paediatric otolaryngology patients in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A nation-wide workgroup drew guidelines based on clinical experience, national and local recommendations and scientific literature. Proposals may have to be updated on a day-to-day basis.

International Pediatric ORL Group (IPOG) Robin Sequence consensus recommendations.

Objective: To provide recommendations for the comprehensive management of airway obstruction in patients with Robin Sequence.

Methods: Expert opinion by the members of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG).

Results: The consensus statement provides recommendations for medical specialists who manage infants with Robin Sequence including: evaluation and treatment considerations for commonly debated issues in post-natal airway obstruction, assessment of antenatal obstruction and perinatal airway management.

Numerical simulation of nasal airflows and thermal air modification in newborns.

Warming, filtering, and humidification of inspired air are major functions of the upper airway, which can be negatively altered by local disorders or surgical interventions. These functions have not been described in neonates because of ethical and technical problems difficult to solve. Numerical simulations can get around these limitations.

Fusobacterium necrophorum, a major provider of sinus thrombosis in acute mastoiditis: A retrospective multicentre paediatric study.

Objective: To evaluate in children the clinical severity and evolution of otogenic lateral sinus thrombosis (OLST) due to Fusobacterium necrophorum compared with other bacterial otogenic thrombosis and propose a specific management flowchart for Fusobacterium OLST.

Design: A retrospective multicentre cohort study.

Settings: Four French ENT paediatric departments.

International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG): Juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis consensus recommendations.

Objectives: To develop consensus recommendations for the evaluation and management of juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP) in pediatric patients.

Methods: Expert opinion by the members of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG). The mission of the IPOG is to develop expertise-based consensus recommendations for the management of pediatric otolaryngologic disorders with the goal of improving patient care.

Ibuprofen as risk-factor for complications of acute anterior sinusitis in children.

Importance: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are known to inhibit chemotaxis, oxidative burst and phagocytosis, bacterial killing in granulocytes as well as inhibiting neutrophil aggregation or degranulation, thereby interfering with the function of lymphocytes. On the other hand, ibuprofen is widely prescribed in pediatrics for its powerful analgesic and antipyretic effects. To our knowledge, no previous publication outlines the relationship between Ibuprofen therapy and an increased risk of intracranial and/or orbital complications of acute fronto-ethmoidal sinusitis in childhood.

Guidelines of the French Society of Otorhinolaryngology (SFORL): Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and pediatric ENT infections. Short version.

Objectives: To present the guidelines of the French Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery concerning the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in pediatric ENT infections.

Methods: Based on a critical analysis of the medical literature up to November 2016, a multidisciplinary workgroup of 11 practitioners wrote clinical practice guidelines. Levels of evidence were classified according to the GRADE (Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) system: GRADE A, B, C or "expert opinion".