The role of processing on phenolic bioaccessibility and antioxidant capacity of apple derivatives.

Fruit derivatives are commonly obtained by applying processing operations deemed responsible for the loss of phenol compounds, but very little information is available on the fate of phenols upon digestion of these products. The present study evaluated the effect of thermal and mechanical treatments, commonly applied to turn apple pulp into puree and homogenate, on phenolic bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity. Despite a 20 % decrease in polyphenols due to processing, their bioaccessibility was higher in apple derivatives (>20 %) compared to pulp (∼2 %).

Chimeric HLA antibody receptor T cell therapy for humoral transplant rejection.

Antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) is a significant obstacle to achieving optimal long-term outcomes after solid organ transplantation. The presence of donor-specific antibodies (DSAs), particularly against human leucocyte antigen (HLA), increases the risk of allograft rejection and subsequent graft loss. No effective treatment for ABMR currently exists, warranting novel approaches to target the HLA-specific humoral alloimmune response.

Unraveling the role of probiotics in affecting the structure of monoglyceride gelled emulsions: A low-field H NMR study.

The capacity of monoglyceride (MG) gelled emulsions (MEs) in protecting probiotic cells of against stresses suffered during food processing, storage, and human digestion has been recently demonstrated. These findings open new perspectives on the possible participation of probiotics in the stabilization of emulsion structure. To unravel this aspect, rheological analysis and Low-Field H NMR investigations were performed on MEs having different aqueous phases (water or skimmed milk) and stored for increasing time (1 and 14 days) at 4 °C.

Effect of moderate hydrostatic pressure on crystallization of palm kernel stearin-sunflower oil model systems.

Lipid crystallization under moderate hydrostatic pressure treatments (200 MPa, 20 °C, 1-24 h) was studied in palm kernel stearin (PS 100%) and its blends with sunflower oil (PS 80, 90 % w/w). Hyperbarically-crystallized samples exhibited significantly higher firmness, elastic modulus and critical stress values as compared to those of the samples crystallized at atmospheric pressure. These data indicate that moderate hydrostatic pressure favored the formation of a higher amount of small palm kernel stearin crystals as compared to those formed at atmospheric pressure.

Translation and validation of the Italian version of the incivility in nursing education-revised scale.

Background: Incivility in nursing education is present worldwide and impacts all those involved and the teacher-student relationship. The revised Incivility in Nursing Education (INE-R) is a validated and reliable instrument to measure academic incivility, but it is not available in Italian language. The aim of the study was to translate and validate the INE-R tool with an Italian sample.

A feasibility study of 5G positioning with current cellular network deployment.

This research examines the feasibility of using synchronization signals broadcasted by currently deployed fifth generation (5G) cellular networks to determine the position of a static receiver. The main focus lies on the analysis of synchronization among the base stations of a real 5G network in Milan, Italy, as this has a major impact on the accuracy of localization based on time of arrival measurements. Understanding such properties, indeed, is fundamental to characterize the clock drifts and implement compensation strategies as well as to identify the direct communication beam.

A Self-Calibrating Localization Solution for Sport Applications with UWB Technology.

This study addressed the problem of localization in an ultrawide-band (UWB) network, where the positions of both the access points and the tags needed to be estimated. We considered a fully wireless UWB localization system, comprising both software and hardware, featuring easy plug-and-play usability for the consumer, primarily targeting sport and leisure applications. Anchor self-localization was addressed by two-way ranging, also embedding a Gauss-Newton algorithm for the estimation and compensation of antenna delays, and a modified isolation forest algorithm working with low-dimensional set of measurements for outlier identification and removal.

Upcycling soy processing waste (okara) into structured emulsions for fat replacement in sweet bread.

Background: Okara is the main waste of soy processing and represents a large economic and environmental burden. Nevertheless, the fibre and protein content of okara supports the upcycling of this critical waste. This study aimed at assessing the potentialities of okara as an innovative oil-structuring ingredient.

A multi-analytical evaluation of the depositional pattern on open-air rock art panels at "Abrigo del Lince" (Badajoz, Spain).

Microscopic observation correlated with chemical-mineralogical characterization was performed on pigment samples from "Abrigo del Lince" rock art site (V-IV millennium BC), in order to provide contributions to the study of prehistoric schematic art on granite in the province of Badajoz (Spain). The research objectives include the understanding of technological and cultural aspects, as well as of conservation and deterioration issues related to the pictographs. The multi-analytical approach encompasses the integration of microscopic observation, SEM-EDS analysis, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and ATR-FTIR and allowed to achieve a multispectral overview of the samples and to describe their varied composition and the alteration pattern which connects them.

Raw milk preservation by hyperbaric storage: Effect on microbial counts, protein structure and technological functionality.

The possibility to apply hyperbaric storage (HS) at room temperature (20 °C) as a sustainable approach for preservation of raw skim milk was studied. Samples were stored at 200 and 150 MPa for up to 6 days. Optimal pressure for milk HS was found to be 150 MPa, since no clotting was detected for up to 6 days.

Microplastic accumulation in commercial fish from the Adriatic Sea.

We assessed the presence and concentration of microplastics in fishes from the Northern Adriatic Sea on sale for human consumption. Microplastics were extracted from the digestive tract of 180 specimens, belonging to 6 different species (2 pelagic, and 4 demersal). Microplastics were identified through Nile red staining, and selected particles were analyzed by μ-Raman spectroscopy.

The (a)typical burden of COVID-19 pandemic scenario in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Psychological and mental health consequences of large-scale anti-contagion policies are assuming strong relevance in the COVID-19 pandemic. We proposed a specific focus on a large sample of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), developing an ad hoc instrument to investigate changes occurred in specific (sub-)domains during a period of national lockdown (Italy). Our questionnaire, named AutiStress, is both context-specific (being set in the COVID-19 pandemic scenario) and condition-specific (being structured taking into account the autistic functioning peculiarities in the paediatric age).

Online psychological counselling during lockdown reduces anxiety symptoms and negative affect: Insights from Italian framework.

Several studies have shown how COrona VIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the consequent isolation and quarantine measures could affect physical and mental well-being. Therefore, the increased request for support and assistance represents a critical challenge for clinicians requiring a reorganization of care systems. In this regard, online counselling has been identified as a useful tool in providing psychological assistance and support.

EM Model-Based Device-Free Localization of Multiple Bodies.

In this paper, we discuss the problem of device-free localization and tracking, considering multiple bodies moving inside an area monitored by a wireless network. The presence and motion of non-instrumented subjects leave a specific footprint on the received Radio-Frequency (RF) signals by affecting the Received Signal Strength (RSS) in a way that strongly depends on people location. The paper targets specifically the modelling of the effects on the electromagnetic (EM) field, and the related inference methods.

Correction: Effect of the formulation and structure of monoglyceride-based gels on the viability of probiotic upon digestion.

Correction for 'Effect of the formulation and structure of monoglyceride-based gels on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus upon in vitro digestion' by Sofia Melchior et al., Food Funct., 2021, DOI: 10.

Effect of the formulation and structure of monoglyceride-based gels on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus upon in vitro digestion.

This research was conducted to evaluate the potential use of saturated monoglyceride (MG)-based gels in the protection of probiotics upon in vitro digestion. For this purpose, a Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain was inoculated into binary and ternary systems, containing MGs, a water phase composed of an aqueous solution at controlled pH or UHT skimmed milk, and in ternary gels, sunflower oil. Gel structure characterization was initially performed just after preparation and after 14 days of storage at 4 °C by rheological, mechanical, thermal, and microscopy analyses.

Neurotypical individuals fail to understand action vitality form in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Any defects of sociality in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are standardly explained in terms of those individuals' putative impairments in a variety of cognitive functions. Recently, however, the need for a bidirectional approach to social interaction has been emphasized. Such an approach highlights differences in basic ways of acting between ASD and neurotypical individuals which would prevent them from understanding each other.

Sensor-Aided V2X Beam Tracking for Connected Automated Driving: Distributed Architecture and Processing Algorithms.

This paper focuses on ultra-reliable low-latency Vehicle-to-Anything (V2X) communications able to meet the extreme requirements of high Levels of Automation (LoA) use cases. We introduce a system architecture and processing algorithms for the alignment of highly collimated V2X beams based either on millimeter-Wave (mmW) or Free-Space Optics (FSO). Beam-based V2X communications mainly suffer from blockage and pointing misalignment issues.

Modeling the Effect of the Oxidation Status of the Ingredient Oil on Stability and Shelf Life of Low-Moisture Bakery Products: The Case Study of Crackers.

In packed low-moisture foods such as crackers, oxidation is generally the main cause of quality depletion during storage. It is commonly believed, but scarcely investigated, that product shelf life depends on the oxidative status of the lipid ingredients. In this study, the influence of oxidation degree of the ingredient sunflower oil on cracker oxidative stability and hence shelf life was investigated.

Effect of different biopolymer-based structured systems on the survival of probiotic strains during storage and in vitro digestion.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of different biopolymer systems on the viability of two probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Streptococcus thermophilus) during storage and in vitro digestion. Methylcellulose (MC), sodium alginate (SA), and whey protein (WP)-based structures were designed and characterized in terms of pH, rheological properties, and visual appearance.

Results: The results highlighted that the WP-system ensured probiotic protection during both storage and in vitro digestion.

Temperature Dependence of Oxidation Kinetics of Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) and Shelf-Life Prediction.

Producers have to guarantee the extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) quality characteristics reported in the Regulation (CEE) 2568/91 throughout the product shelf-life (SL). Unfortunately, due to the development of oxidative reactions, some quality indices change during storage leading to a progressive deterioration of EVOO quality. To avoid the risk of product downgrading in the virgin oil category, the development of effective shelf-life prediction models is extremely important for the olive oil industry.

Benquerencia (La Serena - Spain) rock art: An integrated spectroscopy analysis with FTIR and Raman.

La Serena region is a large plateau with open landscapes bounded in the south by a mountain chain formed by the Benquerencia, Tiros and La Rinconada Sierras. There are more than 300 painted and engraved sites in the region. Cueva Grande, Cueva de En medio and Cueva Pequeña are three Schematic rock art shelters located in the municipality of Benquerencia de la Serena, Badajoz, Spain.

A Cooperative Machine Learning Approach for Pedestrian Navigation in Indoor IoT.

This paper presents a system based on pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) for localization of networked mobile users, which relies only on sensors embedded in the devices and device- to-device connectivity. The user trajectory is reconstructed by measuring step by step the user displacements. Though step length can be estimated rather accurately, heading evaluation is extremely problematic in indoor environments.

People Counting by Dense WiFi MIMO Networks: Channel Features and Machine Learning Algorithms.

Subject counting systems are extensively used in ambient intelligence applications, such as smart home, smart building and smart retail scenarios. In this paper, we investigate the problem of transforming an unmodified WiFi radio infrastructure into a flexible sensing system for passive subject counting. We first introduce the multi-dimensional channel features that capture the subject presence.