Prehabilitation for Chilean frail elderly people - pre-surgical conditioning protocol - to reduce the length of stay: randomized control trial.

Background: Frail elderly patients have a higher risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality. Prehabilitation is a potential intervention for optimizing postoperative outcomes in frail patients. We studied the impact of a prehabilitation program on length of stay (LOS) in frail elderly patients undergoing elective surgery.

Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Celiac Disease and Diabetes: Focus on the Intestinal Mucosa.

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are a family of enzymes essential for numerous cellular processes, such as cell growth, inflammation, differentiation, immune-mediated responses and oncogenic transformation. The aim of this review is to review the literature concerning the role of several PTPs-PTPN22, PTPN2, PTPN6, PTPN11, PTPσ, DUSP2, DUSP6 and PTPRK-at the level of the intestinal mucosa in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), celiac disease (CeD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) in both in vitro and in vivo models. The results revealed shared features, at the level of the intestinal mucosa, between these diseases characterized by alterations of different biological processes, such as proliferation, autoimmunity, cell death, autophagy and inflammation.

Extracorporeal Acoustic Shock Waves to Treat Complications of Polymethylmethacrylate.

Background: Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) fillers are permanent fillers known for their possible side effects. In case of complications, the only possible treatment is surgical removal, followed by procedures to minimize resulting deformity. The aims of this study were (1) to analyse the morphology of the PMMA material in the nodules, (2) to demonstrate that treatment by acoustic wave therapy (AWT) can help the removal of the nodules, and (3) to present an easy procedure to solve deformities.

The Use of Botulinum Toxin Type A and the Occurrence of Anaphylaxis: A Descriptive Analysis of Data from the European Spontaneous Reporting System.

Background: Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) is a protein produced by Clostridium botulinum bacteria. It is the most widely used among botulinum toxin types, and it is recommended for the treatment of many clinical conditions, including muscle hyperactivity syndromes and for esthetic indications too. BTA is generally considered safe, and the most reported adverse events (AEs) include eyelids ptosis, immunogenicity, neuromuscular disorders and hypersensitivity reactions.

Development of Biodegradable Bioplastics with Sericin and Gelatin from Silk Cocoons and Fish Waste.

The bioplastics sector promotes environmentally friendly means of cutting down on the usage of fossil fuels, plastic waste, and environmental pollution. Plastic contamination has detrimental effects on both ecological systems and the global food supply. The approach we present here to resolve this issue involves the integration of sericin and gelatin, obtained from cocoon and fish waste, respectively, with nano-reinforced cellulose crystals, to develop a biodegradable and compostable plastic material.

Assessing the performance of LumiraDx™ SARS-CoV-2 Ag test in detecting Omicron lineages: 2022-2023 study.

Background: The introduction of rapid antigen tests revolutionized the approach to SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, offering prompt and accurate results with high sensitivity and specificity. Although it is more cost- and time-saving than the gold standard, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the efficacy in general population screening in both hospital- and community-based settings remains unknown. Moreover, rapid antigen testing is limited by qualitative results.

Mitochondrial transfer from Adipose stem cells to breast cancer cells drives multi-drug resistance.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a complex disease, showing heterogeneity in the genetic background, molecular subtype, and treatment algorithm. Historically, treatment strategies have been directed towards cancer cells, but these are not the unique components of the tumor bulk, where a key role is played by the tumor microenvironment (TME), whose better understanding could be crucial to obtain better outcomes.

Methods: We evaluated mitochondrial transfer (MT) by co-culturing Adipose stem cells with different Breast cancer cells (BCCs), through MitoTracker assay, Mitoception, confocal and immunofluorescence analyses.

Left bundle branch pacing and cardiac remodeling in HF patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: epigenetic pathways and clinical outcomes.

Background: Left bundle branch (LBB) pacing could achieve cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients who cannot be resynchronized via the placement of the left ventricle (LV) lead into the coronary sinus. LBB pacing could improve cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure (HF) patients with LBB block who are affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Study Hypothesis: LBB pacing could increase the number of CRT responders and lead to the best clinical outcomes in HF patients with T2DM, inducing cardiac remodeling and improving left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) via microRNA (miR) modulation.

Training in Vascular Microsurgery: The Ex Vivo Biological Model on Domestic Turkey Leg ().

There are various models for practicing microsurgical anastomoses, from synthetic to ex vivo and in vivo biological ones. In this study, we present the domestic turkey () as an ex vivo biological model in the practice of surgical anastomoses. In our opinion, it represents a model that is very similar to a human one, low cost, and easy to find.

Biophysical modeling of the whole-cell dynamics of C. elegans motor and interneurons families.

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a widely used model organism for neuroscience. Although its nervous system has been fully reconstructed, the physiological bases of single-neuron functioning are still poorly explored. Recently, many efforts have been dedicated to measuring signals from C.

Real-World Safety Data of the Orphan Drug Onasemnogene Abeparvovec (Zolgensma) for the SMA Rare Disease: A Pharmacovigilance Study Based on the EMA Adverse Event Reporting System.

The recent introduction of the innovative therapy, onasemnogene abeparvovec (Zolgensma), has revolutionized the spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) therapeutic landscape. Although Zolgensma therapy has proven to lead to functional improvements in SMA children, some gaps in its safety profile still need to be investigated. To better characterize the Zolgensma safety profile, we conducted a retrospective observational study, analyzing all the Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSRs) referred to it and collected in the European pharmacovigilance database between 1 January 2019 and 22 September 2023.

See Elegans: Simple-to-use, accurate, and automatic 3D detection of neural activity from densely packed neurons.

In the emerging field of whole-brain imaging at single-cell resolution, which represents one of the new frontiers to investigate the link between brain activity and behavior, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans offers one of the most characterized models for systems neuroscience. Whole-brain recordings consist of 3D time series of volumes that need to be processed to obtain neuronal traces. Current solutions for this task are either computationally demanding or limited to specific acquisition setups.

Bacterial screening in Indian coastal regions for efficient polypropylene microplastics biodegradation.

Polypropylene based medical devices significantly increased production and usage in COVID-19 pandemic states, and this material is very resilient in the environment. Thus, more than ever, rapid action is needed to reduce this pollution. This study focuses on the degradation of polypropylene microplastics (PP MPs) by unique marine bacterial strains obtained from the Thoundi (Bacillus tropicus, Bacillus cereus, Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila, and Brucella pseudintermedia) and Rameshwaram coasts (Bacillus cereus).

Infections in a Unit of Cardio Surgery: Study at a General Hospital in Padua, Italy.

is a slow-growing non-tuberculous mycobacterium already known for being able to colonize cardio surgery heater-cooler units (HCUs). This study aims to describe the real magnitude of the phenomenon, providing a methodological protocol and the results of a longitudinal survey. In the period 1 January 2017-23 May 2022, over 1191 samples were collected on 35 HCUs of two different manufacturers.

Changes in Circulating Acylated Ghrelin and Neutrophil Elastase in Diabetic Retinopathy.

: The role and the levels of ghrelin in diabetes-induced retinal damage have not yet been explored. The present study aimed to measure the serum levels of total ghrelin (TG), and its acylated (AG) and des-acylated (DAG) forms in patients with the two stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR), non-proliferative (NPDR) and proliferative (PDR). Moreover, the correlation between serum ghrelin and neutrophil elastase (NE) levels was investigated.

Reconstruction of the columella with interposition of nasogenian flaps: A case report.

Introduction: Reconstructing large defects of the columella and upper lip is an interesting challenge in facial reconstruction due to the high visibility of this aesthetic subunit and the difficulties posed by the unique characteristics of the skin in these areas, which differs from that of the surrounding regions. Among the various techniques proposed, the use of local flaps remains the most commonly used and effective method in this type of reconstruction.

Presentation Of The Case: A 47-year-old man in good clinical condition presented with a nodular lesion on the columella and upper lip.

Multiple Foci of Basal Cell Carcinoma Arising in Rhinophyma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Rhinophyma is a benign condition caused by the excessive growth of sebaceous glands in the nasal tissue, presenting with symptoms such as nasal hypertrophy, erythema, and papules. Cases of basal cell carcinoma in rhinophyma have been reported in literature, but its etiological role remains unclear. It is uncertain whether rhinophyma is predisposed to neoplasm development or if their coexistence is coincidental.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Scleroderma: Data from the European Pharmacovigilance Database.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can be commonly associated with the occurrence of immune-related adverse drug reactions (irADRs), which can involve any tissue and organ. ICI-induced skin toxicities are common irADRs and they can be a consequence of a rheumatologic ADR, such as in the case of scleroderma. A recent literature review reported that scleroderma and scleroderma mimics represent a group of disorders with significant morbidity that have been described during ICIs' use.

The virulence factor apyrase is released inside eukaryotic cells to hijack host cell fate.

In this paper, we demonstrated that apyrase is released within the host cell cytoplasm during infection to target the intracellular ATP pool. By degrading intracellular ATP, apyrase contributes to prevent caspases activation, thereby inhibiting the activation of pyroptosis in infected cells. Our results show, for the first time, that apyrase is involved in the modulation of host cell survival, thereby aiding this pathogen to dampen the inflammatory response.

Family Carers' Experiences of Goals of Care Conversations in Acute Hospital Settings.

End-of-life Goals of Care (GoC) discussions aim to support care that is consistent with patients' preferences and values. This study uses an exploratory qualitative design drawing upon a social constructivist epistemology to examine family carers' perspectives on GoC within acute Australian hospital settings. Twenty-five family carers of aging inpatients were recruited from six Australian hospitals to participate in recorded, semi-structured interviews.

-Mediated Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesis, with Their Antibacterial and Anticancer Potential.

The utilization of nanoparticles derived from algae has generated increasing attention owing to their environmentally sustainable characteristics and their capacity to interact harmoniously with biologically active metabolites. The present study utilized for the purpose of synthesizing copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs), which were subsequently subjected to in vitro assessment against various bacterial pathogens and cancer cells A375. The biosynthesized CuONPs were subjected to various analytical techniques including FTIR, XRD, HRSEM, TEM, and Zeta sizer analyses in order to characterize their stability and assess their size distribution.

Modeling of olfactory transduction in AWC neuron via coupled electrical-calcium dynamics.

Amphid wing "C" (AWC) neurons are among the most important and studied neurons of the nematode In this work, we unify the existing electrical and intracellular calcium dynamics descriptions to obtain a biophysically accurate model of olfactory transduction in AWC neurons. We study the membrane voltage and the intracellular calcium dynamics at different exposure times and odorant concentrations to grasp a complete picture of AWC functioning. Moreover, we investigate the complex cascade of biochemical processes that allow AWC activation upon odor removal.