Background: Self-stigma is associated with low self-esteem, high shame and reduced drinking-refusal self-efficacy in people with alcohol use disorder (AUD). The Self-Stigma in Alcohol-Dependence Scale-Short Form (SSAD-SF) was designed to enable a brief, but valid assessment of AUD self-stigma.
Methods: We reduced the 64-item SSAD, originally derived from 16 stereotypes towards people with AUD, by removing the most offensive items based on perspectives of people with lived experience.