Risk Factors for Bicycling Injuries in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

Context: Child and adolescent bicycling is beneficial, but injuries occur and can be severe and costly.

Objective: To systematically review the individual and environmental factors associated with bicycling injury risk in children and adolescents.

Data Sources: Fourteen electronic databases were searched.

The epidemiology of fatal cyclist crashes over a 14-year period in Alberta, Canada.

Background: Cycling is a popular recreational activity and a common transportation option; however, cycling-related injuries can be fatal. There are few studies of cycling fatalities in Canada and none in a region as sparsely populated as Alberta.

Methods: A chart review was conducted of cyclists involved in fatal crashes.

Severe bicycling injury risk factors in children and adolescents: a case-control study.

Background: Bicycling is the most common cause of sports and recreation injury in children and adolescents; yet, there is limited evidence on the factors associated with severe bicycling injuries in youth.

Methods: Case-control study of injured bicyclists less than 18 years old seen in seven emergency departments (EDs) from May 2008 to October 2010. Cases were bicyclists hospitalized after their ED visit (severe injury).

Feature-specific terrain park-injury rates and risk factors in snowboarders: a case-control study.

Background: Snowboarding is a popular albeit risky sport and terrain park (TP) injuries are more severe than regular slope injuries. TPs contain man-made features that facilitate aerial manoeuvres. The objectives of this study were to determine overall and feature-specific injury rates and the potential risk factors for TP injuries.

Comparing the characteristics of snowboarders injured in a terrain park who present to the ski patrol, the emergency department or both.

Ski patrol report forms are a common data source in ski/snowboard research, but it is unclear if those who only present to the emergency department (ED) are systematically different from those who see the ski patrol. To determine the proportion and characteristics of injured snowboarders who bypass the ski patrol before presenting to the ED, three groups of injured snowboarders were compared: presented to the ED only, ski patrol only and ski patrol and ED. Data were collected from ski patrol Accident Report Forms (ARFs), ED medical records and telephone interviews.

Assessing inter-rater agreement of environmental audit data in a matched case-control study on bicycling injuries.

Background: Environmental audit tools must be reliable in order to accurately estimate the association between built environmental characteristics and bicycling injury risk.

Objective: To examine the inter-rater agreement of a built environment audit tool within a case-control study on the environmental determinants of bicycling injuries.

Methods: Auditor pairs visited locations where bicycling injuries occurred and independently recorded location characteristics using the Systematic Pedestrian and Cyclist Environmental Scan (SPACES).

Characteristics of injuries sustained by snowboarders in a terrain park.

Objective: To determine injured body regions and injury type resulting from snowboarding on aerial and nonaerial terrain park features and the accuracy of ski patrol assessments compared with physician diagnoses.

Design: Case series study.

Setting: An Alberta terrain park during the 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 seasons.

Environmental determinants of bicycling injuries in Alberta, Canada.

This study examined environmental risk factors for bicycling injuries, by combining data on bicyclist injuries collected by interviews in the emergency department (ED) with street-level environmental audits of injury locations, capturing path, roadway, safety, land use, and aesthetic characteristics. Cases were bicyclists struck by a motor vehicle (MV) or with severe injuries (hospitalized). Controls were bicyclists who were not hit by a car or those seen and discharged from the ED, matched on time and day of injury.

Mountain bike terrain park-related injuries: an emerging cause of morbidity.

This case-control study describes the profile of bicyclists injured in mountain bike terrain parks (MBTPs) and examines risk factors for severe injury among MBTP riders. Cases were hospitalised bicyclists injured in MBTPs. Controls were bicyclists injured in MBTPs who were discharged from the emergency department.