Clinical trial knowledge, discussion, and participation among cancer survivors: A HINTS-SEER study.

Objectives: Clinical trial knowledge and discussions about clinical trials with healthcare providers contribute to clinical trial participation and clinical trial representation. This study explored 1) the association of patient-provider communication with clinical trial knowledge, 2) how patient-provider communication impacts the associations of demographic and clinical factors with clinical trial knowledge, and 3) motivations for clinical trial participation among people with a history of cancer.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from the 2021 Health Information National Trends Survey-Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (HINTS-SEER) study included 1201 adult cancer survivors recruited from three SEER registries.

Disparities in Telehealth Offer and Use among U.S. Adults: 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey.

Understanding the sources of telehealth disparities can inform efforts to ensure equity. This study examines disparities in telehealth offer and use to understand the role of health care providers in increasing telehealth access. This cross-sectional analysis of the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (n = 5,295) used survey-weighted proportions to characterize telehealth use and multivariable logistic regressions to test associations of sociodemographic and social determinants with (1) telehealth offer and (2) use among those offered the option.

Perceptions of Health Misinformation on Social Media: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Background: Health misinformation on social media can negatively affect knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, undermining clinical care and public health efforts. Therefore, it is vital to better understand the public's experience with health misinformation on social media.

Objective: The goal of this analysis was to examine perceptions of the social media information environment and identify associations between health misinformation perceptions and health communication behaviors among US adults.

Mitigating Health and Science Misinformation: A Scoping Review of Literature from 2017 to 2022.

Literature on how to address misinformation has rapidly expanded in recent years. The aim of this scoping review was to synthesize the growing published literature on health and science misinformation mitigation interventions. English-language articles published from January 2017 to July 2022 were included.

Feasibility of precision smoking treatment in a low-income community setting: results of a pilot randomized controlled trial in The Southern Community Cohort Study.

Background: The feasibility of precision smoking treatment in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities has not been studied.

Methods: Participants in the Southern Community Cohort Study who smoked daily were invited to join a pilot randomized controlled trial of three smoking cessation interventions: guideline-based care (GBC), GBC plus nicotine metabolism-informed care (MIC), and GBC plus counseling guided by a polygenic risk score (PRS) for lung cancer. Feasibility was assessed by rates of study enrollment, engagement, and retention, targeting > 70% for each.

Uncertainty: a neglected determinant of health behavior?

Health behaviors are critical determinants of the well-being of individuals and populations, and understanding the determinants of these behaviors has been a major focus of research. One important determinant that has received little direct attention in past health research is uncertainty: a complex phenomenon that pertains not only to scientific issues regarding the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, and treatment of health problems, but also to personal issues regarding other important health-related concerns. Here, we make the case for greater attention to uncertainty in health behavior theory and research, and especially to personal uncertainties.

Understanding Associations of Personal Values With Support for Tobacco and Alcohol Control Policies.

Introduction: This cross-sectional analysis of the 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey (N=3,604) examines the associations of personal values with tobacco and alcohol control policy support, which may inform policy-related communication efforts.

Methods: Respondents selected which of 7 value options they considered most important in their daily life and rated their support for 8 proposed tobacco and alcohol control policies (1=strongly oppose, 5=strongly support). Weighted proportions for each value were described across sociodemographic characteristics, smoking status, and alcohol use.

Dispositional optimism and optimistic bias: Associations with cessation motivation, confidence, and attitudes.

Objective: To test whether 2 conceptually overlapping constructs, dispositional optimism (generalized positive expectations) and optimistic bias (inaccurately low risk perceptions), may have different implications for smoking treatment engagement.

Method: Predominantly Black, low-income Southern Community Cohort study smokers (n = 880) self-reported dispositional optimism and pessimism (Life Orientation Test-Revised subscales: 0 = neutral, 12 = high optimism/pessimism), comparative lung cancer risk (Low/Average/High), and information to calculate objective lung cancer risk (Low/Med/High). Perceived risk was categorized as accurate (perceived = objective), optimistically-biased (perceived < objective), or pessimistically-biased (perceived > objective).

Demographic and Health Behavior Factors Associated With Clinical Trial Invitation and Participation in the United States.

Importance: Representative enrollment in clinical trials is critical to ensure equitable and effective translation of research to practice, yet disparities in clinical trial enrollment persist.

Objective: To examine person-level factors associated with invitation to and participation in clinical trials.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study analyzed responses from 3689 US adults who participated in the nationally representative Health Information National Trends Survey, collected February through June 2020 via mailed questionnaires.