Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on serum 25(OH)D, lipids and markers of insulin resistance in obese adolescents: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial.

Background/aims: To determine the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], lipid profile and markers of insulin resistance in obese adolescents.

Methods: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 58 obese adolescents (n = 58; 12-18 years of age) received either vitamin D3 (2,000 IU/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. Total 25(OH)D, fasting plasma glucose, insulin and lipid profile were measured at baseline and following supplementation.

Relationships between thyroid function and lipid status or insulin resistance in a pediatric population.

Background: In adults without thyroid disease, increasing levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) within the range of that considered normal have been shown to be associated with increases in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides, and with decreases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Serum TSH has also been found to be positively associated with fasting and postload insulin concentrations and negatively associated with insulin sensitivity in euthyroid adults. We hypothesized that such relationships also exist in euthyroid children and adolescents.

Cystic changes in the ovaries of a pre-pubertal girl with Henoch-Schönlein purpura.

Henoch Schönlein Purpura is an IgA mediated vasculitis that is known to be associated with scrotal pathology. However, an association between Henoch Schönlein purpura and ovarian pathology has not been described. We present the case of a girl who developed cystic changes in her ovaries during her course of Henoch Schönlein purpura.

Relationships between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and plasma glucose and lipid levels in pediatric outpatients.

Objective: To study the relationships between serum vitamin D levels and plasma glucose or lipid levels in children and adolescents.

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective record review of pediatric outpatients (age, 2-18 years) with simultaneous measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) and fasting plasma glucose (n = 302) or 25(OH) D and a lipid panel (n = 177). Pearson correlation coefficient was used to estimate the correlation between 25(OH) D and logarithmic transformed plasma glucose or lipid levels.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents: where do we stand with drug treatment and behavioral management?

Type 2 diabetes, once considered a disease of adults, is a growing problem in the pediatric population. The emergence of type 2 diabetes in this age group has paralleled the epidemic of childhood obesity. Lifestyle modifications represent first-line therapy for children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes.